The Elephant in the Room–Gas Turbine Power

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (12) ◽  
pp. 57-57
Author(s):  
Lee S. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Electrical Generator ◽  
Gas Turbine Exhaust

This article presents an overview of gas turbine combined cycle (CCGT) power plants. Modern CCGT power plants are producing electric power as high as half a gigawatt with thermal efficiencies approaching the 60% mark. In a CCGT power plant, the gas turbine is the key player, driving an electrical generator. Heat from the hot gas turbine exhaust is recovered in a heat recovery steam generator, to generate steam, which drives a steam turbine to generate more electrical power. Thus, it is a combined power plant burning one unit of fuel to supply two sources of electrical power. Most of these CCGT plants burn natural gas, which has the lowest carbon content of any other hydrocarbon fuel. Their near 60% thermal efficiencies lower fuel costs by almost half compared to other gas-fired power plants. Their installed capital cost is the lowest in the electric power industry. Moreover, environmental permits, necessary for new plant construction, are much easier to obtain for CCGT power plants.

scholarly journals Gas Turbines - Major Greenhouse Gas Inhibitors

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (12) ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
Lee S. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Combined Cycle

This article explains how combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plants can help in reducing greenhouse gas from the atmosphere. In the last 25 years, the development and deployment of CCGT power plants represent a technology breakthrough in efficient energy conversion, and in the reduction of greenhouse gas production. Existing gas turbine CCGT technology can provide a reliable, on-demand electrical power at a reasonable cost along with a minimum of greenhouse gas production. Natural gas, composed mostly of methane, is a hydrocarbon fuel used by CCGT power plants. Methane has the highest heating value per unit mass of any of the hydrocarbon fuels. It is the most environmentally benign of fuels, with impurities such as sulfur removed before it enters the pipeline. If a significant portion of coal-fired Rankine cycle plants are replaced by the latest natural gas-fired CCGT power plants, anthropogenic carbon dioxide released into the earth’s atmosphere would be greatly reduced.

Trial Operation Results of the Fully-Fired Combined Cycle Generating Plants in Chita

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Mita ◽  
N. Ando ◽  
A. Kawauchi ◽  
K. Morikawa
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Operation Results

A fully-fired combined cycle power plant (FFCCPP) combines a steam thermal power plant with a gas turbine. Hot exhaust gases fed from the gas turbine are used as combustion air for the boiler, thus increasing total plant output and efficiency. An unusually hot spell in Japan in the summer of 1990 brought about such a rapid surge in power demand for air conditioning so that all electric power companies registered record highs in consumption. This promoted Chubu Electric Power Co. to decide to add a 154-MW gas turbine to each of its six existing steam thermal power plants (four 700-MW and two 375-MW units), thus repowering their system into an FFCCPP. Construction work began in 1992. In September, 1994, two 700-MW steam thermal power plants (Chita Thermal Power Plant’s No. 6 unit and Chita Second Thermal Power Plant’s No. 1 unit) were modified into FFCCPPs, which then began operating in a trouble-free manner. This paper reports the characteristics and test-run results of the above two plants, which have been operating in good condition as the largest-capacity FFCCPPs in the world.

scholarly journals Powering Ahead

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (05) ◽  
pp. 30-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee S. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
The Military

This article explores the increasing use of natural gas in different turbine industries and in turn creating an efficient electrical system. All indications are that the aviation market will be good for gas turbine production as airlines and the military replace old equipment and expanding economies such as China and India increase their air travel. Gas turbines now account for some 22% of the electricity produced in the United States and 46% of the electricity generated in the United Kingdom. In spite of this market share, electrical power gas turbines have kept a much lower profile than competing technologies, such as coal-fired thermal plants and nuclear power. Gas turbines are also the primary device behind the modern combined power plant, about the most fuel-efficient technology we have. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries is developing a new J series gas turbine for the combined cycle power plant market that could achieve thermal efficiencies of 61%. The researchers believe that if wind turbines and gas turbines team up, they can create a cleaner, more efficient electrical power system.

scholarly journals Gas Turbine Heat Recovery Steam Generators for Combined Cycles Natural or Forced Circulation Considerations

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akber Pasha
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Steam Generator ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Natural Circulation ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Heat Recovery Steam Generator ◽  
Steam Generators ◽  
Forced Circulation ◽  
Gas Turbine Exhaust

In recent years the combined cycle has become a very attractive power plant arrangement because of its high cycle efficiency, short order-to-on-line time and flexibility in the sizing when compared to conventional steam power plants. However, optimization of the cycle and selection of combined cycle equipment has become more complex because the three major components, Gas Turbine, Heat Recovery Steam Generator and Steam Turbine, are often designed and built by different manufacturers. Heat Recovery Steam Generators are classified into two major categories — 1) Natural Circulation and 2) Forced Circulation. Both circulation designs have certain advantages, disadvantages and limitations. This paper analyzes various factors including; availability, start-up, gas turbine exhaust conditions, reliability, space requirements, etc., which are affected by the type of circulation and which in turn affect the design, price and performance of the Heat Recovery Steam Generator. Modern trends around the world are discussed and conclusions are drawn as to the best type of circulation for a Heat Recovery Steam Generator for combined cycle application.

scholarly journals Operation and Test of a New 37 MW Gas Turbine Package Power Plant

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jermanok ◽  
R. E. Keith ◽  
E. F. Backhaus
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Initial Operation ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Electric Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

A new 37-MW, single-shaft gas turbine power plant has been designed for electric power generation, for use in either simple-cycle or combined-cycle applications. This paper describes the design features, instrumentation, installation, test, and initial operation.

scholarly journals Destructiveness of Profits and Outlays Associated with Operation of Offshore Wind Electric Power Plant. Part 1: Identification of a Model and its Components

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Tomporowski ◽  
Józef Flizikowski ◽  
Weronika Kruszelnicka ◽  
Izabela Piasecka ◽  
Robert Kasner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Electric Power Plant ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
Electric Power Plants ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Development Prospects

Abstract This paper describes identification and components of destructiveness of energy, economic and ecologic profits and outlays during life cycle of offshore wind electric power plants as well as the most useful models for their design, assembly and use. There are characterized technical conditions (concepts, structures, processes) indispensable for increasing profits and/or decreasing energy, economic and ecological outlays on their operation as well as development prospects for global, European and domestic markets of offshore wind electric power industry. A preliminary analysis was performed for an impact of operators, processed objects, living and artificial environmental objects of a 2MW wind electric power plant on possible increase of profits and decrease of outlays as a result of compensation of destructiveness of the system, environment and man.

Thermo-Economic Assessment Under Electrical Market Uncertainties of a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Integrated With a Flue Gas-Condensing Heat Pump

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Vannoni ◽  
Andrea Giugno ◽  
Alessandro Sorce
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

Abstract Renewable energy penetration is growing, due to the target of greenhouse-gas-emission reduction, even though fossil fuel-based technologies are still necessary in the current energy market scenario to provide reliable back-up power to stabilize the grid. Nevertheless, currently, an investment in such a kind of power plant might not be profitable enough, since some energy policies have led to a general decrease of both the average price of electricity and its variability; moreover, in several countries negative prices are reached on some sunny or windy days. Within this context, Combined Heat and Power systems appear not just as a fuel-efficient way to fulfill local thermal demand, but also as a sustainable way to maintain installed capacity able to support electricity grid reliability. Innovative solutions to increase both the efficiency and flexibility of those power plants, as well as careful evaluations of the economic context, are essential to ensure the sustainability of the economic investment in a fast-paced changing energy field. This study aims to evaluate the economic viability and environmental impact of an integrated solution of a cogenerative combined cycle gas turbine power plant with a flue gas condensing heat pump. Considering capital expenditure, heat demand, electricity price and its fluctuations during the whole system life, the sustainability of the investment is evaluated taking into account the uncertainties of economic scenarios and benchmarked against the integration of a cogenerative combined cycle gas turbine power plant with a Heat-Only Boiler.

scholarly journals A Test Rig for the Experimental Investigation of a MGT/SOFC Hybrid Power Plant Based on a 3kWel Micro Gas Turbine

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Martina Hohloch ◽  
Melanie Herbst ◽  
Anna Marcellan ◽  
Timo Lingstädt ◽  
Thomas Krummrein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Hybrid Power Plant ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Electrical Power Output

A hybrid power plant consisting of a micro gas turbine (MGT) and a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a promising technology to reach the demands for future power plants. DLR aims to set up a MGT/SOFC hybrid power plant demonstrator based on a 3 kWel MTT EnerTwin micro gas turbine and an SOFC module with an electrical power output of 30 kWel from Sunfire. For the detailed investigation of the subsystems under hybrid conditions two separate test rigs are set up, one in which the MGT is connected to an emulator of the SOFC and vice versa. The paper introduces the set-up and the functionalities of the MGT based test rig. The special features are highlighted and the possibilities of the cyber physical system for emulation of a hybrid system are explained.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic and Techno-Economic Analyses of a Combined Cycle Power Plant With a Simple Cycle Gas Turbine, the Bottoming Air Turbine Cycle and the Reverse Brayton Cycle

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Shnaid
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Gas Turbine Exhaust ◽  
Economic Analyses

The modem combined cycle power plants achieved thermal efficiency of 50–55% by applying bottoming multistage Rankine steam cycle. At the same time, the Brayton cycle is an attractive option for a bottoming cycle engine. In the author’s US Patent No. 5,442,904 is described a combined cycle system with a simple cycle gas turbine, the bottoming air turbine Brayton cycle, and the reverse Brayton cycle. In this system, air turbine Brayton cycle produces mechanic power using exergy of gas turbine exhaust gases, while the reverse Brayton cycle refrigerates gas turbine inlet air. Using this system, supercharging of gas turbine compressor becomes possible. In the paper, thermodynamic optimization of the system is done, and the system techno-economic characteristics are evaluated.

Challenges in Designing and Building a 700 MW All-Air-Cooled Steam Electric Power Plant

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Langaker ◽  
Christopher Hamker ◽  
Ralph Wyndrum
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Plant Equipment ◽  
Dry Cooling

Large natural gas fired combined cycle electric power plants, while being an increasingly efficient and cost effective technology, are traditionally large consumers of water resources, while also discharging cooling tower blowdown at a similar rate. Water use is mostly attributed to the heat rejection needs of the gas turbine generator, the steam turbine generator, and the steam cycle condenser. Cooling with air, i.e. dry cooling, instead of water can virtually eliminate the environmental impact associated with water usage. Commissioned in the fall of 2010 with this in mind, the Halton Hills Generating Station located in the Greater Toronto West Area, Ontario, Canada, is a nominally-rated 700 Megawatt combined cycle electric generating station that is 100 percent cooled using various air-cooled heat exchangers. The resulting water consumption and wastewater discharge of this power plant is significantly less than comparably sized electric generating plants that derive cooling from wet methods (i.e, evaporative cooling towers). To incorporate dry cooling into such a power plant, it is necessary to consider several factors that play important roles both during plant design as well as construction and commissioning of the plant equipment, including the dry cooling systems. From the beginning a power plant general arrangement and space must account for dry cooling’s increase plot area requirements; constraints therein may render air cooling an impossible solution. Second, air cooling dictates specific parameters of major and auxiliary equipment operation that must be understood and coordinated upon purchase of such equipment. Until recently traditional wet cooling has driven standard designs, which now, in light of dry cooling’s increase in use, must be re-evaluated in full prior to purchase. Lastly, the construction and commissioning of air-cooling plant equipment is a significant effort which demands good planning and execution.

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