Off-Road Tire-Soil Modeling Using Finite Element Analysis Technique

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Slade ◽  
Moustafa El-Gindy ◽  
Ryan Lescoe ◽  
Fredrik O¨ijer ◽  
Mukesh Trivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Published Data ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Rigid Ring ◽  
Dense Sand ◽  
Ring Model ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Wheel Model ◽  
Soil Flow

A new rigid ring model with additional parameters was developed to model an off-road tire running on soil. In order to create this new rigid ring model, an FEA off-road truck tire was created and used to determine the in-plane and out-of-plane parameters for a tire running on soil. The soil, dense sand in this case, was modeled as an elastic-plastic solid with material properties obtained from published data. The longitudinal forces and the normal stress and shear stress distributions in the soil are compared with published data as preliminary validation. The general trends of soil flow from a rigid wheel model running on soil were used to validate the soil model. In addition, a model of a standard circular plate was used to determine the vertical pressure-sinkage curves and then these simulations were compared with available published measured data.

Prediction of Out-of-Plane Rigid Ring Truck Tire Model Parameters Over Flooded Surface Using FEA-SPH Techniques

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab El-Sayegh ◽  
Moustafa El-Gindy ◽  
Inge Johansson ◽  
Fredrik Öijer
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Rigid Ring ◽  
Ring Model ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Out Of Plane

Abstract This paper focuses on predicting the out-of-plane rigid ring model parameters of an off-road truck tire running over a flooded surface. The truck tire size 315/80R22.5 used in this study is modeled using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) technique and validated in static and dynamic responses. The flooded surface is modeled using Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) technique and Murnaghan equation of state. The contact between the truck tire and a flooded surface is defined using node-symmetric node-to segment contact with edge treatment algorithm. The out-of-plane rigid ring tire model parameters include the lateral stiffness, cornering stiffness, self-aligning moment stiffness, and relaxation length. The out-of-plane rigid ring model parameters are computed at different operating conditions including various inflation pressures, vertical loads and water depth. The effect of the previously mentioned operating conditions on the tire-flooded surface interaction is examined and investigated.

Development of In-Plane Truck Tire-Flooded Surface Interaction Models Using FEA-SPH Techniques

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab El-Sayegh ◽  
Moustafa El-Gindy ◽  
Inge Johansson ◽  
Fredrik Öijer
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle

The performance of a vehicle highly depends on the tire-terrain interaction characteristics. The terrain on which a vehicle operates can vary dramatically. This paper focuses on the evaluation of an in-plane truck tire performance running over the flooded surface. The truck tire is modeled using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) technique and validated against measured data. The water is modeled using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), which includes water material properties. The tire-terrain interaction algorithm is defined using node-symmetric node-to-segment contact with edge treatment. The performance characteristics of the interaction include the rolling resistance coefficient, vertical, longitudinal tread and longitudinal tire stiffnesses. The simulations are repeated for several operating conditions such as inflation pressure, applied vertical load, and water depth. The flooded surface results are compared with previously published data. This work will be extended to include the prediction of the full in-plane and out-of-plane rigid ring tire model parameters while the tire is operating under various conditions.

Three-dimensional vibration of a ring with a noncircular cross-section on an elastic foundation

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (13) ◽  
pp. 2381-2393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Liu ◽  
Fuqiang Zhou ◽  
Christian Oertel ◽  
Yintao Wei
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Foundation ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Theoretical Formula ◽  
Variation Principle ◽  
Displacement Fields ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Noncircular Cross Section ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Out Of Plane

The three-dimensional dynamic equations of a ring with a noncircular cross-section on an elastic foundation are obtained using the Hamilton variation principle. In contrast to the previous rings on elastic foundation model, the developed model incorporates both the in-plane and out-of-plane bend and the out-of-plane torsion in displacement fields. The errors in the derivation of the initial stress and the work of the internal pressure in previous rings on elastic foundation models have been corrected. The mode expansion was used to obtain the analytical solution of the natural frequency. The initial motivation is to develop a theoretical model for car tire dynamics. Therefore, to validate the proposed model, the in-plane and out-of-plane vibrations of a truck tire have been analyzed using the proposed method. To further verify the accuracy of the model, the results of the theoretical formula are compared with the finite element analysis and modal test, and good agreement can be found.

In-Plane and Out-of-Plane Dynamic Response Predictions of a Truck Tire Using Detailed Finite Element and Rigid Ring Models

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seokyong Chae ◽  
Fredrik O¨ijer ◽  
Mustafa El-Gindy ◽  
Mukesh Trivedi ◽  
Inge Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Rigid Ring ◽  
Fea Model ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Tire Models

A detailed nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) model of a radial-ply truck tire, 295/75R22.5, has been developed using explicit FEA simulation software, PAM-SHOCK. For the validation of the model, the tire model predictions of contact patch area, vertical stiffness, and cornering characteristics, such as cornering force and aligning moment versus slip angle, at different vertical loads are in good agreement with available physical measurements. For complete vehicle simulations, a simplified rigid ring tire model is required for efficient analysis throughput. The behavior of such a tire model can be verified and improved by comparing responses with the developed FEA model. Moreover, the in-plane and out-of-plane tire parameters needed for the simplified rigid ring tire model could be virtually determined at various vertical loads by testing the FEA tire model instead of performing expensive tire parameters measurements. The in-plane and out-of-plane tire parameters are implemented into a simplified rigid ring tire model to perform durability tests. The durability tests are conducted to examine dynamic behaviors by using the FEA truck tire and the rigid ring tire models during running on a water drainage ditch at various vertical tire loads. The ditch is 12.0-cm (4.72-in) deep and lies in 45-degree angle against tire traveling direction. The dynamic responses such as vertical displacement, forces, and moments at tire center are predicted using both tire models. The results obtained from both models are in reasonable agreement.

Out-of-Plane Bending Moment-Induced Hotspot Stress Evaluation Using Advanced Numerical Technique

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-bin Lee ◽  
Weoncheol Koo ◽  
Joonmo Choung
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Empirical Formulas ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Plane Bending ◽  
Hotspot Stress

There have been various studies to predict out-of-plane bending (OPB) moment-induced stresses in mooring chain links. Recently, the BV guideline as one of the deliverables from OPB JIP reported empirical formulas to predict the nominal OPB moment-induced stress with suitable concentration factors (SCFs) so that prediction of the OPB moment-induced hotspot stresses can be available. A non-linear finite element analysis technique has been developed to more accurately estimate the OPB moment-induced hotspot stress. There has been no choice but to apply prescribed rotation to generate the OPB moment in this numerical technique (existing approach). Pointing out some disadvantages in the BV guideline and existing approach, an advanced numerical was proposed to simulate more realistic tension-induced OPB mechanism. In the present paper, basic differences were presented in terms of numerical simulation techniques, nominal OPB moments, and hotspot OPB stresses. In order to show differences of the stress distributions and the hotspot OPB stresses between existing and advanced approaches, a benchmark chain link model was constructed in which the nominal diameter was 107mm. From the comparison of stress distributions in straight parts of the link, significant differences were found between the existing and advanced approaches. The existing approach more developed the compressive stresses due to the prescribed rotation-induced OPB moment than the advanced approach. This also led to more increased hotspot OPB moments.

The Friction Model of Dynamic-Wheel Model Based on LuGre Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 4288-4292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin Guan ◽  
Chun Guang Duan ◽  
Ping Ping Lu
Keyword(s):  
Model Simulation ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Rigid Ring ◽  
Ring Model ◽  
Wheel Model ◽  
Tire Forces ◽  
And Control

With the development of the simulator and the increase of vehicle model simulation frequency, the ring tire models become the research focus. The ring model considers the physical characteristics of the tire, thus it can more accurately describe the tire force transmission. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control of Jilin University has developed a dynamic wheel model. This model takes the tire crown part as a rigid-ring and describes the elasticity of the tire by using six spring-dampers to connect the rigid-ring with the wheel rim. This paper focuses on the logical judgment of dynamic, static friction between tire and road. Based on the logical analysis, the tire forces at transient process are researched in order to avoid oscillation. Based on the C language to build simulation program, and embed it into complex vehicle model to simulate different conditions, the simulation results show that the vehicle can start smoothly.

Predictions of Tire-Terrain Interaction Using Finite Element Analysis Models

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Allen ◽  
Brent Shoffner ◽  
Fredrik O¨ijer ◽  
Moustafa El-Gindy ◽  
Mukesh Trivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Preliminary Validation ◽  
Hard Soil ◽  
Analysis Models

Simplified Finite Element Analysis (FEA) truck tire models are developed and used to examine the interaction between the tire and various types of terrain. Soft terrain such as hard soil and dry sand is modeled using solid, elastic-plastic elements. The general trends of vertical and longitudinal forces and normal and shear stress distributions in the soft soil are compared with published data for preliminary validation. The cornering characteristics on both rigid and soft soil terrains are also predicted and compared. Additionally, a detailed FEA truck tire is introduced as the next phase of this work.

scholarly journals Durability prediction of an ultra-large mining truck tire using an enhanced finite element method

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wedam Nyaaba ◽  
Emmanuel O Bolarinwa ◽  
Samuel Frimpong
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Crack Nucleation ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Plane Analysis ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Durability Prediction

Ultra-class mining trucks used for material haulage in rugged surface mining terrains experience premature tire fatigue failure in operation. Typical failures include belt edge separation, ply turn-up separation, and tread base and sidewall cracking. The use of reinforcing fillers and processing aids in tire compounds result in the formation of microstructural in-homogeneities in the compounds. This article presents an application of the critical plane analysis technique for predicting the fatigue life of the belt package of an ultra-large mining truck (CAT 795F) tire of size 56/80R63 in a surface coal mine. Experimental data obtained from extracted specimens (sidewall, tread, and belt edge region) of the tire are used to characterize the stress–strain and fatigue behavior of the modeled tire. The tire’s duty cycle stresses and strains were obtained from finite element analysis of the rolling tire in Abaqus. Fatigue life calculations were performed in the rubber fatigue solver Endurica CL. Effects of inflation pressure, tire speed, and axle load on the fatigue life of the belt package under strain-crystallizing and non-crystallizing conditions of the belt compound are discussed. Specifically, the results show the belt edges to be critical regarding crack nucleation.

Techniques for Determining the Parameters of a Two-Dimensional Tire Model for the Study of Ride Comfort

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mancosu ◽  
G. Matrascia ◽  
F. Cheli
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Dynamic Test ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Rigid Ring ◽  
Ring Model ◽  
Mass Moment ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
And Performance

Abstract A rigid ring model of the tire for the study of in-plane dynamics and a new technique for determining the parameters of the model are presented in this paper. This model can be used for studying the comfort of vehicles, problems of driving, and braking problems in the longitudinal direction. Comparison with finite element models shows that the rigid ring model of the tire is capable of describing the in-plane eigenmode shapes in the frequency range of 0–130 Hz. The well-known “brush model,” integrated into the tire model, is introduced to take into account the slide phenomena in the contact patch. The parameters of the model can be correlated with the physical properties of the tire so that designers can take advantage of such a correlation in the development of new tires in terms of time, cost, and performance. The technique used to determine the parameters of the model for some automobile tires include the direct measurements of some physical properties (mass, moment of inertia, stiffness) and a method of identification applied on the results from a dynamic test. The model is able to predict experimental data in terms of natural frequencies and relative dampings. Results from the application of this technique on two tires are reported.

scholarly journals Locally Corroded Stiffener Effect on Shear Buckling Behaviors of Web Panel in the Plate Girder

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungwon Huh ◽  
In-Tae Kim ◽  
Jin-Hee Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Buckling Strength ◽  
Lower Shear ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Shear Buckling ◽  
Buckling Failure ◽  
Plane Displacement ◽  
The Web ◽  
Plate Girder

The shear buckling failure and strength of a web panel stiffened by stiffeners with corrosion damage were examined according to the degree of corrosion of the stiffeners, using the finite element analysis method. For this purpose, a plate girder with a four-panel web girder stiffened by vertical and longitudinal stiffeners was selected, and its deformable behaviors and the principal stress distribution of the web panel at the shear buckling strength of the web were compared after their post-shear buckling behaviors, as well as their out-of-plane displacement, to evaluate the effect of the stiffener in the web panel on the shear buckling failure. Their critical shear buckling load and shear buckling strength were also examined. The FE analyses showed that their typical shear buckling failures were affected by the structural relationship between the web panel and each stiffener in the plate girder, to resist shear buckling of the web panel. Their critical shear buckling loads decreased from 82% to 59%, and their shear buckling strength decreased from 88% to 76%, due to the effect of corrosion of the stiffeners on their shear buckling behavior. Thus, especially in cases with over 40% corrosion damage of the vertical stiffener, they can have lower shear buckling strength than their design level.

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