Photovoltaic Generation of Electricity Using Near-Field Radiation

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsunori Hanamura ◽  
Hirofumi Fukai ◽  
Elaiyaraju Srinivasan ◽  
Masao Asano ◽  
Teppei Masuhara
Keyword(s):  
Evanescent Wave ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Photovoltaic Cell ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Wave Effect ◽  
Photovoltaic Generation ◽  
Field Radiation

Near-field radiation that has a high intensity of electric field was applied to enhance conversion from thermal energy to electricity in a wavelength range less than 1.1 μm or 1.8 μm. A commercial Si-photovoltaic cell and a thermophotovoltaic cell made of GaSb semiconductors were used to confirm that the near-field radiation effect (the evanescent wave effect) can be applied to enhance generation of electricity. As a result, an increase in output power generation of electricity by the evanescent wave effect was detected and the short-circuit current density increased about 1.3 times for the Si-PV cell and 3.0 times for the GaSb-TPV cell as larger than those obtained by the conventional propagating-wave radiation.

Determining the exciton diffusion length of copper phthalocyanine in operating planar-heterojunction organic solar cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 30201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Guan ◽  
Shiyu Wang ◽  
Wenxing Liu ◽  
Dashan Qin ◽  
Dayan Ban
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Diffusion Length ◽  
Copper Phthalocyanine ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Exciton Diffusion ◽  
Exciton Diffusion Length

Organic solar cells based on planar copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/C60 heterojunction have been characterized, in which a 2 nm-thick layer of bathocuproine (BCP) is inserted into the CuPc layer. The thin layer of BCP allows hole current to tunnel it through but blocks the exciton diffusion, thereby altering the steady-state exciton profile in the CuPc zone (zone 1) sandwiched between BCP and C60. The short-circuit current density (JSC) of device is limited by the hole-exciton scattering effect at the BCP/CuPc (zone 1) interface. Based on the variation of JSC with the width of zone 1, the exciton diffusion length of CuPc is deduced to be 12.5–15 nm. The current research provides an easy and helpful method to determine the exciton diffusion lengths of organic electron donors.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Thickness of Compact TiO2 Electron Transport Layer on the Performance of Planar CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3295
Author(s):  
Andrzej Sławek ◽  
Zbigniew Starowicz ◽  
Marek Lipiński
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer

In recent years, lead halide perovskites have attracted considerable attention from the scientific community due to their exceptional properties and fast-growing enhancement for solar energy harvesting efficiency. One of the fundamental aspects of the architecture of perovskite-based solar cells (PSCs) is the electron transport layer (ETL), which also acts as a barrier for holes. In this work, the influence of compact TiO2 ETL on the performance of planar heterojunction solar cells based on CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite was investigated. ETLs were deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates from a titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate) precursor solution using the spin-coating method with changing precursor concentration and centrifugation speed. It was found that the thickness and continuity of ETLs, investigated between 0 and 124 nm, strongly affect the photovoltaic performance of PSCs, in particular short-circuit current density (JSC). Optical and topographic properties of the compact TiO2 layers were investigated as well.

High short-circuit current density in a non-toxic Bi2S3 Quantum dot sensitized solar cell

2021 ◽  
pp. 100783
Author(s):  
Christopher Rosiles-Perez ◽  
Sirak Sidhik ◽  
Luis Ixtilico-Cortés ◽  
Fernando Robles-Montes ◽  
Tzarara López-Luke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density

scholarly journals CdTe-Based Thin Film Solar Cells: Past, Present and Future

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1684
Author(s):  
Alessandro Romeo ◽  
Elisa Artegiani
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Solar Cell Efficiency ◽  
Cell Efficiency

CdTe is a very robust and chemically stable material and for this reason its related solar cell thin film photovoltaic technology is now the only thin film technology in the first 10 top producers in the world. CdTe has an optimum band gap for the Schockley-Queisser limit and could deliver very high efficiencies as single junction device of more than 32%, with an open circuit voltage of 1 V and a short circuit current density exceeding 30 mA/cm2. CdTe solar cells were introduced at the beginning of the 70s and they have been studied and implemented particularly in the last 30 years. The strong improvement in efficiency in the last 5 years was obtained by a new redesign of the CdTe solar cell device reaching a single solar cell efficiency of 22.1% and a module efficiency of 19%. In this paper we describe the fabrication process following the history of the solar cell as it was developed in the early years up to the latest development and changes. Moreover the paper also presents future possible alternative absorbers and discusses the only apparently controversial environmental impacts of this fantastic technology.

scholarly journals Over 30% efficiency bifacial 4-terminal perovskite-heterojunction silicon tandem solar cells with spectral albedo

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangho Kim ◽  
Thanh Thuy Trinh ◽  
Jinjoo Park ◽  
Duy Phong Pham ◽  
Sunhwa Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
White Sand ◽  
Reflected Light

AbstractWe developed and designed a bifacial four-terminal perovskite (PVK)/crystalline silicon (c-Si) heterojunction (HJ) tandem solar cell configuration albedo reflection in which the c-Si HJ bottom sub-cell absorbs the solar spectrum from both the front and rear sides (reflected light from the background such as green grass, white sand, red brick, roofing shingle, snow, etc.). Using the albedo reflection and the subsequent short-circuit current density, the conversion efficiency of the PVK-filtered c-Si HJ bottom sub-cell was improved regardless of the PVK top sub-cell properties. This approach achieved a conversion efficiency exceeding 30%, which is higher than those of both the top and bottom sub-cells. Notably, this efficiency is also greater than the Schockley–Quiesser limit of the c-Si solar cell (approximately 29.43%). The proposed approach has the potential to lower industrial solar cell production costs in the near future.

scholarly journals Ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells with Ag/AlOx Passivating Back Reflector

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4268
Author(s):  
Jessica de Wild ◽  
Gizem Birant ◽  
Guy Brammertz ◽  
Marc Meuris ◽  
Jef Poortmans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Current Increase ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Cigs Solar Cells

Ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorber layers of 550 nm were grown on Ag/AlOx stacks. The addition of the stack resulted in solar cells with improved fill factor, open circuit voltage and short circuit current density. The efficiency was increased from 7% to almost 12%. Photoluminescence (PL) and time resolved PL were improved, which was attributed to the passivating properties of AlOx. A current increase of almost 2 mA/cm2 was measured, due to increased light scattering and surface roughness. With time of flight—secondary ion mass spectroscopy, the elemental profiles were measured. It was found that the Ag is incorporated through the whole CIGS layer. Secondary electron microscopic images of the Mo back revealed residuals of the Ag/AlOx stack, which was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy measurements. It is assumed to induce the increased surface roughness and scattering properties. At the front, large stains are visible for the cells with the Ag/AlOx back contact. An ammonia sulfide etching step was therefore applied on the bare absorber improving the efficiency further to 11.7%. It shows the potential of utilizing an Ag/AlOx stack at the back to improve both electrical and optical properties of ultrathin CIGS solar cells.

Enhancement of the performance of CdS/CdTe heterojunction solar cell using TiO2/ZnO bi-layer ARC and V2O5 BSF layers: A simulation approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 20901
Author(s):  
Abdul Kuddus ◽  
Md. Ferdous Rahman ◽  
Jaker Hossain ◽  
Abu Bakar Md. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Heterojunction Solar Cell ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Heterojunction Solar Cells

This article presents the role of Bi-layer anti-reflection coating (ARC) of TiO2/ZnO and back surface field (BSF) of V2O5 for improving the photovoltaic performance of Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) and Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) based heterojunction solar cells (HJSCs). The simulation was performed at different concentrations, thickness, defect densities of each active materials and working temperatures to optimize the most excellent structure and working conditions for achieving the highest cell performance using obtained optical and electrical parameters value from the experimental investigation on spin-coated CdS, CdTe, ZnO, TiO2 and V2O5 thin films deposited on the glass substrate. The simulation results reveal that the designed CdS/CdTe based heterojunction cell offers the highest efficiency, η of ∼25% with an enhanced open-circuit voltage, Voc of 0.811 V, short circuit current density, Jsc of 38.51 mA cm−2, fill factor, FF of 80% with bi-layer ARC and BSF. Moreover, it appears that the TiO2/ZnO bi-layer ARC, as well as ETL and V2O5 as BSF, could be highly promising materials of choice for CdS/CdTe based heterojunction solar cell.

Room-Temperature Wafer Bonded Multi-Junction Solar Cell Grown by Solid State Molecular Beam Epitaxy

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (43) ◽  
pp. 2907-2916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shulong Lu ◽  
Shiro Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Wafer Bonding ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
Junction Solar Cell

ABSTRACTWe studied the InGaP/GaAs//InGaAsP/InGaAs four-junction solar cells grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), which were fabricated by the novel wafer bonding. In order to reach a higher conversion efficiency at highly concentrated illumination, heat generation should be minimized. We have improved the device structure to reduce the thermal and electrical resistances. Especially, the bond resistance was reduced to be the lowest value of 2.5 × 10-5 Ohm cm2 ever reported for a GaAs/InP wafer bond, which was obtained by the specific combination of p+-GaAs/n-InP bonding and by using room-temperature wafer bonding. Furthermore, in order to increase the short circuit current density (Jsc) of 4-junction solar cell, we have developed the quality of InGaAsP material by increasing the growth temperature from 490 °C to 510 °C, which leads to a current matching. In a result, an efficiency of 42 % at 230 suns of the four-junction solar cell fabricated by room-temperature wafer bonding was achieved.

IMPROVING STABILITY OF CHLOROPHYLL AS NATURAL DYE FOR DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainal Arifin ◽  
Sudjito Soeparman ◽  
Denny Widhiyanuriyawan ◽  
Suyitno Suyitno ◽  
Argatya Tara Setyaji
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

Natural dyes have attracted much researcher’s attention due to their low-cost production, simple synthesis processes and high natural abundance. However the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based natural dyes have higher tendency to degradation. This article reports on the enhancement of performance and stability of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using natural dyes. The natural dyes were extracted from papaya leaves by ethanol solvent at a temperature of 50 °C. Then the extracted dyes were isolated and modified into Mg-chlorophyll using column chromatography. Mg-chlorophyll was then synthesized into Fe-chlorophyll to improve stability. The natural dyes were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The performance of DSSCs was tested using a solar simulator. The results showed the open-circuit voltage, the short-circuit current density, and the efficiency of the extracted papaya leaves-based DSSCs to be 325 mV, 0.36 mA/cm2, and 0.07%, respectively. Furthermore, the DSSCs with purified chlorophyll provide high open-circuit voltage of 425 mV and short-circuit current density of 0.45 mA/cm2. The use of Fe-chlorophyll for sensitizing the DSSCs increases the efficiency up to 2.5 times and the stability up to two times. The DSSCs with Fe-chlorophyll dyes provide open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, and efficiency of 500 mV, 0.62 mA/cm2, and 0.16%, respectively. Further studies to improve the current density and stability of natural dye-based DSSCs along with an improvement in the anchor between dyes and semiconducting layers are required.

scholarly journals Delineating the enhanced efficiency of carbon nanomaterials including the hierarchical architecture of the photoanode of dye-sensitized solar cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 2964-2970
Author(s):  
Venkatesan Srinivasan ◽  
Jagadeeswari Sivanadanam ◽  
Kothandaraman Ramanujam ◽  
Mariadoss Asha Jhonsi
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Hierarchical Architecture ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

The inclusion of CNMs together with TiO2 enhanced the short circuit current density by 31% and power conversion efficiency (PCE) by 46% compared to the CNM-free DSSCs.

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