Novel Microtechnology System for Cytometric Analysis of Adherent Cell Populations

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas M. Gunn ◽  
Mark Bachman ◽  
Lifeng Zheng ◽  
G.-P. Li ◽  
Edward L. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Single Cells ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Adherent Cell ◽  
Adherent Cells ◽  
Microscope Slide ◽  
Glass Microscope Slide ◽  
Glass Microscope

The increasing appreciation of tissue cellular heterogeneity and recent identification of rare cell populations within tissues that are associated with specific biological behaviors, e.g., progenitor cells, has illuminated a limitation of current technologies to study such adherent cells directly from primary tissues. The micropallet array is a recently-developed technology designed to address this limitation by virtue of its capacity to isolate and recover single adherent cells on individual micropallets [1]. Micropallet arrays consist of hundreds of thousands of microscale polymer pedestals (“micropallets”) uniformly arrayed on a glass microscope slide. The micropallets are made from a high aspect photopolymerizable polymer using photolithographic methods. Cells are applied to the arrays and fall stochastically upon its surface, with single cells adhering to individual micropallets. Cells are then analyzed in situ and single, unperturbed cells can be selected and collected from the array by releasing the underlying micropallets using a focused pulsed laser.

Hole Formation in Gold Films

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 510-511
Author(s):  
R. W. Vook ◽  
R. Cook ◽  
R. Ziemer
Keyword(s):  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Quartz Crystal ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Gold Films ◽  
Hole Density ◽  
Hole Formation ◽  
Microscope Slide ◽  
Crystal Film ◽  
Glass Microscope Slide ◽  
Glass Microscope

During recent experiments on Au films, a qualitative correlation between hole formation and deposition rate was observed. These early studies were concerned with films 80 to 1000A thick deposited on glass at -185°C and annealed at 170°C. In the present studies this earlier work was made quantitative. Deposition rates varying between 5 and 700 A/min were used. The effects of deposition rate on hole density for two films 300 and 700A thick were investigated.Au was evaporated from an outgassed W filament located 10 cm from a glass microscope slide substrate and a quartz crystal film thickness monitor. A shutter separating the filament from the substrate and monitor made it possible to obtain a constant evaporation rate before initiating deposition. The pressure was reduced to less than 1 x 10-6 torr prior to cooling the substrate with liquid nitrogen. The substrate was cooled in 15 minutes during which the pressure continued to drop to the mid 10-7 torr range, where deposition was begun.

Inactivation of Surface-adherent Listeria monocytogenes Hypochlorite and Heat

1991 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHIN-HO LEE ◽  
JOSEPH F. FRANK
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Adherent Cell ◽  
Adherent Cells ◽  
D Cells

Inactivation by hypochlorite of Listeria monocytogenes cells adherent to stainless steel was determined. Adherent cell populations were prepared by incubating stainless steel slides with a 24 h culture of L. monocytogenes for 4 h at 21°C. Adherent microcolonies were prepared by growing L. monocytogenes on stainless steel slides submerged in a 1:15 dilution of tryptic soy broth at 21°C. The slides were then rinsed and transferred to fresh sterile broth every 2 d with a total incubation time of 8 d. Although the 4 h and 8 d adherent populations were at similar levels, 8 d adherent cells were over 100 times more resistant than the 4 h adherent cell population when exposed to 200 ppm hypochlorite for 30 s. When stainless steel slides containing adherent cells were heated at 72°C both adherent cell populations were inactivated after 1 min. Detectable numbers of L. monocytogenes remained on stainless steel slides after treatment at 65°C for 3 min when adherent 8 d cells were tested but not when adherent 4 h cells were used.

Droplet Spray Ionization from a Glass Microscope Slide: Real-Time Monitoring of Ethylene Polymerization

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (16) ◽  
pp. 8057-8062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Jiang ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Maria T. Dulay ◽  
Andrew J. Ingram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Ethylene Polymerization ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Microscope Slide ◽  
Droplet Spray ◽  
Glass Microscope Slide ◽  
Glass Microscope

Planar Waveguide Genetic Assay Readout Device

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Wulfman ◽  
Tracey L. Baas ◽  
Ronald C. McGlennen
Keyword(s):  
Planar Waveguide ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Glass Slide ◽  
Microscope Slide ◽  
Excitation Light ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Glass Microscope Slide ◽  
Glass Microscope ◽  
Genetic Assay

A planar waveguide (PWG) device has been developed for the detection of fluorescently labeled nucleic acid sequences immobilized or hybridized to the surface of a planar waveguide. Unlike current technologies requiring image gathering and reading capabilities or specially textured waveguide surfaces, this instrument uses simple glass slide based arrays, providing a numerical output in proportion to the fluorescent intensity recorded. The system consists of an optical waveguide (a glass microscope slide), an excitation light source, a photo detector, filters for select fluorescent emissions and the positioning array cassette. A data analysis algorithm is presented for interpretation of two dimensionally organized arrays. Based on our experimental evaluations we conclude that this sensing system shows promise as a simple and effective means to read fluorescent microarrays.

scholarly journals Experimental and Bioinformatic Approaches to Studying DNA Methylation in Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Angelika Merkel ◽  
Manel Esteller
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Epigenetic Mark ◽  
Bioinformatic Approaches

DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic mark. Alterations of normal DNA methylation are a defining feature of cancer. Here, we review experimental and bioinformatic approaches to showcase the breadth and depth of information that this epigenetic mark provides for cancer research. First, we describe classical approaches for interrogating bulk DNA from cell populations as well as more recently developed approaches for single cells and multi-Omics. Second, we focus on the computational analysis from primary data processing to the identification of unique methylation signatures. Additionally, we discuss challenges such as sparse data and cellular heterogeneity.

scholarly journals II.—Nathorst's use of Collodion Imprints in the Study of Fossil Plants

1907 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 437-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Bathee
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Microscope Slide ◽  
Cover Slip ◽  
Sharp Knife ◽  
Glass Microscope Slide ◽  
Glass Microscope

The following note is based on two papers by Professor A. G. Nathorst and on further details which he has kindly communicated by letter. For the loan of the block (Fig. 1) thanks are due to Dr. H. Munthe, Secretary of Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm.By the term ‘collodion imprint’ is meant the impression of any surface on a thin film of collodion. Such an impression is obtained by letting a drop or two of collodion dissolved in ether fall on the surface to be copied. The ether evaporates rapidly, so that in two or three minutes the film is hard. If it does not of its own accord come loose at the corners, it is easily raised by a needle or sharp knife. It is then lifted on to a glass microscope-slide and preserved dry under a cover-slip held in position by gummed strips of paper or by Canada balsam. When the imprint is very sharp, the film can, if desired, be preserved in glycerine-jelly without its distinctness being greatly affected. Some films may be less successful than others, and some may curl too much, so that it is as well to take more than one imprint. In any case it is advisable to throw away the first made, since it usually retains some dust from the surface of the object, whereas following films will be free from this. If the collodion solution is too thick it may be thinned by the addition of ether or of ether and alcohol.

scholarly journals Magnetic levitation of single cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (28) ◽  
pp. E3661-E3668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naside Gozde Durmus ◽  
H. Cumhur Tekin ◽  
Sinan Guven ◽  
Kaushik Sridhar ◽  
Ahu Arslan Yildiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Levitation ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell ◽  
Cellular Density ◽  
Cellular Events

Several cellular events cause permanent or transient changes in inherent magnetic and density properties of cells. Characterizing these changes in cell populations is crucial to understand cellular heterogeneity in cancer, immune response, infectious diseases, drug resistance, and evolution. Although magnetic levitation has previously been used for macroscale objects, its use in life sciences has been hindered by the inability to levitate microscale objects and by the toxicity of metal salts previously applied for levitation. Here, we use magnetic levitation principles for biological characterization and monitoring of cells and cellular events. We demonstrate that each cell type (i.e., cancer, blood, bacteria, and yeast) has a characteristic levitation profile, which we distinguish at an unprecedented resolution of 1 × 10−4g⋅mL−1. We have identified unique differences in levitation and density blueprints between breast, esophageal, colorectal, and nonsmall cell lung cancer cell lines, as well as heterogeneity within these seemingly homogenous cell populations. Furthermore, we demonstrate that changes in cellular density and levitation profiles can be monitored in real time at single-cell resolution, allowing quantification of heterogeneous temporal responses of each cell to environmental stressors. These data establish density as a powerful biomarker for investigating living systems and their responses. Thereby, our method enables rapid, density-based imaging and profiling of single cells with intriguing applications, such as label-free identification and monitoring of heterogeneous biological changes under various physiological conditions, including antibiotic or cancer treatment in personalized medicine.

Sequence Specific Force Curves Measured by Mechanically Opening the DNA Double Helix

1997 ◽  
Vol 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Bockelmann ◽  
B. Essevaz-Roulet ◽  
F. Heslot
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Microscope Slide ◽  
Characteristic Variation ◽  
Force Curves ◽  
Dna Double Helix ◽  
Glass Microscope Slide ◽  
Glass Microscope

AbstractUsing techniques of molecular biology, we have designed a molecular construction which allows to attach the two complementary strands of one end of a single molecule of bacteriophage λ DNA separately to a glass microscope slide and a microscopic bead. A soft microneedle acting as a force sensor is chemically attached to the bead and its deflection is measured by an optical microscope. Keeping the base of the force lever fixed, the glass slide is displaced slowly, leading to a progressive opening of the double helix. The force measured during the opening process shows a characteristic variation which is related to the sequence of the bases along the DNA molecule. We present a brief summary of the present state of our work.

A non-fatal method of sex determination for patellacean gastropods

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Wright ◽  
D. R. lindberg
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypodermic Needle ◽  
Microscope Slide ◽  
Posterior Portion ◽  
Sudden Decrease ◽  
Reproductive Cycles ◽  
Glass Microscope Slide ◽  
Glass Microscope

During our studies of the reproductive cycles in limpets (family Acmaeidae) we have been confronted by the lack of a method to determine sex without killing the animals. Previous studies have relied upon dissection or histological sectioning to determine sex. This note describes a technique which allows the determination of sex in patellacean limpets without killing the animal.The tools needed are a syringe (1 cc) with a hypodermic needle (we have found that a 26 gauge, 16 mm needle works well with specimens larger than 10 mm in length), and a glass microscope slide. After removing the limpet from the substratum the shell is held with the aperture down. As the animal extends its foot downward it exposes and stretches the sides of the body wall. When the posterior portion of the body wall is fully exposed the needle is inserted approximately one third of the way up the body wall towards the shell attachment muscle. The orientation of the needle should be in line with the plane of the aperture. Penetration of the gonad can be felt by a ‘breaking through’ or sudden decrease in resistance to the progress of the needle. Care should be taken to avoid penetrating further than necessary because other organs can be easily damaged. Drawing the sample requires more force and time (approximately 10 s) than one would expect. When withdrawing the needle constant tension on the syringe plunger is necessary to keep the sample in the needle. The contents of the needle are then emptied on to the glass slide.

scholarly journals The Dip-Slide: a modified dip-inoculum transport medium for the laboratory diagnosis of infections of the urinary tract

1967 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. E. Naylor ◽  
Dennis Guttmann
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Microscope Slide ◽  
Bacterial Concentration ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Specimens ◽  
Glass Microscope Slide ◽  
Glass Microscope ◽  
Fresh Urine

The dip-slide, consisting of a glass microscope slide coated with nutrient medium and inoculated by dipping in freshly voided urine, provides a simple measure of the bacterial concentration in fresh urine. This is a useful supplement to the usual microscopy and culture of urine in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections in general practice, when specimens cannot be delivered to a laboratory within several hours of collection, particularly when urine specimens have to travel by post. Dip-slides are also useful as the sole test in screening for symptomless bacteriuria.

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