Surface Temperature Calculation and its Application for the Surface Fatigue Strength Evaluation of Rollers

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Deng ◽  
Tsutomu Nakanishi ◽  
Hironori Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Strength Evaluation ◽  
Rolling Velocity ◽  
Temperature Calculation ◽  
Surface Fatigue

Abstract Surface temperature is resulted by not only the load and dimension at the contact point but also the sliding velocity, rolling velocity, surface roughness, lubrication condition and etc. So, the surface fatigue strength of such as roller and gear may be evaluated more exactly and simply by use of the surface temperature or an index including the surface temperature than the Hertzian stress. In this research, the surface temperatures of rollers in different rolling and sliding conditions were measured with a thermocouple. The effects of the load P, mean velocity Vm and sliding velocity Vs on the surface temperature are clarified. An experimental formula, which expresses a linear relationship between the surface temperature and the P0.86Vs1.31Vm−0.83 value, is presented to calculate the surface temperature. This formula is also confirmed available for the gear tooth surface temperature calculation by comparison of calculated temperature and the measured temperature on the gear tooth surface. The relationship between the surface temperature and the number of load cycles of rollers are investigated, the necessity and rationality of the surface fatigue strength evaluation considering the surface temperature are discussed.

Surface Temperature Calculation and its Application to Surface Fatigue Strength Evaluation

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Deng ◽  
Tsutomu Nakanishi ◽  
Masana Kato
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Surface Strength ◽  
Temperature Index ◽  
Strength Evaluation ◽  
Surface Temperatures

In recent years, power transmission gears for vehicles run at higher speeds and loads and are accompanied by very high surface temperatures. Under such a high surface temperature condition, the surface strength cannot be evaluated correctly only by the use of Hertzian stress. This research attempts to introduce a new surface strength evaluation method considering the surface temperature rise. First, the surface temperatures of rollers under different rolling and sliding conditions are measured using a thermocouple. The effects of load P, mean tangential velocity Vm and sliding velocity Vs on surface temperature are investigated and analyzed. Then, an experimental equation is presented which shows the linear relationship between surface temperature and GRP0.86Vs1.31Vm−0.83 value. Based on the comparisons between calculated and measured tooth surface temperatures, this equation is confirmed applicable to gear tooth surface temperature evaluation as well. A surface temperature index is proposed for surface strength evaluation. The relationship between the surface temperature index and the number of load cycles of the rollers is investigated. The results indicate the possibility to evaluate the surface strength based on the surface temperature.

Tooth Surface Fatigue Strength of Normalized Steel Conical Involute Gears

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Ohmachi ◽  
Koji Iizuka ◽  
Hidenori Komatsubara ◽  
Ken-ichi Mitome
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Hertzian Contact ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Paper Test ◽  
Surface Fatigue ◽  
Involute Gears ◽  
Conical Gears ◽  
Hertzian Contact Stress

Abstract The tooth surface fatigue strength of the conical involute gear is evaluated in this paper. Test gears are straight intersecting-axis conical gears. The material of the test gear is normalized steel. The power circulating testing machine is used in this experiment. The circulating torque is kept constant and the number of times of contact is 107. The tooth surface life is evaluated by the pitting area rate. The critical value of the circulating torque is found between 147 N·m and 157 N·m. For critical torque, the pitting area rate does not progress over 4%. The Hertzian contact stress of the test gear is calculated at the circulating torque. The contact stress should be evaluated in consideration of the wearing effects.

The Effect of Lubricants on Gear Tooth Surface Fatigue

1958 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. F. Davidson ◽  
P. M. Ku
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Surface Fatigue

Surface Fatigue Strength of Carburized Gear Material for Long Fatigue Lives Based on Reliability Evaluation

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Hsu ◽  
H. Y. Cheng ◽  
K. C. Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Surface Fatigue ◽  
Surface Durability ◽  
Specific Material ◽  
Carburized Gear ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract The study used a fatigue test model to investigate the surface fatigue strength of a specific carburized gear material, i.e. AISI 4118. A set of test specimens is designated to simulate the mechanics of gear tooth meshing. A friction, wear, and tribological tester is used to conduct the surface contact stress generated between the test specimens. The surface fatigue lives of the test specimens under different levels of contact stresses have been detected. Based on the maximum likelihood method proposed by Ling and Pan, the R-S-N curves of the surface durability of the specific material have been established using the experimental data of the fatigue test. Especially the fatigue strength for long fatigue lives at required reliability can be estimated.

Contact Analysis of Tooth Surface in Gear Meshing Based on Infrared Ray Imagery

2013 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 563-572
Author(s):  
Kouji Nakajima ◽  
Toshiki Hirogaki ◽  
Eiichi Aoyama ◽  
Masaki Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Geometrical Theory ◽  
Hypoid Gear ◽  
Surface Accuracy ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Red Lead ◽  
Improving Accuracy

Improving accuracy ofthe gear tooth surface has become an important challenge, because the toothsurface accuracy greatly influences vibration of gears. However, for the spiralbevel gear, the tooth surface accuracy is considered to be very difficult toevaluate because the geometrical theory is difficult. Generally, the managementof tooth surface accuracy has conventionally been substituted by the toothsurface contact evaluation with red lead, which is a kind of paint. However,the results of visual examinations are too subjective. We therefore focused onthe infrared ray imagery to investigate the gear tooth meshing. In this research,a high response infrared thermography was used to estimate the tooth contact ofa hypoid gear under running conditions. Specifically, we looked at the increasein temperature on the tooth surface caused by gear meshing. The results clearlyshowed that the temperature was affected by load, sliding speed between toothsurfaces, and the average peripheral speed of tooth surface. We also proposedan equation that predicts tooth surface temperature rise and showed its utility.Thus, the proposed method effectively evaluates the tooth surface accuracy ofhypoid gear.

Analysis of Micro-Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication and Prediction of Surface Fatigue Damage in Micropitting Tests on Helical Gears

2012 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Evans ◽  
R. W. Snidle ◽  
K. J. Sharif ◽  
B. A. Shaw ◽  
J. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Damage Accumulation ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Asperity Contact ◽  
Surface Fatigue ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Surface Profiles ◽  
Alternative Processes

The paper describes results obtained from the micro-elastohydrodynamic lubrication (micro-EHL) modeling of the gear tooth contacts used in micropitting tests together with a contact fatigue and damage accumulation analysis of the surfaces involved. Tooth surface profiles were acquired from pairs of helical test gears and micro-EHL simulations were performed corresponding to surfaces that actually came into contact during the meshing cycle. Plane strain fatigue and damage accumulation analysis shows that the predicted damage is concentrated close to the tooth surfaces and this supports the view that micropitting arises from fatigue at the asperity contact level. A comparison of the micropitting performance of gears finish-ground by two alternative processes (generation-grinding and form-grinding) suggests that 3D “waviness” may be an important factor in explaining their different micropitting behavior.

Analysis of Tooth Surface Temperature Field and the Influencing Factors of Face Gear Driven

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 1405-1411
Author(s):  
Guo Qi He ◽  
Hong Zhi Yan ◽  
Wei Hu ◽  
Tao Liang Shu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Face Gear ◽  
Friction Heating ◽  
The Face ◽  
Instantaneous Temperature ◽  
Measurement Experiment ◽  
Gear Contact ◽  
Surface Temperature Field

According to the theory of heat transfer, it analyzed the calculating method of tooth friction heating in the process of face gear tooth meshing. It emulational analyzes the thermal coupling of the face gear with ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and extracts the state of each engaged positions in the meshing process, emulate the temperature distribution & temperature changing trends in the process of face gear tooth meshing. Through the temperature measurement experiment the face gear contact, it verifies the correctness of the emulation results. Simultaneously, it also analyzes the influence to the surface temperature of face gear of rotation and load, In the case of other conditions remain unchanged, low-speed is an effective way to prevent instantaneous temperature rise.

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