Impact of Passive Cooling Strategies on Energy Consumption Reduction of Residential Buildings in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Alaidroos ◽  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
End Use ◽  
Passive Cooling Systems

In this paper, passive cooling strategies have been investigated to evaluate their effectiveness in reducing cooling thermal loads and air conditioning energy consumption for residential buildings in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Specifically, three passive cooling techniques have been evaluated including: natural ventilation, downdraft evaporative cooling, and earth tube cooling. These passive cooling systems are applied to a prototypical KSA residential villa model with an improved building envelope. The analysis has been carried using detailed simulation tool for several cities representing different climate conditions throughout KSA. It is found that both natural ventilation and evaporative cooling provide a significant reduction in cooling energy for the prototypical villa located in Riyadh. Natural ventilation alone has reduced the cooling energy end-use by 22% and the total villa energy consumption by 10%, while the evaporative cooling system has resulted in 64% savings in cooling energy end-use and 32% in the total villa energy consumption. When applying both passive cooling systems together to the villa, the cooling energy end-use is significantly reduced by about 84.2% and the total villa energy savings by 62.3% relative to the un-insulated basecase residential building model. Moreover, natural ventilation is found to have a high potential in all KSA climates, while evaporative cooling can be suitable only in hot and dry climates such as Riyadh and Tabuk.

Evaluation of Passive Cooling Systems for Residential Buildings in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Alaidroos ◽  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Peak Demand ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
End Use ◽  
Passive Cooling Systems

In this paper, passive cooling strategies have been investigated to evaluate their effectiveness in reducing cooling thermal loads and air conditioning energy consumption for residential buildings in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Specifically, three passive cooling techniques have been evaluated including natural ventilation, downdraft evaporative cooling, and earth tube cooling. These passive cooling systems are applied to a prototypical KSA residential villa model with an improved building envelope. The analysis has been carried using detailed simulation tool for several cities representing different climate conditions throughout KSA. The impact of the passive cooling systems is evaluated on both energy consumption and electrical peak demand for residential villas with and without improved building envelope for five cities, representatives of various climate conditions in KSA. It is found that both natural ventilation and evaporative cooling provide a significant reduction in cooling energy use and electrical peak demand for the prototypical villa located in dry KSA climates such as that of Riyadh and Tabuk. Natural ventilation alone has reduced the cooling energy end-use by 22%, while the evaporative cooling system has resulted in 64% savings in cooling energy end-use. Moreover, the natural ventilation is found to have a high potential in all KSA climates, while evaporative cooling can be suitable only in hot and dry climates such as Riyadh and Tabuk. Finally, the analysis showed that natural ventilation provided the lowest electrical peak demand when applied into the improved envelope residential buildings in all five cities in KSA.

scholarly journals Building envelope and energy saving case study: a residential building in Al-Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-564
Author(s):  
Laila Amer Hashem Al-Qahtani ◽  
Lamis Saad Eldeen Elgizawi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Thermal Characteristic ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Cooling Strategies

Abstract Around the world, most energy is consumed by buildings; residential buildings consume 40% of energy globally. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), buildings consume 50% of all energy, and 70% of the buildings in the KSA are not insulated well. Creating an envelope is a key to decreasing energy consumption and providing thermal comfort and healthy internal spaces. Thus, the main aim of this study is to test the effect of selected passive cooling strategies by using a simulation program to evaluate a variety of envelope (floor, external and internal walls and roofs) thermal characteristic proposals to create an eco-interior space, to provide the most comfortable conditions for users and to save energy in buildings in hot climates in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. One residential building case was selected, and some of the passive cooling strategies were tested. Simulation software—Design Builder—was used to calculate the total energy consumption in 1 year and compare the results before and after applying these strategies to the selected residential building.

scholarly journals An overview on passive cooling systems in green building architectures

2019 ◽  
pp. 01-15
Author(s):  
Jani DB
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Passive Cooling Systems ◽  
The Impact

The continuous progressive demand of building construction raises many issues regarding supply of high grade electricity. It creates many environmental issues for its production like as global warming. So, the passive cooling buildings were welcomed to respond variable climate in order to reduce energy supply for thermal comfort as well as health of building users. The aim of designing a passive building is to take best advantage of the regional outdoor ambient conditions. Passive cooling refers to a building architectural approach that mainly goal on heat gain control and heat dissipation in a architectural structure in order to ameliorate the indoor thermal comfort with low or nil energy consumption. Passive cooling systems use non-mechanical methods to sustain a comfortable indoor temperature and are a main aim in extenuating the impact of buildings on the regional environment. The energy consumption in buildings is very much with the anticipation to further increase because of improving standards of leaving and the increase of industrialization. The use of HVAC in building has exponentially rises over the past few decades and quite enough to contribute in the enormous use of high grade electrical energy consumption. This paper reviews various passive cooling techniques used in the green building and their role in providing thermal comfort and its significance in energy conservation with the help of architectural interventions.

scholarly journals Selection and Assessment of Passive Cooling Techniques for Residential Buildings in Oman Using a Bioclimatic Approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Al-Azri ◽  
YH Zurigat ◽  
N Al-Rawahi
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Bioclimatic Variables ◽  
Passive Cooling Systems ◽  
Selection And Assessment ◽  
Psychrometric Chart

 Passive cooling is an ancient technique used in air reconditioning and ventilation. Despite its historical use, its relevance in building design has never ceased. To be sure, with the increasing interest in saving energy and preserving the environment, passive cooling stands out as a sustainable possibility. However, this is not always a viable option, and its practicality is determined mainly by the system's functionality, the type of activities involved in the space to be cooled, and the surrounding area's bioclimatic variables (i.e. temperature, humidity, and diurnal temperature differences). In areas under consideration for passive cooling systems, bioclimatic charts are helpful. Comprehensive charts, in which yearlong hourly meteorological data are projected on a psychrometric chart, help to determine the fits required by a particular location. In this paper, psychrometric charts were developed for eight locations in Oman, and a systematic procedure on the selection and viability of using passive cooling techniques is provided through meteorological data. Givoni's passive cooling zones are used and the applicability of each technique is quantified. The eight study locations are widely scattered around and Oman, and possess great geographical diversity. The presented results can help delineate the applicability of each passive cooling technique for residential buildings at each of the study locations and their proximities. 

scholarly journals Performance Characteristics of Solid-Desiccant Evaporative Cooling Systems

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramadas Narayanan ◽  
Edward Halawa ◽  
Sanjeev Jain
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Cooling Systems

Air conditioning accounts for up to 50% of energy use in buildings. Increased air-conditioning-system installations not only increase total energy consumption but also raise peak load demand. Desiccant evaporative cooling systems use low-grade thermal energy, such as solar energy and waste heat, instead of electricity to provide thermal comfort. This system can potentially lead to significant energy saving, reduction in carbon emissions, and it has a low dew-point operation and large capacity range. Their light weight, simplicity of design, and close-to-atmospheric operation make them easy to maintain. This paper evaluates the applicability of this technology to the climatic conditions of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, specifically for the residential sector. Given the subtropical climate of Brisbane, where humidity levels are not excessively high during cooling periods, the numerical study shows that such a system can be a potential alternative to conventional compression-based air-conditioning systems. Nevertheless, the installation of such a system in Brisbane’s climate zone requires careful design, proper selection of components, and a cheap heat source for regeneration. The paper also discusses the economy-cycle options for this system in such a climate and compares its effectiveness to natural ventilation.

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