scholarly journals CMM Measurement Variability Analysis: A Comparison Between Two Metrological Laboratories Measuring Three Industrial Workpieces

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Aggogeri ◽  
Emanuele Barini ◽  
Raffaello Levi
Keyword(s):  
Task Environment ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Measurement Variability ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Variability Analysis ◽  
Linear Dimensions ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Remedial Actions ◽  
Control Procedures

Quality may be defined as a set of requirements a system should satisfy in order to meet customer’s needs. Control of these requirements assures satisfaction of relevant standards, and consequently the performance levels of a manufacturing/transactional stream. In this context it is fundamental to define control procedures and reliable measurement systems adequate for adopting improvement action as soon as anomalies and dysfunctions are detected. This paper deals with a study of measurement variability occurring during practical exploitation of CMMs (Coordinate Measuring Machines). These measurement systems are designed to probe selected points of workpiece surface, and compare the relevant coordinates or derived quantities with specified values; capability and versatility of CMMs justify their widespread use in industry. Evaluation of CMM measurement variability is however often awkward owing to a number of factors, such as e.g. measurement task, environment, operator and measurement procedures. A round robin exercise involving two industrial laboratories was planned in order to address these issues. Three typical machine tool parts were circulated among participants, who were asked to measure linear dimensions as well as tolerances at specified locations, according to an agreed upon schedule. Results of measurements, performed by experienced CMM industrial users, were analyzed in order to bring out discrepancies, and suggest remedial actions in the light of information gathered. Several factors involving metrological as well as other aspects were observed to cause major discrepancies, yielding in turn information on where to look for potential sources of trouble. Conclusions were drawn in terms of operating procedure, leading to improved information on origin and components of variability.

Infrared Measurement Variability Analysis.

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Matthis ◽  
T. J. Morin ◽  
W. E. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Variability ◽  
Variability Analysis ◽  
Infrared Measurement

Measurement variability analysis for fermentation process assays

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dehghani ◽  
M. Bulmer ◽  
M. E. Gregory ◽  
N. F. Thornhill
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Measurement Variability ◽  
Variability Analysis

Validity and Reliability of 2 Goniometric Mobile Apps: Device, Application, and Examiner Factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Wellmon ◽  
Dawn T. Gulick ◽  
Mark L. Paterson ◽  
Colleen N. Gulick
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Measurement Variability ◽  
Number Of Factors

Context:Smartphones are being used in a variety of practice settings to measure joint range of motion (ROM). A number of factors can affect the validity of the measurements generated. However, there are no studies examining smartphone-based goniometer applications focusing on measurement variability and error arising from the electromechanical properties of the device being used.Objective:To examine the concurrent validity and interrater reliability of 2 goniometric mobile applications (Goniometer Records, Goniometer Pro), an inclinometer, and a universal goniometer (UG).Design:Nonexperimental, descriptive validation study.Setting:University laboratory.Participants:3 physical therapists having an average of 25 y of experience.Main Outcome Measures:Three standardized angles (acute, right, obtuse) were constructed to replicate the movement of a hinge joint in the human body. Angular changes were measured and compared across 3 raters who used 3 different devices (UG, inclinometer, and 2 goniometric apps installed on 3 different smartphones: Apple iPhone 5, LG Android, and Samsung SIII Android). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman plots were used to examine interrater reliability and concurrent validity.Results:Interrater reliability for each of the smartphone apps, inclinometer and UG were excellent (ICC = .995–1.000). Concurrent validity was also good (ICC = .998–.999). Based on the Bland-Altman plots, the means of the differences between the devices were low (range = –0.4° to 1.2°).Conclusions:This study identifies the error inherent in measurement that is independent of patient factors and due to the smartphone, the installed apps, and examiner skill. Less than 2° of measurement variability was attributable to those factors alone. The data suggest that 3 smartphones with the 2 installed apps are a viable substitute for using a UG or an inclinometer when measuring angular changes that typically occur when examining ROM and demonstrate the capacity of multiple examiners to accurately use smartphone-based goniometers.

scholarly journals On Line Measurement of Organic Iodine During a Severe Nuclear Accident

2020 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 08001
Author(s):  
M. Chebbi ◽  
D. Doizi ◽  
L. Manceron ◽  
A. Perrin ◽  
J. Vander Auwera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fission Products ◽  
Nuclear Accident ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
On Line ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
Radioactive Species ◽  
Severe Nuclear Accident

A severe nuclear accident may induce a dramatic dissemination of radioactive species into the environment. In that respect, improving the nuclear safety remains an important challenge to improve the society acceptability towards this energy. A solution may consist on implementing robust and reliable measurement systems operating near the Containment Venting Systems (CVS). These devices should be able to provide real time monitoring of the emitted fission products (FPs) in the course of a hypothetical accidental sequence. In the present study, a peculiar attention was devoted to iodine species (namely CH3I) measurement by complementary techniques (photoacoustic spectroscopy and gas chromatography). The most important results will be described here.

scholarly journals Do Diametric Measurements Provide Sufficient and Reliable Tumor Assessment? An Evaluation of Diametric, Areametric, and Volumetric Variability of Lung Lesion Measurements on Computerized Tomography Scans

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Frenette ◽  
Joshua Morrell ◽  
Kirk Bjella ◽  
Edward Fogarty ◽  
James Beal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Lung Lesion ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Measurement Variability ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
Area And Volume

Diametric analysis is the standard approach utilized for tumor measurement on medical imaging. However, the availability of newer more sophisticated techniques may prove advantageous. An evaluation of diameter, area, and volume was performed on 64 different lung lesions by three trained users. These calculations were obtained using a free DICOM viewer and standardized measuring procedures. Measurement variability was then studied using relative standard deviation (RSD) and intraclass correlation. Volumetric measurements were shown to be more precise than diametric. With minimal RSD and variance between different users, volumetric analysis was demonstrated as a reliable measurement technique. Additionally, the diameters were used to calculate an estimated area and volume; thereafter the estimated area and volume were compared against the actual measured values. The results in this study showed independence of the estimated and actual values. Estimated area deviated an average of 43.5% from the actual measured, and volume deviated 88.03%. The range of this variance was widely scattered and without trend. These results suggest that diametric measurements cannot be reliably correlated to actual tumor size. Access to appropriate software capable of producing volume measurements has improved drastically and shows great potential in the clinical assessment of tumors. Its applicability merits further consideration.

scholarly journals Measurement System Analysis and System Thinking in Six Sigma

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-62
Author(s):  
Brian J. Galli
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Six Sigma ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Design Science ◽  
System Thinking ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Measurement System Analysis

This article investigated measurement system analysis and system thinking in Six Sigma, as well as the factors that influence these actions. If the measurement system being used to accumulate data from the process delivers dependable and accurate results, the measurement system analysis regulates it. Process improvement initiatives can be derailed by faulty measurement systems. Also, managers who have read faulty data can be misled into making wrong decisions. To collect trustworthy data, a reliable measurement system is established with this process. A method to assess an organization as a system and interpret its practices as a whole with Six Sigma is system thinking. Also, fixing a system as a whole helps to identify the real causes of issues and to know where to address them. This article addressed the contribution of these two methods to an overall success of an organization operating Six Sigma. The most current variables, concepts, and models were studied within operations and project management. By using a design-science-investigate strategy, this study approved of a valuable growth reveal for reasonable and hypothetical application. This study allowed us to generate a fitting assessment model that will fill the research void. Also, this study contributed to the engineering field with improved project success rates and team communication.

A Methodological Analysis of Self-Control in Applied Settings

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred M. Albion
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
External Reinforcement ◽  
Control Procedures

This article presents a methodological analysis of 26 self-control investigations conducted in classroom settings. Self-control procedures include self-instructions, self determination of contingencies, self-evaluation, self-goal setting, and the self-determination and/or administration of external reinforcement. These studies are compared and described in terms of subjects and settings, dependent and independent variables, measurement systems, research design, and factors limiting experimental control. Implications for future research are discussed in light of the strengths and weaknesses of the experimental manipulations and outcomes.

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