Model of a Combined Cycle Steam Section for Use in an On-Line Fuzzy-Based Diagnosis System

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Barbosa ◽  
Sandro Ferreira ◽  
Raphael Duarte ◽  
Paula Ribeiro Pinto ◽  
Marília Paula e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Diagnosis System ◽  
Power Plant Equipment ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
On Line ◽  
Good Agreement

In recent years, combined cycle power plants showed remarkable progress in the safe operation and reliability of their equipment, mostly because of the reliable control and instrumentation systems available today. However, these systems cannot detect and evaluate inconsistencies in the behaviour of equipment due to failures and avoid trips caused by catastrophic events. Computer models developed to simulate the power plant equipment are often employed in diagnosis tools in order to provide accurate healthy parameters that are compared to the field measured parameters. In this work, the computer models built for the simulation of some of the main bottoming cycle equipment of a real power plant (steam turbine, HRSG, boiler feed water pumps and condenser) are described. These models were developed through characteristics maps and constitutive equations related to the fluid path analysis, implemented in Fortran language. The results provided by the developed models for each equipment show good agreement with operational data at base and partial load in simulations that covered a good part of the load domain. Due to the good agreement between the measured parameters values and those calculated through simulation, these models are intended to be included in an on-line fuzzy-based diagnosis system.

Repowering of a Rankine Cycle Power Plant by Means of Concentrating Solar Collectors

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio M. Camporeale ◽  
Bernardo Fortunato ◽  
Alessandro Saponaro
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
Steam Turbine Condenser

Repowering of an existing steam power plant by means of solar concentrating collectors is examined as a viable option to decrease CO2 emissions and increase electric power production during daytime peak load energy demanding hours. In the proposed scheme, the regenerative bleeds from the steam turbine are partially intercepted while boiler feed-water is heated by means of parabolic solar trough concentrating collectors. It is considered that fossil boiler, steam turbine and condenser are the same of the original plant, without modifications. After choosing a steam cycle reproducing an existing power plant, the scheme of solar repowering is examined and the efficiency of conversion of the solar energy is optimized in relation to the characteristics of the solar collector. The paper shows that the modified scheme produces very little effects on the working conditions of the existing components, either at full load or partial load, and does not reduce the conversion efficiency of the fossil fuel. In comparison with solar thermal power plants with heat storage and only solar energy as thermal input, the proposed scheme is expected to have comparable efficiency but lower costs per kWh produced, as a consequence of the fact that there is no need for steam turbine, condenser, cooling tower and auxiliary boiler. Moreover it is expected that personnel and maintenance costs will be lower.

Application of On-Line Optimization Technology to Plant Operation

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney R. Gay
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Plant Operation ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
On Line

Traditionally optimization has been thought of as a technology to set power plant controllable parameters (i.e. gas turbine power levels, duct burner fuel flows, auxiliary boiler fuel flows or bypass/letdown flows) so as to maximize plant operations. However, there are additional applications of optimizer technology that may be even more beneficial than simply finding the best control settings for current operation. Most smaller, simpler power plants (such as a single gas turbine in combined cycle operation) perceive little need for on-line optimization, but in fact could benefit significantly from the application of optimizer technology. An optimizer must contain a mathematical model of the power plant performance and of the economic revenue and cost streams associated with the plant. This model can be exercised in the “what-if” mode to supply valuable on-line information to the plant operators. The following quantities can be calculated: Target Heat Rate Correction of Current Plant Operation to Guarantee Conditions Current Power Generation Capacity (Availability) Average Cost of a Megawatt Produced Cost of Last Megawatt Cost of Process Steam Produced Cost of Last Pound of Process Steam Heat Rate Increment Due to Load Change Prediction of Future Power Generation Capability (24 Hour Prediction) Prediction of Future Fuel Consumption (24 Hour Prediction) Impact of Equipment Operational Constraints Impact of Maintenance Actions Plant Budget Analysis Comparison of Various Operational Strategies Over Time Evaluation of Plant Upgrades The paper describes examples of optimizer applications other than the on-line computation of control setting that have provided benefit to plant operators. Actual plant data will be used to illustrate the examples.

A Case Study of Optimizing Combined Cycle Performance at Kalaeloa

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmer Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Monitoring Tools ◽  
Online Performance Monitoring ◽  
On Line

Fuel is by far the largest expenditure for energy production for most power plants. New tools for on-line performance monitoring have been developed for reducing fuel consumption while at the same time optimizing operational performance. This paper highlights a case study where an online performance-monitoring tool was employed to continually evaluate plant performance at the Kalaeloa Combined Cycle Power Plant. Justification for investment in performance monitoring tools is presented. Additionally the influence of various loss parameters on the cycle performance is analyzed with examples. Thus, demonstrating the potential savings achieved by identifying and correcting the losses typically occurring from deficiencies in high impact component performance.

Thermo-Economic Assessment Under Electrical Market Uncertainties of a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Integrated With a Flue Gas-Condensing Heat Pump

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Vannoni ◽  
Andrea Giugno ◽  
Alessandro Sorce
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

Abstract Renewable energy penetration is growing, due to the target of greenhouse-gas-emission reduction, even though fossil fuel-based technologies are still necessary in the current energy market scenario to provide reliable back-up power to stabilize the grid. Nevertheless, currently, an investment in such a kind of power plant might not be profitable enough, since some energy policies have led to a general decrease of both the average price of electricity and its variability; moreover, in several countries negative prices are reached on some sunny or windy days. Within this context, Combined Heat and Power systems appear not just as a fuel-efficient way to fulfill local thermal demand, but also as a sustainable way to maintain installed capacity able to support electricity grid reliability. Innovative solutions to increase both the efficiency and flexibility of those power plants, as well as careful evaluations of the economic context, are essential to ensure the sustainability of the economic investment in a fast-paced changing energy field. This study aims to evaluate the economic viability and environmental impact of an integrated solution of a cogenerative combined cycle gas turbine power plant with a flue gas condensing heat pump. Considering capital expenditure, heat demand, electricity price and its fluctuations during the whole system life, the sustainability of the investment is evaluated taking into account the uncertainties of economic scenarios and benchmarked against the integration of a cogenerative combined cycle gas turbine power plant with a Heat-Only Boiler.

The Elephant in the Room–Gas Turbine Power

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (12) ◽  
pp. 57-57
Author(s):  
Lee S. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Electrical Generator ◽  
Gas Turbine Exhaust

This article presents an overview of gas turbine combined cycle (CCGT) power plants. Modern CCGT power plants are producing electric power as high as half a gigawatt with thermal efficiencies approaching the 60% mark. In a CCGT power plant, the gas turbine is the key player, driving an electrical generator. Heat from the hot gas turbine exhaust is recovered in a heat recovery steam generator, to generate steam, which drives a steam turbine to generate more electrical power. Thus, it is a combined power plant burning one unit of fuel to supply two sources of electrical power. Most of these CCGT plants burn natural gas, which has the lowest carbon content of any other hydrocarbon fuel. Their near 60% thermal efficiencies lower fuel costs by almost half compared to other gas-fired power plants. Their installed capital cost is the lowest in the electric power industry. Moreover, environmental permits, necessary for new plant construction, are much easier to obtain for CCGT power plants.

A Combined Cycle Power Plant With Absorption Cooling for Houses Air Conditioning

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamad H. Almutairi ◽  
Jonathan Dewsbury ◽  
Gregory F. Lane-Serff
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Direct Expansion ◽  
Absorption Chiller ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant

This study examined the viability of a single-effect water/lithium bromide absorption chiller driven by steam extracted from the steam turbine in the configuration of a combined cycle power plant (CCPP). System performance was verified based on the annual cooling load profile of 1,000 typical houses in Kuwait obtained from DesignBuilder building simulation software. Computer models that represented a CCPP with an absorption chiller and a CCPP with a Direct-Expansion (DX) air conditioning system were developed using Engineering Equation Solver software. The computer models interacted with the cooling load profiles obtained from DesignBuilder. Analysis shows that the CCPP with the absorption chiller yielded less net electrical power to the utility grid compared to similar CCPPs giving electricity both to the grid and to the Direct-Expansion air conditioning systems given the same cooling requirements. The reason for this finding is the reduction in steam turbine power output resulting from steam extraction.

Thermoeconomic Study of a Small Parabolic Trough Solar Plant

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Duran ◽  
E. A. Rinco´n ◽  
M. Sa´nchez
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Solar Plant ◽  
Solar Power Plants

This work describes the thermoeconomic study of an integrated combined cycle parabolic trough power plant. The parabolic trough plant will economize boiler activity, and thus the thermoeconomic optimization of the configuration of the boiler, including the parabolic trough plant, will be achieved. The objective is to obtain the optimum design parameters for the boiler and the size of the parabolic field. The proposal is to apply the methodology employed by Duran [1] and Valde´s et. al. [2], but with the inclusion of the parabolic trough plant into the optimization problem. It is important to point out that the optimization model be applied to a single pressure level configuration. For future works, it is proposed that the same model be applied to different configurations of integrated combined cycle solar power plants. As a result the optimum thermoeconomic design will be obtained for a parabolic trough plant used to economize the HRSG.

300 MW Combined-Cycle Plant With Integrated Coal Gasification

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf H. Kehlhofer
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
The Individual

In the past 15 years the combined-cycle (gas/steam turbine) power plant has come into its own in the power generation market. Today, approximately 30 000 MW of power are already installed or being built as combined-cycle units. Combined-cycle plants are therefore a proven technology, showing not only impressive thermal efficiency ratings of up to 50 percent in theory, but also proving them in practice and everyday operation (1) (2). Combined-cycle installations can be used for many purposes. They range from power plants for power generation only, to cogeneration plants for district heating or combined cycles with maximum additional firing (3). The main obstacle to further expansion of the combined cycle principle is its lack of fuel flexibility. To this day, gas turbines are still limited to gaseous or liquid fuels. This paper shows a viable way to add a cheap solid fuel, coal, to the list. The plant system in question is a 2 × 150 MW combined-cycle plant of BBC Brown Boveri with integrated coal gasification plant of British Gas/Lurgi. The main point of interest is that all the individual components of the power plant described in this paper have proven their worth commercially. It is therefore not a pilot plant but a viable commercial proposition.

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