Advanced Tool for Railway Planning and Traffic Control Decision Making

Author(s):  
Juan de Dios Sanz Bobi ◽  
Ramo´n Gala´n Lo´pez ◽  
Jose´ Manuel Mera Sa´nchez de Pedro ◽  
Jorge Garzo´n Nu´n˜ez ◽  
Pedro Reyes de la Pen˜a

This paper focuses on the difficulties noticed in Railway’s Decision Making processes according to schedule-making and to control tasks on the central operation post of principal railway lines. Traffic density, rail stations’ capacity and human criteria are main factors in order to develop and to obtain a useful tool for helping Railway Administrations in the decision making processes. In this sense, a tool is presented to operate off-line for planning and scheduling; and on-line for common operation on traffic central post. The architecture is oriented to save time in specific modules where operation tools are trained on different scenarios to solve particular ‘events’ which are defined to be critical for the line. The objective is the generation of an optimal operational plan to regulate the line with minimum train delay according to the characteristics of the line (stations, facilities) and vehicles. The results are proven useful for mass-transport, like underground, or open-line topologies with mixed traffic both passenger and freight.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Dong ◽  
Jibiao Zhou ◽  
Shuichao Zhang

Rapidly increasing e-bike use in China has resulted in new traffic problems including rising accident rates at intersections related to e-bike drivers’ decision-making during multiple signal phases. Traditional one-step decision models (such as GHM) lack randomness and cannot adequately model e-bike drivers’ complex behavior. Therefore, this study used a Hidden Markov Driving Model (HMDM) to analyze e-bike drivers’ decision-making process based on high-resolution trajectory data. Video data were collected at three intersections in Shanghai and processed for use in the HMDM model. Five decision types (pass, stop, stop-pass, pass-stop, and multiple) composed of speed and acceleration/deceleration information were defined and used to analyze the impact of flashing green signals on e-bike drivers’ behavior and decision-making processes. Approximately 40% of drivers made multiple decisions during the flashing green and yellow signal phases, in contrast to the traditional GHM model assumption that drivers only make one decision. Distance from stop-line had the most obvious influence on the number of decisions. The use of flashing green signals nearly eliminated the dilemma zone for e-bike drivers but enlarged the option zone, inducing more stop/pass decisions. HMDM can be applied to improve the accuracy of traffic simulation, the fine design of traffic signals, the stability analysis of traffic control schemes, and so on.


2011 ◽  
Vol 201-203 ◽  
pp. 1632-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Shuang Gao ◽  
Mark P. Taylor ◽  
John J.J. Chen ◽  
Michael J. Hautus

In aluminium smelters, the operational staffs constantly face decision making situations for operation and process control and these decisions can have significant impact on the process. The smelting process involves highly complex mechanisms and has rich information but low observability. In this environment, without support tools, systematic information management, or robust control models, decision making is challenging. This paper discusses different types of decision making processes and demonstrates that naturalistic decision making models (Recognition-Primed Decision Making, ie RPD) are more suitable to describe the situations in smelters. A model which combines an advanced control model, a system and human interactive approach and the thinking process in RPD is proposed to improve the quality of decisions for the operational staffs in smelters, hence the efficiency and productivity of the process.


Author(s):  
Davide Basso ◽  
Carlo Cravero

For a town with complex orography and frequently varying winds, like Genova on the Italian Northern coast, the need for a simulation environment to predict the pollutant evolution according to a given traffic load, would be of utmost importance. A simulation approach based on 3D CFD has been developed keeping in mind the final application: it use for decision making. Several meshes have been set up and their effects on the solution evaluated in order to strike a balance between the quality of physical modelling and the computational resources required to handle it. The aim is that of getting useful results in a short timescale (one/two days). The evolution of the 3D flow and the pollutants has been simulated for two reference days with a time resolution of one hour. The effect of the daily evolution of the wind, heat release and pollution emission (traffic) over 24 hours is highlighted and discussed.


1979 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
G.W.P. Davies ◽  
S. Lustac

So far, the main application of computer systems within organisations has been in the processing of internal data for such purposes as payroll or stock control. Decision making is based on a high proportion of external data, and it is argued that managers and information scientists should make full use of computers and on-line services to capture and merge external with internal data. Examples are given.


2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Howlett

Abstract.This paper begins the analysis of complex multi-actor, multi-round decision-making processes in Canadian public policy formation. After setting out the notion of a decision-making style and its constitutive elements, the paper identifies research into complex multi-actor, multi-round decisions as a serious lacuna in the literature on public policy decision-making, despite the fact that this type of decision-making is very common in public policy-making circumstances. The paper advances research in this area through the analysis of several hypotheses raised in recent European studies concerning the conditions under which such processes are likely to successfully conclude in a decision, rather than an impasse. These hypotheses are tested against evidence taken from five cases of multi-round decision-making in Canada over the period 1995–2005: amendments to the Indian Act, the creation of Species-at-risk legislation, alterations to the Bank Act, the extension of Privacy legislation to the private sector and efforts to develop a Free Trade of the Americas Agreement (FTAA). Data on actor interactions in these five areas gleaned from on-line newspaper and media index services reveals that Canadian results do not match those arrived at in European studies, showing both different patterns of government and non-governmental activity and less volatility in actor behaviour as rounds evolve over time.Résumé.Cet article amorce l'analyse des processus complexes des prises de décisions comportant des acteurs et des séries multiples dans l'élaboration des politiques publiques canadiennes. Après avoir établi la notion d'un style de processus décisionnel et ses éléments constitutifs, l'article avance que le manque de recherche sur les décisions complexes à acteurs et séries multiples est une sérieuse lacune dans la littérature sur le processus décisionnel des politiques publiques, alors que ce type de processus décisionnel est pratique courante dans les situations de prises de décisions en politiques publiques. L'article contribue à la recherche dans ce domaine par l'analyse de plusieurs hypothèses proposées dans de récentes études européennes concernant les conditions dans lesquelles de tels processus ont des chances d'aboutir à une décision, plutôt qu'à une impasse. Ces hypothèses ont été testées dans cinq études de cas de processus décisionnels à séries multiples au Canada entre 1995 et 2005 : les amendements de la Loi sur les Indiens, la création de la législation sur les espèces en péril, les modifications de la Loi sur les banques, l'extension au secteur privé de la législation relative à la protection de la vie privée et la conception de l'accord sur la Zone de libre-échange des Amériques (ZLEA). Les données sur les interactions des acteurs dans ces cinq domaines - données obtenues de services de journaux en ligne et de sommaires médiatiques - révèlent que les résultats canadiens ne correspondent pas à ceux des études européennes : elles montrent à la fois des différences dans les formats d'action gouvernementale et non-gouvernementale et moins d'instabilité dans les comportements des acteurs à mesure que les séries évoluent avec le temps.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maite Lopez-Sanchez ◽  
Marc Serramia ◽  
Juan A. Rodríguez-Aguilar

Currently, Digital Democracy is gaining momentum thanks to online participation platforms, which have emerged as innovative tools that enable citizens to participate in decision making processes. Through these tools, participants can issue proposals and engage into debates by both stating arguments in favour or against and/or by supporting other people’s arguments. In this paper we propose a new support aggregation method derived from the combination of two complementary aggregation methods previously introduced. Additionally, we propose a resilience metric for measuring the quality of the aggregated opinion. We apply our contributions to debates conducted in the Decidim participatory platform.


Groupwork ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Marian F Fatout

The major focus in the group literature on decision-making processes has been in the area of task groups. Relatively little attention has been given to these processes in relation to therapeutic groups. There are linkages between the stages of group decision making and group development which can add understanding and knowledge to practice in therapeutic groups.Publisher’s note: We are now putting all back issues of Groupwork on line. Articles in this issue have been scanned to pdf files as viable original typesetting files no longer exist. Though they may not look it, these files are to some extent searchable. This issue was published nearly 30 years ago. We have stated author professional details as received at time of publication.


2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
António Magalhães ◽  
Amelia Veiga ◽  
Pedro Videira

This paper aims to analyse the shift in the internal power balance between managerial and academic self-governance as reflected in the perceptions of teaching and non-teaching staff on the tendencies, decision-making processes and actor’s roles in these processes. The empirical data used in this paper were gathered on the basis of an on-line survey, distributed throughout 2014 and 2015 in all Portuguese higher education institutions. Responses were interpreted taking into account the influence of governance narratives on the development of boardism, i.e., a decrease of academic self-governance reflecting the decline of the power of teaching staff in HEIs’ governance; an increase of managerial governance as reflected in the reinforcement of hierarchies and organisational top-down decision-making; and the influence of external stakeholders. The analysis contributes to dig into the complexity of the governance arrangements challenging the prevailing influence of the NPM governance narrative while underlining the internal dynamics of HEIs, where Portuguese teaching staff continue to play a key role. 


2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 2497-2500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Xiao Liu ◽  
Guo Zhu Cheng ◽  
Ya Ping Zhang

The number of traffic accidents caused by ice and snow is generally three to four times higher than that in normal condition. In order to improve safety level when driving on ice and snow pavement, adhesion coefficient is a vital parameter need to be analyzed. The relations between adhesion coefficient and temperature, relative humidity, snow’s thickness, snow’s compactness were studied. And their relation models were established. These models may provide the basis for the road administration department to conduct traffic control decision-making according to the weather condition and the state of ice and snow.


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