A Further Step Towards a Graz Cycle Power Plant for CO2 Capture

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Sanz ◽  
H. Jericha ◽  
F. Luckel ◽  
E. Go¨ttlich ◽  
F. Heitmeir
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Co2 Mitigation ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Mitigation Costs

Introduction of closed cycle gas turbines with their capability of retaining combustion generated CO2 can offer a valuable contribution to the Kyoto goal and to future power generation. Therefore research and development work at Graz University of Technology since the nineties has led to the Graz Cycle, a zero emission power cycle of highest efficiency. It burns fossil fuels with pure oxygen which enables the cost-effective separation of the combustion CO2 by condensation. The efforts for the oxygen supply in an air separation plant are partly compensated by cycle efficiencies far higher than for modern combined cycle plants. At the ASME IGTI conference 2004 in Vienna a high steam content S-Graz Cycle power plant was presented showing efficiencies for syngas firing up to 70% and a net efficiency of 57% considering oxygen supply and CO2 compression. A first economic analysis gave CO2 mitigation costs of about 10 $/ton CO2 avoided. These favourable data induced the Norwegian oil and gas company Statoil ASA to order a techno-economic evaluation study of the Graz Cycle. In order to allow a benchmarking of the Graz Cycle and a comparison with other CO2 capture concepts, the assumptions of component efficiency and losses are modified to values agreed with Statoil. In this work the new assumptions made and the resulting power cycle for natural gas firing, which is the most likely fuel of a first demonstration plant, are presented. Further modifications of the cycle scheme are discussed and their potential is analyzed. Finally, an economic analysis of the Graz Cycle power plant is performed showing low CO2 mitigation costs in the range of 20 $/ton CO2 avoided, but also the strong dependence of the economics on the investment costs.

Performance and Cost Analysis of Advanced Gas Turbine Cycles With Precombustion CO2 Capture

2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Hoffmann ◽  
Michael Bartlett ◽  
Matthias Finkenrath ◽  
Andrei Evulet ◽  
Tord Peter Ursin
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Co2 Separation ◽  
The Cost

This paper presents the results of an evaluation of advanced combined cycle gas turbine plants with precombustion capture of CO2 from natural gas. In particular, the designs are carried out with the objectives of high efficiency, low capital cost, and low emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. The novel cycles introduced in this paper are comprised of a high-pressure syngas generation island, in which an air-blown partial oxidation reformer is used to generate syngas from natural gas, and a power island, in which a CO2-lean syngas is burnt in a large frame machine. In order to reduce the efficiency penalty of natural gas reforming, a significant effort is spent evaluating and optimizing alternatives to recover the heat released during the process. CO2 is removed from the shifted syngas using either CO2 absorbing solvents or a CO2 membrane. CO2 separation membranes, in particular, have the potential for considerable cost or energy savings compared with conventional solvent-based separation and benefit from the high-pressure level of the syngas generation island. A feasibility analysis and a cycle performance evaluation are carried out for large frame gas turbines such as the 9FB. Both short-term and long-term solutions have been investigated. An analysis of the cost of CO2 avoided is presented, including an evaluation of the cost of modifying the combined cycle due to CO2 separation. The paper describes a power plant reaching the performance targets of 50% net cycle efficiency and 80% CO2 capture, as well as the cost target of 30$ per ton of CO2 avoided (2006 Q1 basis). This paper indicates a development path to this power plant that minimizes technical risks by incremental implementation of new technology.

Performance and Cost Analysis of Advanced Gas Turbine Cycles With Pre-Combustion CO2 Capture

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ste´phanie Hoffmann ◽  
Michael Bartlett ◽  
Matthias Finkenrath ◽  
Andrei Evulet ◽  
Tord Peter Ursin
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Co2 Separation ◽  
The Cost

This paper presents the results of an evaluation of advanced combined cycle gas turbine plants with pre-combustion capture of CO2 from natural gas. In particular, the designs are carried out with the objectives of high efficiency, low capital cost and low emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. The novel cycles introduced in this paper are comprised of a high-pressure syngas generation island, in which an air-blown POX reformer is used to generate syngas from natural gas, and a power island, in which a CO2-lean syngas is burnt in a large frame machine. In order to reduce the efficiency penalty of natural gas reforming, a significant effort is spent evaluating and optimizing alternatives to recover the heat released during the process. CO2 is removed from the shifted syngas using either CO2 absorbing solvents or a CO2 membrane. CO2 separation membranes, in particular, have the potential for considerable cost or energy savings compared to conventional solvent-based separation and benefit from the high pressure level of the syngas generation island. A feasibility analysis and a cycle performance evaluation are carried out for large frame gas turbines such as the 9FB. Both short term and long term solutions have been investigated. An analysis of the cost of CO2 avoided is presented, including an evaluation of the cost of modifying the combined cycle due to CO2 separation. The paper describes a power plant reaching the performance targets of 50% net cycle efficiency and 80% CO2 capture, as well as the cost target of 30$ per ton of CO2 avoided. This paper indicates a development path to this power plant that minimizes technical risks by incremental implementation of new technology.

Comparison Between the Coal-Fired Power Plant With CO2 Capture by Integrating MCFCs System and the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle System Integrated MCFCs

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Bian ◽  
Siyu Sun ◽  
Kun Xia ◽  
Liqiang Duan ◽  
Umberto Desideri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Capture Rate ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Integrated Gasification

In this paper the coal-fired power plant with CO2 capture by integrating MCFCs system and the integrated coal gasification with CO2 capture by integrating MCFCs combined cycle system are compared with each other in different ways. The effects of the key parameters of MCFC on the performance of two systems, such as CO2 utilization factor, fuel utilization factor and the current density of MCFC, have been analyzed and compared. Aspen Plus soft is used to develop the system models and the key parameters of MCFC are calculated, analyzed and optimized. The flue gas of the coal-fired power plant (CFPP) or the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) system is used as the reactant gas of MCFC cathode side, reacting with fuel in the anode side and producing power. The anode exhaust gas burns with pure oxygen in the afterburner. The CO2 in the flue gas is further concentrated and captured with the lower energy consumption. The results show that, the efficiency of the coal-fired power plant integrating MCFCs system is about 45.75% when the CO2 capture rate is 88.07%, and the efficiency of the IGCC system integrating MCFCs is about 47.31% when the CO2 capture rate is 88.14%. Achievements in this paper will provide the valuable reference for CO2 capture of coal-fired power plant and IGCC with low energy penalty.

Thermodynamic and Economic Investigation of an Improved Graz Cycle Power Plant for CO2 Capture

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Sanz ◽  
H. Jericha ◽  
M. Moser ◽  
F. Heitmeir
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Emission Power ◽  
Steam Content ◽  
Zero Emission

Introduction of closed cycle gas turbines with their capability of retaining combustion generated CO2 can offer a valuable contribution to the Kyoto goal and to future power generation. Therefore research and development at Graz University of Technology since the 90’s has lead to the Graz Cycle, a zero emission power cycle of highest efficiency. It burns fossil fuels with pure oxygen which enables the cost-effective separation of the combustion CO2 by condensation. The efforts for the oxygen supply in an air separation plant are partly compensated by cycle efficiencies far higher than 60%. In this work a further development, the S-Graz Cycle is presented, which works with a cycle fluid of high steam content. Thermodynamic investigations show efficiencies up to 70% and a net efficiency of 60% including the oxygen supply. For a 100 MW prototype plant the layout of the main turbo-machinery is performed to show the feasibility of all components. Finally, an economic analysis of a S-Graz Cycle power plant is performed showing very low CO2 mitigation costs in the range of 10 $/ton CO2 captured, making this zero emission power plant a promising technology in the case of a future CO2 tax.

Thermodynamic and Economic Investigation of an Improved Graz Cycle Power Plant for CO2 Capture

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Sanz ◽  
Herbert Jericha ◽  
Mathias Moser ◽  
Franz Heitmeir
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Emission Power ◽  
Steam Content ◽  
Zero Emission

Introduction of closed-cycle gas turbines with their capability of retaining combustion generated CO2 can offer a valuable contribution to the Kyoto goal and to future power generation. Therefore, research and development at Graz University of Technology since the 1990s has lead to the Graz Cycle, a zero emission power cycle of highest efficiency. It burns fossil fuels with pure oxygen, which enables the cost-effective separation of the combustion CO2 by condensation. The efforts for the oxygen supply in an air separation plant are partly compensated by cycle efficiencies far higher than 60%. In this work a further development, the S-Graz Cycle, which works with a cycle fluid of high steam content, is presented. Thermodynamic investigations show efficiencies up to 70% and a net efficiency of 60%, including the oxygen supply. For a 100 MW prototype plant the layout of the main turbomachinery is performed to show the feasibility of all components. Finally, an economic analysis of a S-Graz Cycle power plant is performed showing very low CO2 mitigation costs in the range of $10/ton CO2 captured, making this zero emission power plant a promising technology in the case of a future CO2 tax.

scholarly journals Powering Ahead

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (05) ◽  
pp. 30-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee S. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
The Military

This article explores the increasing use of natural gas in different turbine industries and in turn creating an efficient electrical system. All indications are that the aviation market will be good for gas turbine production as airlines and the military replace old equipment and expanding economies such as China and India increase their air travel. Gas turbines now account for some 22% of the electricity produced in the United States and 46% of the electricity generated in the United Kingdom. In spite of this market share, electrical power gas turbines have kept a much lower profile than competing technologies, such as coal-fired thermal plants and nuclear power. Gas turbines are also the primary device behind the modern combined power plant, about the most fuel-efficient technology we have. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries is developing a new J series gas turbine for the combined cycle power plant market that could achieve thermal efficiencies of 61%. The researchers believe that if wind turbines and gas turbines team up, they can create a cleaner, more efficient electrical power system.

scholarly journals Solvent Screening and Feasible Study of Retrofitting CO2 Capture System for Natural Gas Combined Cycle Power Plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 2394-2401
Author(s):  
Satoshi Saito ◽  
Norihide Egami ◽  
Toshihisa Kiyokuni ◽  
Mitsuru Udatsu ◽  
Hideo Kitamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas Combined Cycle ◽  
Feasible Study

Part-Load Operation of Gas Turbines Induced by Co-Gasification of Coal and Biomass in an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Power Plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Ravelli
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Guide Vane ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Integrated Gasification

Abstract This study takes inspiration from a previous work focused on the simulations of the Willem-Alexander Centrale (WAC) power plant located in Buggenum (the Netherlands), based on integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) technology, under both design and off-design conditions. These latter included co-gasification of coal and biomass, in proportions of 30:70, in three different fuel mixtures. Any drop in the energy content of the coal/biomass blend, with respect to 100% coal, translated into a reduction in gas turbine (GT) firing temperature and load, according to the guidelines of WAC testing. Since the model was found to be accurate in comparison with operational data, here attention is drawn to the GT behavior. Hence part load strategies, such as fuel-only turbine inlet temperature (TIT) control and inlet guide vane (IGV) control, were investigated with the aim of maximizing the net electric efficiency (ηel) of the whole plant. This was done for different GT models from leading manufactures on a comparable size, in the range between 190–200 MW. The influence of fuel quality on overall ηel was discussed for three binary blends, over a wide range of lower heating value (LHV), while ensuring a concentration of H2 in the syngas below the limit of 30 vol%. IGV control was found to deliver the highest IGCC ηel combined with the lowest CO2 emission intensity, when compared not only to TIT control but also to turbine exhaust temperature control, which matches the spec for the selected GT engine. Thermoflex® was used to compute mass and energy balances in a steady environment thus neglecting dynamic aspects.

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