Enhance Sustainability Benefits Through Scaling-Up Bioenergy Production From Terrestrial and Algae Feedstocks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Mirkouei ◽  
Kamran Kardel
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Rural Economies ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Energy Production System ◽  
Imported Oil ◽  
Conversion Technologies

The techno-economic analysis outcomes of bioenergy production compared with traditional energy indicate that the existing production technologies are not promising, however environmental analyses demonstrate that bioenergy products support cross-cutting sustainability and strategic analysis efforts. Therefore, utilization of bio-products, such as bio-oil and biofuels, is expected to increase in the near future due to environmental pressures. The overarching goal is to balance the primary dimensions of sustainability using both distributed and centralized conversion technologies. To this end, this research proposes a conceptual decision making framework to examine biomass-derived energy production system infrastructures and process-level operations. This framework encompasses three phases (i.e., 5-ton study, 50-ton study, and 500-ton study), using techno-economic, financial risks, cross-cutting assessments to scale-up bioenergy production, foster technology commercialization, and enhance sustainability benefits. The motivation behind the proposed framework lies in inherent limitations of the existing bioenergy conversion technologies and production systems. As an application of this research, a sustainable bioenergy economy fueled by innovative conversion technologies is examined in the state of Georgia to produce (at least one billion gasoline gallon equivalent) hydrocarbon biofuels from underutilized feedstocks (e.g., terrestrial and algae). The outcomes can address national priorities: promote energy security and reduce dependence on imported oil, promote the use of diverse domestic and clean energy resources, establish advanced bioindustries and rural economies, and mitigate environmental impacts from fossil fuel production and consumption.

scholarly journals Optimization Strategies of Preparation of Biomass-Derived Carbon Electrocatalyst for Boosting Oxygen Reduction Reaction: A Minireview

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1472
Author(s):  
Minhua Jiang ◽  
Xiaofang Yu ◽  
Haoqi Yang ◽  
Shuiliang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Orr Kinetics ◽  
Conversion Technologies

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has attracted considerable attention for clean energy conversion technologies to reduce traditional fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Although platinum (Pt) metal is currently used as an electrocatalyst to accelerate sluggish ORR kinetics, the scarce resource and high cost still restrict its further scale-up applications. In this regard, biomass-derived carbon electrocatalysts have been widely adopted for ORR electrocatalysis in recent years owing to their tunable physical/chemical properties and cost-effective precursors. In this minireview, recent advances of the optimization strategies in biomass-derived carbon electrocatalysts towards ORR have been summarized, mainly focusing on the optimization of pore structure and active site. Besides, some current challenges and future perspectives of biomass-derived carbon as high-performance electrocatalysts for ORR have been also discussed in detail. Hopefully, this minireview will afford a guideline for better design of biomass-derived carbon electrocatalysts for ORR-related applications.

3D simulation of heat and mass transfer for testing of “clean energy” production technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-280
Author(s):  
V. E. Messerle ◽  
A. S. Askarova ◽  
S. A. Bolegenova ◽  
V. Yu. Maximov ◽  
S. A. Bolegenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
3D Simulation ◽  
Production Technologies

scholarly journals Structural Development and Establishment of Rampt Models in Roadside, Farmland and Other Slopel and Agroforestry

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
MA Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Herbaceous Species ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Tree Plantation ◽  
Production Technologies

The three different models of Roadside Agroforest Multistoried Production Technologies (RAMPT) have been established at Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. These are RAMPT-1 : Single Step Single Slope RAMPT [(SS)2 RAMPT], RAMPT-2 : Double Steps Double Slopes RAMPT [(DS)2 RAMPT], and RAMPT-3 : Triple Steps Triple Slopes RAMPT [(TS)2 RAMPT]. The results of on-going experiments both on MPTS and herbaceous species including crops and medicinal plants under the above models have been observed to be effective and encouraging with a 100% success in tree plantation. Neem, Mehogani and Bakphul based multistoried production systems have been established with understoried shrubby and herbaceous species like Jatropha, lemon, Eryngium, sunflower, turmeric, stem amaranth, chilli, lady’s finger (okra), sweet gourd, etc. The structural development and establishment of these models have been described.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18165 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 99 - 107, 2007

scholarly journals Dynamically structured bubbling in vibrated gas-fluidized granular materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (35) ◽  
pp. e2108647118
Author(s):  
Qiang Guo ◽  
Yuxuan Zhang ◽  
Azin Padash ◽  
Kenan Xi ◽  
Thomas M. Kovar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Granular Materials ◽  
Fluidized Beds ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
System Size ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Constitutive Relationship ◽  
Energy Processes

The dynamics of granular materials are critical to many natural and industrial processes; granular motion is often strikingly similar to flow in conventional liquids. Food, pharmaceutical, and clean energy processes utilize bubbling fluidized beds, systems in which gas is flowed upward through granular particles, suspending the particles in a liquid-like state through which gas voids or bubbles rise. Here, we demonstrate that vibrating these systems at a resonant frequency can transform the normally chaotic motion of these bubbles into a dynamically structured configuration, creating reproducible, controlled motion of particles and gas. The resonant frequency is independent of particle properties and system size, and a simple harmonic oscillator model captures this frequency. Discrete particle simulations show that bubble structuring forms because of rapid, local transitions between solid-like and fluid-like behavior in the grains induced by vibration. Existing continuum models for gas–solid flows struggle to capture these fluid–solid transitions and thus cannot predict the bubble structuring. We propose a constitutive relationship for solids stress that predicts fluid–solid transitions and hence captures the experimental structured bubbling patterns. Similar structuring has been observed by oscillating gas flow in bubbling fluidized beds. We show that vibrating bubbling fluidized beds can produce a more ordered structure, particularly as system size is increased. The scalable structure and continuum model proposed here provide the potential to address major issues with scale-up and optimal operation, which currently limit the use of bubbling fluidized beds in existing and emerging technologies.

scholarly journals Unraveling Admixture, Inbreeding, and Recent Selection Signatures in West African Indigenous Cattle Populations in Benin

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sèyi Fridaïus Ulrich Vanvanhossou ◽  
Tong Yin ◽  
Carsten Scheper ◽  
Ruedi Fries ◽  
Luc Hippolyte Dossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
West African ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Selection Signatures ◽  
Extended Haplotype ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficients ◽  
Recent Selection

The Dwarf Lagune and the Savannah Somba cattle in Benin are typical representatives of the endangered West African indigenous Shorthorn taurine. The Lagune was previously exported to African and European countries and bred as Dahomey cattle, whereas the Somba contributed to the formation of two indigenous hybrids known as Borgou and Pabli cattle. These breeds are affected by demographic, economic, and environmental pressures in local production systems. Considering current and historical genomic data, we applied a formal test of admixture, estimated admixture proportions, and computed genomic inbreeding coefficients to characterize the five breeds. Subsequently, we unraveled the most recent selection signatures using the cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity approach, based on the current and historical genotypes. Results from principal component analyses and high proportion of Lagune ancestry confirm the Lagune origin of the European Dahomey cattle. Moreover, the Dahomey cattle displayed neither indicine nor European taurine (EUT) background, but they shared on average 40% of autozygosity from common ancestors, dated approximately eight generations ago. The Lagune cattle presented inbreeding coefficients larger than 0.13; however, the Somba and the hybrids (Borgou and Pabli) were less inbred (≤0.08). We detected evidence of admixture in the Somba and Lagune cattle, but they exhibited a similar African taurine (AFT) ancestral proportion (≥96%) to historical populations, respectively. A moderate and stable AFT ancestral proportion (62%) was also inferred for less admixed hybrid cattle including the Pabli. In contrast, the current Borgou samples displayed a lower AFT ancestral proportion (47%) than historical samples (63%). Irrespective of the admixture proportions, the hybrid populations displayed more selection signatures related to economic traits (reproduction, growth, and milk) than the taurine. In contrast, the taurine, especially the Somba, presented several regions known to be associated with adaptive traits (immunity and feed efficiency). The identified subregion of bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA) class IIb (including DSB and BOLA-DYA) in Somba cattle is interestingly uncommon in other African breeds, suggesting further investigations to understand its association with specific adaptation to endemic diseases in Benin. Overall, our study provides deeper insights into recent evolutionary processes in the Beninese indigenous cattle and their aptitude for conservation and genetic improvement.

scholarly journals Using dynamic relative climate impact curves to quantify the climate impact of bioenergy production systems over time

GCB Bioenergy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sierk de Jong ◽  
Mark Staples ◽  
Carla Grobler ◽  
Vassilis Daioglou ◽  
Robert Malina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Critical Material Applications and Intensities in Clean Energy Technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Leader ◽  
Gabrielle Gaustad
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Critical Material ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Critical Materials

Clean energy technologies have been developed to address the pressing global issue of climate change; however, the functionality of many of these technologies relies on materials that are considered critical. Critical materials are those that have potential vulnerability to supply disruption. In this paper, critical material intensity data from academic articles, government reports, and industry publications are aggregated and presented in a variety of functional units, which vary based on the application of each technology. The clean energy production technologies of gas turbines, direct drive wind turbines, and three types of solar photovoltaics (silicon, CdTe, and CIGS); the low emission mobility technologies of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, permanent-magnet-containing motors, and both nickel metal hydride and Li-ion batteries; and, the energy-efficient lighting devices (CFL, LFL, and LED bulbs) are analyzed. To further explore the role of critical materials in addressing climate change, emissions savings units are also provided to illustrate the potential for greenhouse gas emission reductions per mass of critical material in each of the clean energy production technologies. Results show the comparisons of material use in clean energy technologies under various performance, economic, and environmental based units.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document