A PHIGS-Based Graphics Input Interface for Spatial Mechanism Design

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Thatch ◽  
A. Myklebust
Keyword(s):  
Data Entry ◽  
Interactive Graphics ◽  
Mechanism Synthesis ◽  
Spatial Mechanism ◽  
Input Interface ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Spatial Mechanisms ◽  
Six Dof ◽  
Device Independence ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Creation of input specifications for synthesis or analysis of spatial mechanisms can be a significant problem. A graphics preprocessor which interactively assists in the definition of spatial mechanism problems is described. New methods of depth cucing and six DOF data entry are presented. To achieve graphics device-independence, the proposed graphics standard PHIGS (Programmer’s Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System) is used. Examples of application are presented including generation of input commands for Integrated Mechanisms Program (IMP) and generation of input for spatial mechanism synthesis routines.

New Approach for Spatial Mechanism Synthesis with the C-S Binary Crank by Adaptive Saddle-Fitting

2012 ◽  
Vol 215-216 ◽  
pp. 212-216
Author(s):  
Zu Guang Shi ◽  
Shu Fen Wang ◽  
Yu Guang Li
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Saddle Point ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Surface Fitting ◽  
Cylinder Surface ◽  
Surface Point ◽  
Mechanism Synthesis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Spatial Mechanism ◽  
Definition Of

The new approach for approximately synthetically spatial C-S Binary with adapt saddle-fitting is presented, given the definition of adapt saddle-fitting cylinder surface and approximate cylinder surface point, constructed unified mathematical model of adapt saddle-fitting cylinder surface fitting of spatial curve and unified error standard . It is solved by saddle-point programming. The example shows optimization methods are effective and global convergent.

On the shaft locations of two contra-rotating counterweights for balancing spatial mechanisms

1997 ◽  
Vol 211 (8) ◽  
pp. 567-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
S-T Chiou ◽  
J-C Tzou
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Spatial Mechanism ◽  
Spatial Mechanisms ◽  
Crank Mechanism ◽  
Frequency Term ◽  
Shaking Moment

It has been shown in a previous work that a frequency term of the shaking force of spatial mechanisms, whose hodograph is proved to be an ellipse, can be eliminated by a pair of contrarotating counterweights. In this work, it is found that the relevant frequency term of the shaking moment is minimized if the balancing shafts are coaxial at the centre of a family of ellipsoids, called isomomental ellipsoids, with respect to (w.r.t.) any point on an ellipsoid, as is also the root mean square (r.m.s.) of the relevant frequency term of the shaking moment. It can also be minimized even though the location of either shaft, but not both, is chosen arbitrarily on a plane. The location of the second shaft is then determinate. In order to locate the centre, a derivation for the theory of isomomental ellipsoids of a frequency term of the shaking moment of spatial mechanisms is given. It is shown that the r.m.s. of a frequency term shaking moment of a spatial mechanism w.r.t. the concentric centre of the isomomental ellipsoids is the minimum. Examples of a seven-link 7-R spatial linkage and a spatial slider-crank mechanism are included.

A Decision Support System for Containership Stowage Planning

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
D. J. Saginaw ◽  
A. N. Perakis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Interactive Graphics ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
Automate Data ◽  
Plan Generation ◽  
Stowage Planning ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Stowage Plan

The results of a project intending to design and develop a microcomputer-based, interactive graphics decision support system for containership stowage planning are presented. The objective was to create a working prototype that would automate data management tasks and provide computational capabilities to allow the stowage planner to continuously assess vessel trim, stability, and strength characteristics. The paper provides a complete description of the decision support system developed to meet this objective, including a definition of the containership stowage problem, and details on the design and development of the Automated Stowage Plan Generation Routine (ASPGR). The paper concludes with a discussion of issues relevant to the implementation of the system in the maritime industry.

Kinematic Analysis of Spatial Mechanisms by Means of Screw Coordinates. Part 2—Analysis of Spatial Mechanisms

1971 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. C. Yuan ◽  
F. Freudenstein ◽  
L. S. Woo
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Static Force ◽  
Single Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Spatial Mechanism ◽  
Single Degree ◽  
Spatial Mechanisms ◽  
Torque Analysis ◽  
Basic Concepts

The basic concepts of screw coordinates described in Part I are applied to the numerical kinematic analysis of spatial mechanisms. The techniques are illustrated with reference to the displacement, velocity, and static-force-and-torque analysis of a general, single-degree-of-freedom spatial mechanism: a seven-link mechanism with screw pairs (H)7. By specialization the associated computer program is capable of analyzing many other single-loop spatial mechanisms. Numerical examples illustrate the results.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL AGE AS A METHOD FOR ESTIMATING HEALTH LEVEL UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 761-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. Prokhorov ◽  
V. I. Dontsov ◽  
Vyacheslav N. Krutko ◽  
T. M. Khodykina
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Biomarkers Of Aging ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Definition Of

The widespread formation of unfavorable environmental, the swiftness of modern life with large information and psycho-emotional loads and extremely natural and climatic cataclysms, as well as harmful addictions and wrong way of life of modern human, lead to the development of stress and disruption of the mechanisms of adaptation of the human body and its accelerated wear. This stimulates the development of research on the creation of new methods of integrated assessment of health and quantitative assessment of the aging processes of the body systems and the whole body, as well as the possibilities of new methods of risk assessment of climatic and environmentally related pathological and age-related diseases. The aim of the work was to consider the methodology of quantitative assessment of individual health and the rate of aging of the human body on the basis of the system index of Biological age (BA); description of its essence and structure, requirements for tests - biomarkers of aging used as the index of BA, definition of possibilities and scope of application of the BA method in modern practice of Biomedicine. The use of modern methods of scientific analysis - a systematic approach to the analysis of the processes of human aging and determine its quantitative side - the value of BA, allows a reasonable approach to the choice of the number of BM, to take into account their information content and precision, and the cost of diagnostics and availability for different users, to take into account the specific objectives of the researcher. The use of the index-partial BA allows individual approaching the choice of biomarkers and create personalized panels for the definition of BA programs for the prevention of aging in personalized preventive medicine. The complexity of the content and calculation of indices of BA requires automation and the use of methods of modern computer science and computer calculations and programs. For this purpose, we have created special computer software for diagnosing aging by calculating the BA indices with the possibility of choosing BM and automatic calculation of indicators and conclusions.

Identification of principal screws of two- and three-screw systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (12) ◽  
pp. 1701-1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
J-S Zhao ◽  
F Chu ◽  
Z-J Feng
Keyword(s):  
Screw Theory ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Partial Derivatives ◽  
Spatial Mechanisms ◽  
Analysis Theory ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Homogeneous Linear

The current paper proposes a unified analytical methodology to identify the principal screws of two- and three-screw systems. Based on the definition of the pitch of a screw, it first obtains an identical homogeneous quadric equation. According to functional analysis theory, it is known that the partial derivatives of an identical quadric equation with respect to its variables must be zero. Therefore, the paper deduces a set of linear homogeneous equations that are made up of the partial derivatives of the quadric equation. With the existing criteria of non-zero solutions for homogeneous linear algebra equations, it ultimately obtains the formulas of the principal pitches and the associated principal screws of the system. The most outstanding contribution of this methodology is that it proposes a unified analytical approach to identify the principal pitches and the principal coordinate systems of the second-order and the third-order screw systems. This should be a new contribution to the screw theory and will boost its applications to the kinematics analysis of robots and spatial mechanisms.

Integrated Kinematic and Dynamic Optimal Synthesis of Spatial Mechanisms

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Kakatsios ◽  
S. J. Tricamo
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Programming ◽  
Simultaneous Optimization ◽  
Programming Formulation ◽  
Joint Torques ◽  
Spatial Mechanism ◽  
Spatial Mechanisms ◽  
Structural Error ◽  
Integrated Technique ◽  
Driving Torque ◽  
Shaking Moment

Abstract A novel integrated technique permitting the simultaneous optimization of kinematic and dynamic characteristics in the synthesis of spatial mechanisms is shown. The nonlinear programming formulation determines mechanism variables which simultaneously minimize the maximum values of bearing reactions, joint torques, driving torque, shaking moment, and shaking force while constraining the maximum kinematic structural error to a prescribed bound. The method is applied to the design of a path generating RRSS spatial mechanism with prescribed input link timing. Dynamic reactions in the mechanisms synthesized using the integrated technique were substantially reduced when compared to those of a mechanism synthesized to satisfy only the specified kinematic conditions.

Peripersonal space

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
Frédérique de Vignemont ◽  
Andrea Serino ◽  
Hong Yu Wong ◽  
Alessandro Farnè
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Peripersonal Space ◽  
Impact Prediction ◽  
New Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
Affective Perception ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Way

Research in cognitive neuroscience indicates that we process the space surrounding our body in a specific way, both for protecting our body from immediate danger and for interacting with the environment. This research has direct implications for philosophical issues as diverse as self-location, sensorimotor theories of perception, and affective perception. This chapter briefly describes the overall directions that some of these discussions might take. But, beforehand, it is important to fully grasp what the notion of peripersonal space involves. One of the most difficult questions that the field has had to face these past 30 years is to define peripersonal space. Although it bears some relations to the social notion of personal space, to the sensorimotor notion of reaching space and to the spatial notion of egocentric space, there is something unique about peripersonal space and the special way we represent it. One of the main challenges is thus to offer a satisfactory definition of peripersonal space that is specific enough to account for its peculiar spatial, multisensory, plastic, and motor properties. Emphasis can be put on perception or on action, but also on impact prediction or defence preparation. However, each new definition brings with it new methods to experimentally investigate peripersonal space. There is then the risk of losing the unity of the notion of peripersonal space within this multiplicity of conceptions and methods. This chapter offers an overview of the key notions in the field, the way they have been operationalized, and the questions they leave open.

scholarly journals A comparison of mechanistic signaling pathway activity analysis methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1655-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Amadoz ◽  
Marta R Hidalgo ◽  
Cankut Çubuk ◽  
José Carbonell-Caballero ◽  
Joaquín Dopazo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activity ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Pathway Activity ◽  
Pathway Enrichment ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Mechanistic Pathway ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cell Functionality ◽  
Modular Nature

Abstract Understanding the aspects of cell functionality that account for disease mechanisms or drug modes of action is a main challenge for precision medicine. Classical gene-based approaches ignore the modular nature of most human traits, whereas conventional pathway enrichment approaches produce only illustrative results of limited practical utility. Recently, a family of new methods has emerged that change the focus from the whole pathways to the definition of elementary subpathways within them that have any mechanistic significance and to the study of their activities. Thus, mechanistic pathway activity (MPA) methods constitute a new paradigm that allows recoding poorly informative genomic measurements into cell activity quantitative values and relate them to phenotypes. Here we provide a review on the MPA methods available and explain their contribution to systems medicine approaches for addressing challenges in the diagnostic and treatment of complex diseases.

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