Lubricating Oil Condition Monitoring Using Vibration and Air-Borne Acoustic Measurements

Volume 3 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Albarbar ◽  
R. Gennish ◽  
F. Gu ◽  
A. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Fault Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Oil Condition Monitoring ◽  
Engine Maintenance

Modern diesel engine maintenance programs incorporate various methods and techniques for early fault detection and diagnosis to maintain efficiency, low pollution and high reliability and to avoid catastrophic failures. This study has been conducted aiming at engine oil condition monitoring and quality evaluation by analysing the engine block vibration and its induced noise. The vibration signals were measured using an accelerometer mounted on the thrust side of the first cylinder in a four cylinder diesel engine, and the noise was recorded using a microphone facing the cylinder. The signals are then band pass filtered and transformed to the frequency domain, where the amplitudes of the different frequency components of the vibration and noise waveforms are analysed and compared to the vibration and noise baseline signatures. The mean amplitudes of the spectral components in the frequency band 900 Hz to 2.5 kHz were found linearly proportional to the engine speed and load. It was also found that the RMS values of this frequency band are affected by the oil viscosity. These results show that it is possible to use vibration and airborne acoustics to predict the quality of lubrication.

Effect of hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles as an additive on the extreme pressure properties of engine oil

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilman Hakimi Chua Abdullah ◽  
Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah ◽  
Noreffendy Tamaldin ◽  
Hilmi Amiruddin ◽  
Nur Rashid Mat Nuri
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Hexagonal Boron Nitride ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Sonication Technique

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the effect of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanoparticles on extreme pressure (EP) properties when used as an additive in lubricating oil. Design/methodology/approach The nano-oil was prepared by dispersing an optimal composition of 0.5 vol. per cent of 70 nm hBN in SAE 15W-40 diesel engine oil using a sonication technique. The tribological testing was performed using a four-ball tribometer according to the ASTM standard. Findings It was found that the nano-oil has a potential to decelerate the seizure point on the contact surfaces, where higher EP can be obtained. More adhesive wear was observed on the worn surfaces of ball bearing lubricated with SAE 15W-40 diesel engine oil as compared with the nano-oil lubrication. Originality/value The results of the experimental studies demonstrated the potential of hBN as an additive for improving the load-carrying ability of lubricating oil.

Field-Testing of Biodiesel (B100) and Diesel-Fueled Vehicles: Part 2—Lubricating Oil Condition Monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Kumar Agarwal ◽  
Deepak Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Base Number ◽  
Oil Viscosity

Abstract This study investigated the use of biodiesel (B100) and baseline diesel in two identical unmodified vehicles to realistically assess different aspects of biodiesel’s compatibility with modern common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engines and its effects on lubricating oil degradation and wear. Two identical vehicles were operated for 30,000 km each under identical operating conditions on highway during a field-trial while using biodiesel (B100) and baseline mineral diesel. Exhaustive experimental results from this series of tests were divided into four segments, and this paper covers the second segment showing the effect of long-term usage of biodiesel on the lubricating oil properties and traces of wear metal addition compared to baseline mineral diesel. Lubricating oil samples were drawn periodically from these vehicles for condition monitoring such as lubricating oil viscosity, density, soot content, total base number (TBN), ash content, trace metal concentrations, and thermal stability. The viscosity of lubricating oil samples drawn from biodiesel fueled vehicles were found to be ∼10–15% lower compared to that from diesel-fueled vehicles, whereas density and ash content were relatively lower by ∼5–10%. Carbon residues of lubricating oil samples drawn from B100 fueled vehicles were lower by ∼15–20% compared to that of diesel-fueled vehicles. There was a very strong reduction (∼70%) in the soot content of lubricating oil from biodiesel fueled vehicles. Trace metal analysis to compare wear debris addition was also done for all lubricating oil samples. Thermo-gravimetric analyses of lubricating oil samples from biodiesel fueled vehicles showed lower mass loss with increasing temperature hence relatively higher thermal stability and lower deterioration. Results also suggested that operational and durability issues associated with vegetable oils as alternate fuel were completely eliminated by using them after converting them into biodiesel meeting prevailing biodiesel specifications.

Effects of B20 on Emissions and the Performance of a Diesel Particulate Filter in a Light-Duty Diesel Engine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy M. Peterson ◽  
Po-I Lee ◽  
Ming-Chia Lai ◽  
Ming-Cheng Wu ◽  
Craig L. DiMaggio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Active Regeneration

This paper compares 20% bio-diesel (B20-choice white grease) fuel with baseline ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) fuel on the emissions and performance of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and diesel particulate filter (DPF) coupled to a light-duty 4-cylinder 2.8-liter common-rail DI diesel engine. The present paper focuses on the comparison of the fuel effects on loading and active regeneration of the DPF between B20 and ULSD. B20, in general, produces less soot and has lower regeneration temperature compared to soot loaded with ULSD. NO2 concentrations before the DPF were found to be 6% higher with B20, indicating more availability of NO2 to oxidize the soot. Exhaust speciation of the NO2 availability indicates that the slight increase in NOx from B20 is not the dominant cause for the lower temperature regeneration and faster regeneration rate but the reactivity of the soot that is in the DPF. Formaldehyde concentrations are found to be higher with B20 during regeneration due to increased oxygen concentrations in the exhaust stream. Finally the oil dilution effect due to post injection to actively regenerate the DPF is also investigated using a prototype oil sensor and FTIR instrumentation. Utilizing an active regeneration strategy accentuates the possibility of fuel oil dilution of the engine oil. The onboard viscosity oil sensor used was in good agreement with the viscosity bench test and FTIR analysis and provided oil viscosity measurement over the course of the project. Operation with B20 shows significant fuel dilution and needs to be monitored to prevent engine deterioration.

The Influence of Temperature and Shear Rate on the Viscosity of Selected Motor Oils

2013 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 188-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Czaban
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Initial Structure ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Lubricating Oils ◽  
Shear Rates ◽  
Motor Oils

One of the most important physical quantities which has an influence on bearings and micro-bearings functioning is the viscosity of a lubricant. The data about a viscosity value dependence on temperature and shear rate are essential for designing sliding friction pairs. In design calculations usually there is assumed that a lubricant is a Newtonian fluid, therefore viscosity is constant over the full range of shear rates. During operation of friction pairs the contamination particles get into a lubricant and this causes that the lubricant becomes a non-Newtonian pseudoplastic or viscoelastic fluid. A similar effect on lubricating oil properties have combustion products or special performance additives. Furthermore, a lubricating oil ages and wears out, i.e. during its operating the initial structure of a particles is destroyed which can cause the change of the oil viscosity and lubricity values. The aim of this work is to determine the dynamic viscosity values in dependence on temperature and shear rate for selected new and used lubricating oils. In this research motor oils for passenger vehicles and tractors were investigated. This paper presents the results of measurements of the viscosity changes, in dependence on shear rate and temperature, made for the new and used oils. One of the investigated oils is Superol CC-40, which was used in four-stroke 4562 cm3 diesel engine for twenty months, which corresponds to 250 hours of operating. The second of investigated oils is Shell Helix Ultra AV-L which was used in four-stroke 2000 cm3 diesel engine for ten months at a distance of 15 000 kilometers. The viscosity measurements for the new and used lubricating oils were made with the Thermo Scientific Haake Mars III rheometer, in the range of temperatures from 10°C to 120°C and of shear rates to 51000 1/s. Moreover, the analysis of wear products, contaminants and additives in the investigated new and used lubricating oils was made with the rotating disc electrode atomic emission spectrometer Spectro Incorporated Spectroil Q100, which gives possibility to determine 22 most common elements which occur in motor, turbine and gear oils. The obtained information will be used in future studies related to hydrodynamic lubrication of slide bearings and micro-bearings. It also may be useful for designing bearings and sliding friction pairs.

Viscosity in Exploitation Time Analysis of the Lubricating Oil Used in the Combustion Engine of the Personal Car

2015 ◽  
Vol 220-221 ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Sikora ◽  
Andrzej Miszczak
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
High Shear Rate ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
High Shear ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Peltier Element ◽  
Engine Model

The aim of this study is to develop a mathematical model of the lubricating oil viscosity changes during the exploitation time of the engine.The aim was achieved by measurements of dynamic viscosity of engine oil used in a passenger car Volkswagen Touran equipped with a turbocharged diesel engine with a capacity of 2.0 liters. The recommended interval for oil change in this engine model is 30000 km. Oil used in this study was Shell Helix AV-L (viscosity grade SAE 5W30, designation VW: 50700).Viscosity tests were made on a Haake MARS III using two measuring systems. The first consisted of a plate-cone system with Peltier element for temperature stabilization. The second one is the high shear rate chamber with temperature control thermostat co-operating with ultra-A40 AC200 which can operate at temperatures ranging from-40 °C to +200 °C. The high shear rate chamber, consisting of a measuring cylinder and the rotor, the shear rate can achieve up to 200000 s–1.Dynamic viscosity measurements were performed at temperatures ranging from 20 °C to 90 °C.The results of the research are shown in the graphs and in tabular form. Obtained graphs made it possible to determine characteristics of the oil ageing for each mileages, temperatures and shear rates.

On-Line Oil Condition Monitoring System

2013 ◽  
Vol 475-476 ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yuan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Oil Condition Monitoring ◽  
Computer Image Processing ◽  
On Line ◽  
Condition Monitoring System ◽  
New Research ◽  
Oil Monitoring

An on-line monitoring system was proposed to monitor lubrication oil real-time condition. Oil is the machine equipment blood, and its condition has very serious influence on machine running. Firstly, this paper expiated the research significance of on-line oil monitoring. Then the key problem of on-line oil monitoring was discussed and its goal was analyzed. Furthermore, basic research content and research thread were put forward. Based on the modern photoelectric detection, microscopic imaging and computer image processing technology, an on-line acquisition system of lubricating oil particle image was proposed. This work provides a new research idea for on-line monitoring system which is important to develop the technology of oil condition monitoring.

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