Thermal Analysis of Low-Cost Dwellings in Mexico Using Greenroofs

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari´a G. Alpuche ◽  
Irene Marincic ◽  
Jose´ M. Ochoa ◽  
Hugo C. Moreno ◽  
Paloma Giottonini
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Concrete Block ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Electricity Energy Consumption

According to the National Energy Balance (1), the electricity consumption in the residential and commercial sector represents thirty-three percent of the total consumed in the country. Most of the energy is consumed during the summer, when it is necessary to use air conditioning to maintain comfort conditions inside buildings. This aspect takes relevance in warm-dry climates, where a deficient design of building envelope and a wrong location of windows can increase the thermal loads producing an extra load to air conditioning systems and high costs by electricity energy consumption. For this reason, adequate design strategies and thermodynamic concepts have to be applied in order to make dwellings comfortable. Two dwellings are simulated and analyzed, the first one is made of regional materials like traditional concrete block walls, reinforced concrete roofs and economic finishes, the second one is proposed with a green roof and insulation in walls. The heat gains through the different constructive elements have been obtained, to analyze their impact on global thermal comfort and the electricity energy consumption of air cooling systems. Also, an exergy analysis has been applied to analyze exergy efficiency of air cooling systems and the influence that the building envelope can have in them with the proposed changes. The minimum exergy expenditure of air conditioning systems required to achieve comfort conditions inside dwellings could be a useful benchmark for the comparison of various dwelling designs.

scholarly journals THE ANALYSIS OF APPLYING DIFFERENT COOLANTS FOR COOLING SYSTEMS IN THE OFFICE BUILDING / SKIRTINGŲ ŠILUMNEŠIŲ VĖSINIMO SISTEMŲ TAIKYMO BIURŲ PASTATE ANALIZĖ

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Rasa Kanapienytė ◽  
Kęstutis Čiuprinskas
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

The paper analyzes air conditioning systems of different coolants on the basis of an example of a typical office building. Depending on the type of a coolant fan coil unit, active chilled beams, variable refrigerant volumes and air cooling systems were designed. The article suggests hydraulic and aerodynamic calculations and evaluates initial investments, energy expenditures and operating costs of the compared systems. Considering economic calculations, the pay-back time of the systems was assessed and the sensitivity analysis of electricity prices was carried out. The results of the conducted investigation show the most appropriate analysed system for office buildings taking into account the efficient use of electricity and initial investments. Santrauka Tipinio administracinio pastato pavyzdžiu nagrinėjamos skirtingų šilumnešių vėsinimo sistemos. Atsižvelgiant į šilumnešio tipą suprojektuotos ventiliatorinių konvektorių, aktyviųjų šalčio sijų, freoninė ir orinė vėsinimo sistemos. Atlikti hidrauliniai ir aerodinaminiai skaičiavimai, įvertintos sistemų pradinės investicijos, apskaičiuotos energijos sąnaudos ir eksploatacijos išlaidos. Ekonominio skaičiavimo metu buvo įvertintas sistemų atsipirkimo laikas ir atlikta elektros kainų jautrumo analizė. Šio tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kokia sistema yra tinkama biurų pastatams pagal efektyvų elektros energijos naudojimą ir pradines investicijas.

ANALYSIS OF COMPETING VARIANTS OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS WITHOUT AIR EXTRACTION FROM ENGINES AT THE STAGE OF PASSENGER AIRCRAFT ONBOARD SYSTEMS CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Denis Igorevich Smagin ◽  
Konstantin Igorevich Starostin ◽  
Roman Sergeevich Savelyev ◽  
Anatoly Anatolyevich Satin ◽  
Anastasiya Romanovna Neveshkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Research University ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Moscow Aviation Institute ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

One of the ways to achieve safety and comfort is to improve on-board air conditioning systems.The use of air cooling machine determines the air pressure high level at the point of selection from the aircraft engine compressor. Because of the aircraft operation in different modes and especially in the modes of small gas engines, deliberately high stages of selection have to be used for ensuring proper operation of the refrigeration machine in the modes of the aircraft small gas engines. Into force of this, most modes of aircraft operation have to throttle the pressure of the selected stage of selection, which, together with the low efficiency of the air cycle cooling system, makes the currently used air conditioning systems energy inefficient.A key feature of the architecture without air extraction from the main engines compressors is the use of electric drive compressors as a source of compressed air.A comparative analysis of competing variants of on-board air conditioning system without air extraction from engines for longrange aircraft projects was performed at the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University).The article deals with the main approaches to the decision-making process on the appearance of a promising aircraft on-board air conditioning system at the stage of its conceptual design and formulated the basic requirements for the structure of a complex criterion at different life cycle stages.The level of technical and technological risk, together with a larger installation weight, will require significant costs for development, testing, debugging and subsequent implementation, but at the same time on-board air conditioning system scheme without air extraction from the engines will achieve a significant increase in fuel efficiency at the level of the entire aircraft.

scholarly journals Systematic Method for the Energy-Saving Potential Calculation of Air-Conditioning Systems via Data Mining. Part I: Methodology

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Rongjiang Ma ◽  
Shen Yang ◽  
Xianlin Wang ◽  
Xi-Cheng Wang ◽  
Ming Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Potential Analysis ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Air-conditioning systems contribute the most to energy consumption among building equipment. Hence, energy saving for air-conditioning systems would be the essence of reducing building energy consumption. The conventional energy-saving diagnosis method through observation, test, and identification (OTI) has several drawbacks such as time consumption and narrow focus. To overcome these problems, this study proposed a systematic method for energy-saving diagnosis in air-conditioning systems based on data mining. The method mainly includes seven steps: (1) data collection, (2) data preprocessing, (3) recognition of variable-speed equipment, (4) recognition of system operation mode, (5) regression analysis of energy consumption data, (6) constraints analysis of system running, and (7) energy-saving potential analysis. A case study with a complicated air-conditioning system coupled with an ice storage system demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with the traditional OTI method, the data-mining-based method can provide a more comprehensive analysis of energy-saving potential with less time cost, although it strongly relies on data quality in all steps and lacks flexibility for diagnosing specific equipment for energy-saving potential analysis. The results can deepen the understanding of the operating data characteristics of air-conditioning systems.

Effect of Air Conditioning Position on Thermal Comfort in the Floor Air Conditioning System

2014 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Y.A. Sabtalistia ◽  
S.N.N. Ekasiwi ◽  
B. Iskandriawan
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Air Diffusion

Energy consumption for air conditioning systems (air conditioning system) increased along with the increasing need for fresh air and comfortable in the room especially apartments. FAC system (Floor Air Conditioning) is growing because it is more energy efficient than CAC (Ceiling Air Conditioning) system. However, the position of the AC supply is on the lower level at the FAC system causes draft discomfort becomes greater as air supply closer to the occupants so that thermal comfort can be reduced. Heat mixture of windows, exterior walls, kitchen, and occupants in the studio apartment affect thermal comfort in the room too.This study aims to determine the position of the AC supply which has the best thermal comfort of FAC system in the studio apartment. It can be done by analyzing ADPI (Air Diffusion Performance Index), the distribution of air temperature, wind speed, RH (Relative Humidity), and DR (Draft Risk) to change the position of the AC supply supported by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation.This result prove that AC position 2 (on wall near the kitchen) is more comfortable than AC position 1 (on the bathroom wall) because AC position 2 away from occupied areas, thereby reducing the occurrence of draught discomfort.

The study of solar absorption air-conditioning systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Mittal ◽  
KS Kasana ◽  
NS Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Lithium Bromide ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Absorption Cooling ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Solar Absorption Cooling ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

An air-conditioning system utilizing solar energy would generally be more efficient, cost wise, if it was used to provide both heating and cooling requirements in the building it serves. Various solar powered heating systems have been tested extensively, but solar powered air conditioning systems have received very little attention. Solar powered absorption cooling systems can serve both heating and cooling requirements in the building it serves. Many researchers have studied the solar absorption air conditioning system in order to make it economically and technically viable. But still, much more research in this area is needed. This paper will help many researchers working in this area and provide them with fundamental knowledge on absorption systems, and a detailed review on the past efforts in the field of solar absorption cooling systems with the absorption pair of lithium-bromide and water. This knowledge will help them to start the parametric study in order to investigate the influence of key parameters on the overall system performance.

Exergy Analysis of Energy Consumption for Central Air Conditioning System

2014 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
pp. 332-337
Author(s):  
Xiao Xia Xia ◽  
Nai Jun Zhou ◽  
Zhi Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Exergy Loss ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Air Cooler ◽  
Central Air Conditioning ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

The energy consumption of several central air conditioning systems in summer was researched by the method of exergy analysis. Combined with actual example,the exergy loss of all the equipments and the exergy efficiency of three systems were calculated. The results show that the exergy efficiency of three systems is very low. Relatively speaking, the exergy efficiency of primary return air conditioning system with supplying air in dew point is highest. The equipment of highest exergy loss is air-conditioned room, while the exergy loss of surface air cooler is smallest. Based on this, several improvement measures were proposed to reduce exergy loss and improve exergy efficiency.

Analysis of Running Energy Consumption of Fresh Air Cooling Systems

Solar Energy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianing Zhao ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
Weimeng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Variable Air Volume ◽  
Air Volume ◽  
Air System ◽  
Different Seasons

Utilization of renewable energy becomes more and more attractive and crucial for sustainable buildings. A cooling system, using outdoor fresh air and combining with the conventional all-air system or running along during different seasons, is discussed in this study. Running energy consumption of this system is analyzed by a mathematical model using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) combined with the traditional Lagrange method. To evaluate and apply this new system, energy consumption of the chiller unit, water and air sub-systems, as well as the total energy consumption of such a system is compared with that of the conventional all-air system. Consequently, the total energy consumption is selected as the criterion of energy efficiency. The results show that the cooling system bears considerably energy efficient, and that it reduces energy consumption at least 14% and 12%, compared with the constant air volume and variable air volume system, respectively.

scholarly journals Possibilities of using solar energy in the processes of cooling external zones of people

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00016
Author(s):  
Ewelina Dec ◽  
Robert Sekret ◽  
Bożena Babiarz
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Radiation Energy ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Maximum Daily Temperature ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Technical Potential ◽  
Hot Days ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Meteorological analyzes unambiguously indicate climate warming. An increase in average air temperatures is recorded in both winter and summer. In recent years, an increasing number of hot and very hot days are observed, and the duration of series of days with maximum daily temperature above 30°C is also longer. Occurrence of hot weather adversely affects the person staying outside. The ever-increasing requirements related to thermal comfort, enforce the provision of appropriate conditions not only in the rooms, but also in the external zones of people. Cooling the air in outdoor zones using standard air-conditioning systems can be expensive due to the high demand for electricity. Ensuring cooling through the use of renewable energy, such as solar energy, is a key solution to energy and environmental problems. In this article, the technical potential of solar radiation energy was determined based on data from the Rzeszow- Jasionka meteorological station and the possibilities of using solar energy in air cooling systems in external zones were presented.

scholarly journals Energy Performance Comparison between Two Liquid Desiccant and Evaporative Cooling-Assisted Air Conditioning Systems

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Su Liu ◽  
Jae-Weon Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Liquid Desiccant ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Evaporative Cooler ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Direct Evaporative Cooler

This study investigated the annual energy saving potential and system performance of two different evaporative cooling-based liquid desiccant and evaporative cooling-assisted air conditioning systems. One system used an indirect and direct evaporative cooler with a two-stage package to match the target supply air point. The other was equipped with a single-stage, packaged dew-point evaporative cooler that used a portion of the process air, which had been dehumidified in advance. Systems installed with the two evaporative coolers were compared to determine which one was more energy efficient and which one could provide better thermal comfort for building occupants in a given climate zone, using detailed simulation data. The detailed energy consumption data of these two systems were estimated using an engineering equation solver with each component model. The results showed that the liquid desiccant and dew-point evaporative-cooler-assisted 100% outdoor air system (LDEOAS) resulted in approximately 34% more annual primary energy consumption than that of the liquid desiccant and the indirect and direct evaporative-cooler-assisted 100% outdoor air system (LDIDECOAS). However, the LDEOAS could provide drier and cooler supply air, compared with the LDIDECOAS. In conclusion, LDIDECOAS has a higher energy saving potential than LDEOAS, with an acceptable level of thermal comfort.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document