Thermoeconomic Optimization of the Part-Flow Evaporative Gas Turbine Cycles

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mortaza Yari
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Testing Stage ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The evaporative gas turbine cycle is a new high-efficiency power cycle that has reached the pilot plant testing stage. The latest configuration proposed for this cycle is known as part flow evaporative gas turbine cycle (PEvGT) in which humidification is combined with steam injection. Having advantages of both steam injected and humid air cycles, it is regarded as a very desirable plant for future. The aim of this work is to investigate the economic performance of the PEvGT cycles: PEvGT and PEvGT-IC (Intercooled PEvGT cycle), based on the thermoeconomic analysis. The results are presented and the influence of the several parameters is discussed: pressure ratio, part-flow humidification rate and the cycle configuration. Also the thermoeconomic optimization of the cycles have been done and discussed.

Exergetic Analysis of the Part-Flow Evaporative Gas Turbine Cycles

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mortaza Yari ◽  
Kazem Sarabchi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Testing Stage ◽  
Exergetic Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The evaporative gas turbine cycle is a new high-efficiency power cycle that has reached the pilot plant testing stage. The latest configuration proposed for this cycle is known as part flow evaporative gas turbine cycle (PEvGT) in which humidification is combined with steam injection. Having advantages of both steam injected and humid air cycles, it is regarded as a very desirable plant for future. A mathematical model of the PEvGT cycle was presented in the previous work (Yari and Sarabchi, 2004), in order to do the analysis of the cycles. In this work the exergy equations have been added to the mathematical model. The aim of this work is to investigate the performance of the PEvGT cycles: PEvGT and PEvGT-IC (Intercooled PEvGT cycle), based on the exergy analysis. The results are presented and the influence of the several parameters is discussed: pressure ratio, part-flow humidification rate and the cycle configuration. Also the optimum cycle configuration has been selected from the exergetic point of view.

Modelling and optimization of part-flow evaporative gas turbine cycles

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (7) ◽  
pp. 533-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Yari ◽  
K Sarabchi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Thermodynamic Simulation ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Testing Stage ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The evaporative gas turbine cycle is a new high-efficiency power cycle that has reached the pilot plant testing stage. This article presents the construction of a mathematical model for thermodynamic simulation of part-flow evaporative gas turbine cycle including steam injection. The maximum deviation of predicted performance results by this model from available data in literature was 1 per cent. Then, changes in configuration of this cycle have been investigated. Configuration changes concern using feed water heater and injection of saturated vapour instead of superheated vapour to the humid air in the cycle. This investigation shows that both these strategies were in the direction of improvement of efficiency and specific work of cycles (intercooled and non-intercooled). The results obtained from this research show that using spray cooler as the intercooler in the intercooled cycle offers interesting perspectives. In addition, the optimization of part-flow evaporative gas turbine (PEvGT) cycles in the systematic manner is presented and discussed.

Comparative Investigation of Various Humidified Gas Turbine Cycles

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yari ◽  
K. Sarabchi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

Various advanced gas turbine cycles have been proposed to compete with combined cycles. One of the promising cycles is humid air turbine cycle. The latest configuration proposed for this cycle is known as part flow evaporative gas turbine cycle (PEvGT) in which humidification is combined with steam injection. Having advantages of both steam injected and humid air cycles, it is regarded as a very desirable plant for future. The objectives of this paper are: Development of a comprehensive model for analysis of PEvGT cycle in order to predict its performance parameters depending on different design conditions. It should be noted that the model validated with available data in literature. Comparing the performance of PEvGT cycle with full flow evaporative gas turbine cycle (FEvGT) and stand alone steam injected gas turbine cycle (STIG). Based on a computer code developed for this research, a parametric analysis was carried out for the above-mentioned cycles for a wide range of pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature variations. The obtained results show that the specific net work of PEvGT cycle, for given conditions, is higher than for both FEvGT and STIG cycles. On the other hand, the efficiency of PEvGT is higher than STIG but is slightly lower than FEvGT cycle.

Design Study of a Humidification Tower for the Advanced Humid Air Turbine System

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidefumi Araki ◽  
Shinichi Higuchi ◽  
Shinya Marushima ◽  
Shigeo Hatamiya
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Water Atomization ◽  
Air Cooler ◽  
Compressor Work

The AHAT (advanced humid air turbine) system, which can be equipped with a heavy-duty, single-shaft gas turbine, aims at high efficiency equal to that of the HAT system. Instead of an intercooler, a WAC (water atomization cooling) system is used to reduce compressor work. The characteristics of a humidification tower (a saturator), which is used as a humidifier for the AHAT system, were studied. The required packing height and the exit water temperature from the humidification tower were analyzed for five virtual gas turbine systems with different capacities (1MW, 3.2MW, 10MW, 32MW and 100MW) and pressure ratios (π = 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24). Thermal efficiency of the system was compared with that of a simple cycle and a recuperative cycle with and without the WAC system. When the packing height of the humidification tower was changed, the required size varied for the three heat exchangers around the humidification tower (a recuperator, an economizer and an air cooler). The packing height with which the sum total of the size of the packing and these heat exchangers became a minimum was 1m for the lowest pressure ratio case, and 6m for the highest pressure ratio case.

Combustion Chamber Steam Injection for Gas Turbine Performance Improvement During High Ambient Temperature Operations

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Bouam ◽  
Slimane Aissani ◽  
Rabah Kadi
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The gas turbines are generally used for large scale power generation. The basic gas turbine cycle has low thermal efficiency, which decreases in the hard climatic conditions of operation, so the cycles with thermodynamic improvement is found to be necessary. Among several methods shown their success in increasing the performances, the steam injected gas turbine cycle (STIG) consists of introducing a high amount of steam at various points in the cycle. The main purpose of the present work is to improve the principal characteristics of gas turbine used under hard condition of temperature in Algerian Sahara by injecting steam in the combustion chamber. The suggested method has been studied and compared to a simple cycle. Efficiency, however, is held constant when the ambient temperature increases from ISO conditions to 50°C. Computer program has been developed for various gas turbine processes including the effects of ambient temperature, pressure ratio, injection parameters, standard temperature, and combustion chamber temperature with and without steam injection. Data from the performance testing of an industrial gas turbine, computer model, and theoretical study are used to check the validity of the proposed model. The comparison of the predicted results to the test data is in good agreement. Starting from the advantages, we recommend the use of this method in the industry of hydrocarbons. This study can be contributed for experimental tests.

A Unique Approach for Thermo-Economic Optimization of an Intercooled, Reheat and Recuperated Gas Turbine for Cogeneration Applications

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bhargava ◽  
A. Peretto
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Cost Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Sale Price ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

In the present paper, a comprehensive methodology for the thermo-economic performance optimization of an intercooled reheat (ICRH) gas turbine with recuperation for cogenerative applications has been presented covering a wide range of power-to-heat ratio values achievable. To show relative changes in the thermo-economic performance for the recuperated ICRH gas turbine cycle, results for ICRH, recuperated Brayton and simple Brayton cycles are also included in the paper. For the three load cases investigated, the recuperated ICRH gas turbine cycle provides the highest values of electric efficiency and Energy Saving Index for the cogenerative systems requiring low thermal loads (high power-to-heat ratio) compared to the other cycles. Also, this study showed, in general, that the recuperated ICRH cycle permits wider power-to-heat ratio range compared to the other cycles and for different load cases examined, a beneficial thermodynamic characteristic for the cogeneration applications. Furthermore, this study clearly shows that implementation of the recuperated ICRH cycle in a cogeneration system will permit to design a gas turbine which has the high specific work capacity and high electric efficiency at low value of the overall cycle pressure ratio compared to the other cycles studied. Economic performance of the investigated gas turbine cycles have been found dependent on the power-to-heat ratio value and the selected cost structure (fuel cost, electric sale price, steam sale price etc.), the results for a selected cost structure in the study are discussed in this paper.

Development of Elemental Technologies for Advanced Humid Air Turbine System

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Kuroki ◽  
Shigeo Hatamiya ◽  
Takanori Shibata ◽  
Tomomi Koganezawa ◽  
Nobuaki Kizuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Recovery System

The advanced humid air turbine (AHAT) system improves the thermal efficiency of gas turbine power generation by using a humidifier, a water atomization cooling (WAC) system, and a heat recovery system, thus eliminating the need for an extremely high firing temperature and pressure ratio. The following elemental technologies have been developed to realize the AHAT system: (1) a broad working range and high-efficiency compressor that utilizes the WAC system to reduce compression work, (2) turbine blade cooling techniques that can withstand high heat flux due to high-humidity working gas, and (3) a combustor that achieves both low NOx emissions and a stable flame condition with high-humidity air. A gas turbine equipped with a two-stage radial compressor (with a pressure ratio of 8), two-stage axial turbine, and a reverse-flow type of single-can combustor has been developed based on the elemental technologies described above. A pilot plant that consists of a gas turbine generator, recuperator, humidification tower, water recovery system, WAC system, economizer, and other components is planned to be constructed, with testing slated to begin in October 2006 to validate the performance and reliability of the AHAT system. The expected performance is as follows: thermal efficiency of 43% (LHV), output of 3.6MW, and NOx emissions of less than 10ppm at 15% O2. This paper introduces the elemental technologies and the pilot plant to be built for the AHAT system.

Development of Elemental Technologies for Advanced Humid Air Turbine System

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Kuroki ◽  
Takanori Shibata ◽  
Tomomi Koganezawa ◽  
Nobuaki Kizuka ◽  
Shigeo Hatamiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Recovery System

The Advanced Humid Air Turbine (AHAT) system improves the thermal efficiency of gas turbine power generation by using a humidifier, a Water Atomization Cooling (WAC) system, and a heat recovery system, thus eliminating the need for an extremely high firing temperature and pressure ratio. The following elemental technologies have been developed to realize the AHAT system: (1) a broad working range and high-efficiency compressor that utilizes the WAC system to reduce compression work, (2) turbine blade cooling techniques that can withstand high heat flux due to high-humidity working gas, and (3) a combustor that achieves both low NOx emissions and a stable flame condition with high-humidity air. A gas turbine equipped with a two-stage radial compressor (with a pressure ratio of 8), two-stage axial turbine, and a reverse-flow type of single-can combustor has been developed based on the elemental technologies described above. A pilot plant that consists of a gas turbine generator, recuperator, humidification tower, water recovery system, WAC system, economizer, and other components is planned to be constructed, with testing slated to begin in October 2006 to validate the performance and reliability of the AHAT system. The expected performance is as follows: thermal efficiency of 43% (LHV), output of 3.6 MW, and NOx emissions of less than 10 ppm at 15% O2. This paper introduces the elemental technologies and the pilot plant to be built for the AHAT system.

Test Results From the Advanced Humid Air Turbine System Pilot Plant: Part 1—Overall Performance

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Higuchi ◽  
Tomomi Koganezawa ◽  
Yasuhiro Horiuchi ◽  
Hidefumi Araki ◽  
Takanori Shibata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Overall Performance

The AHAT (advanced humid air turbine) system is based on a recuperated cycle using high-humidity air. This system improves thermal efficiency by using the high-humidity air as working gas. After many studies and elemental tests, a 4MW-class pilot plant was planned and built in order to verify feasibility of the AHAT system from the viewpoints of heat cycle characteristic and engineering. This plant consists of a gas turbine, a recuperator, a humidification tower, a water recovery system, an economizer, and other components. The gas turbine consists of a two-stage centrifugal compressor (pressure ratio of 8), a reverse-flow type single-can combustor, and a two-stage axial-flow turbine. In overall performance tests, the plant thermal efficiency exceeded 40%LHV.

Design Study of a Humidification Tower for the Advanced Humid Air Turbine System

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidefumi Araki ◽  
Shinichi Higuchi ◽  
Shinya Marushima ◽  
Shigeo Hatamiya
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Water Atomization ◽  
Air Cooler ◽  
Compressor Work

The advanced humid air turbine (AHAT) system, which can be equipped with a heavy-duty, single-shaft gas turbine, aims at high efficiency equal to that of the HAT system. Instead of an intercooler, a WAC (water atomization cooling) system is used to reduce compressor work. The characteristics of a humidification tower (a saturator), which is used as a humidifier for the AHAT system, were studied. The required packing height and the exit water temperature from the humidification tower were analyzed for five virtual gas turbine systems with different capacities (1, 3.2, 10, 32, and 100MW) and pressure ratios (π=8, 12, 16, 20, and 24). Thermal efficiency of the system was compared with that of a simple cycle and a recuperative cycle with and without the WAC system. When the packing height of the humidification tower was changed, the required size varied for the three heat exchangers around the humidification tower (a recuperator, an economizer, and an air cooler). The packing height with which the sum total of the size of the packing and these heat exchangers became a minimum was 1m for the lowest pressure ratio case, and 6m for the highest pressure ratio case.

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