Combustion Characteristics of Pool Fires Under Low Atmospheric Pressures

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changfa Tao ◽  
Xishi Wang ◽  
Xin Cai
Keyword(s):  
Burning Rate ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Liquid Pool ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Temperature History ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pulsation Frequency ◽  
Pool Fires ◽  
Mass Burning Rate ◽  
Flame Pulsation

In order to study the effects of low atmospheric pressure conditions on combustion characteristics of liquid pool fires, a 1.0m×1.0m×1.0m airtight steel box was constructed and used for altering the ambient pressure with a vacuum pump. Gasoline, diesel oil and n-heptane were tested as the liquid fuels. The mass burning rate, flame pulsation frequency and flame local temperature history of the small scale pool fires were experimentally determined. The results show that the mass burning rate, flame pulsation frequency decrease with the decrease of ambient pressure, while the pulsating intensity is strengthened slightly for the n-heptane flame and weakened for the gasoline flame. It is also shown that the high temperature area of the flame moves upward with the decrease of ambient pressure.

Experimental Study of Mass Burning Rate of Liquid Pool Fires Under Dynamic Pressure in an Altitude Chamber

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenxiang Tao ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
Cong Li ◽  
Yina Yao ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Burning Rate ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Liquid Pool ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
Pool Fires ◽  
Mass Burning Rate

To study the influence of dynamic pressure on the liquid combustion characteristics, two kind sizes of pool fires were studied under varied pressure rates, namely 100Pa/s, 200Pa/s, 300Pa/s from 90kPa to 38kPa in an altitude chamber which size is 2m*3m*4.65m. Combustion characteristics of n-heptane pool fires, such as mass burning rate, flame temperature, chamber pressure were measured in this research. Experiment results show that the mass burning rate of 20cm pool fires, decreases when the ambient pressure reduces, and the variation trend become more sharply when the dynamic pressure rate is increased, while 30cm pool fires at the beginning of the combustion stage almost remain constant, this is because fire heat feedback have a great influence on it. The results also show that compared to the radiation model, pressure model could be linear fitting better in a double logarithm coordinate, and oil pool fires under 300Pa/s of 20cm, 100Pa/s of 30cm the value of α obtained by the fitted curves were more closer to fixed pressure ones.

Study on Burning Characteristics of Small-Scale Ethanol Pool Fire in Closed and Open Space Under Low Air Pressure

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zeng ◽  
Jun Fang ◽  
Ran Tu ◽  
Jinjun Wang ◽  
Yongming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Burning Rate ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Pool Fire ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pulsation Frequency ◽  
Pool Fires ◽  
Closed Space ◽  
Ambient Conditions

This paper presents results of different burning rates of small-scale ethanol pool fires at pressures of 0.6∼1.0 atm in closed and open space. Experiments were performed using a square burner of side length of 4 cm under two different conditions: one was taken in a closed low air pressure cabin (0.5 m3, the interior pressure ranges from 0.6–1.0 atm); another was taken in open space respectively in Hefei (air pressure: 1.0 atm) and Lhasa (air pressure: 0.66 atm). The pool fire characteristics including the burning rate, the axial temperature and pulsation frequency of flame were measured. In closed space, the burning rate, flame temperature, and pulsation frequency of small-scale ethanol pool fires decreased with the decreasing pressure, while in open space they increased when the air pressure reduced. As a result of different ambient conditions and oxygen depletion, the burning rate, flame temperature and pulsation frequency were lower at lower air pressure in closed space but were higher at higher air pressure in open space.

Influence of low air pressure on combustion characteristics and flame pulsation frequency of pool fires

Fuel ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 2760-2766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Fang ◽  
Ran Tu ◽  
Jin-fu Guan ◽  
Jin-jun Wang ◽  
Yong-ming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Pulsation Frequency ◽  
Pool Fires ◽  
Flame Pulsation

Numerical Simulation of Fire in a Gasoline Storage Tank in Reduced-Scale

2017 ◽  
Vol 372 ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Renan Spilka Miranda ◽  
Maria Luiza Sperb Indrusiak ◽  
Felipe Roman Centeno
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Burning Rate ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Type A ◽  
Anhydrous Ethanol ◽  
Flame Height ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mass Burning Rate ◽  
Fuel Mass ◽  
Type C

With the increasing demand for energy and fuels in Brazil, the storage of liquid fuels in multiple tanks is becoming much more usual, posing challenges from the point of view of fire safety. To study this type of phenomenon and to evaluate its possible causes, detecting failures such as ones in design and erection of storage systems or in detection and protection equipment, numerical simulations are performed based on real data. This work presents numerical simulations of a small-scale tank for gasoline storage, based on an experimental study reported in literature. The present research shows results related to temperature in the region adjacent to the tank on fire, fuel mass burning rate, heat release rate and average flame height. Comparisons are made between numerical and experimental results, as well as with available literature results for similar conditions. In addition to gasoline type C (which has anhydrous ethanol in its composition), also gasoline type A (anhydrous ethanol free) is considered. The results obtained for simulations with gasoline type A presented better agreement with literature data than those for gasoline type C, the differences being due to the variable composition of the type C fuel. For example, the reported fuel mass burning rate for gasoline in literature is 0.045 kg/(m2∙s), while the present simulations provided values of 0.038 kg/(m2∙s) for type C and 0.047 kg/(m2∙s) for type A.

Thermal Interaction Between a Circular Pipe and Diesel Pool Fire

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sudheer ◽  
S. V. Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Burning Rate ◽  
Pool Fire ◽  
Circular Pipe ◽  
Blockage Ratio ◽  
Pool Fires ◽  
Cylindrical Container ◽  
Mass Burning Rate ◽  
Insulating Material ◽  
Fire Experiments

Characterization of pool fires in the presence of cylindrical containers is highly relevant for various applications. A cylindrical container is idealized as a circular pipe packed with insulating material inside. Open pool fire experiments are conducted with a cylindrical container located at the center. The pool fire diameters considered were 0.5 m, 0.7 m and 1.0 m with diesel as the fuel. The cylindrical containers are made of stainless steel 304L. The outer diameters of the pipes are 114 mm, 168 mm and of thickness 8.6 mm, 7.1 mm respectively. The effect of blockage ratio on the mass burning rate for vertical and horizontal orientations of 168 mm cylindrical container is studied. It is observed that there is no significant change in mass burning rate due to the blockage effect. Temperatures are measured at various locations inside the pipes and at the center of the insulation. It is observed that the temperatures along a plane perpendicular to the axis are uniform when the pipes are vertically oriented. IHCP 1D code is applied to estimate the incident heat flux on to the bodies when immersed in open pool fires with different orientations.

Experimental study on burning rate of small scale heptane pool fires

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 973-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
QuanSheng Kang ◽  
ShouXiang Lu ◽  
Bing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Burning Rate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pool Fires

Effects of Ambient Pressure on the Mass Burning Rate and Heat Release Rate of n-Heptane Pool Fire

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuju Ma ◽  
Quanyi Liu ◽  
Runhe Tian ◽  
Junjian Ye ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Burning Rate ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Pool Fire ◽  
Pure Liquid ◽  
Mass Burning Rate ◽  
The Mean

This research aims to investigate the effect of ambient pressure on the burning rate and heat release rate (HRR) of n-heptane pool fire. The experiments were performed in a large-scale altitude chamber of size 2 m×3 m×4.65 m under series of pressure, 24kpa, 38 kPa, 64 kPa and 75 kPa to 90 kPa. A round steel fuel pans of 34 cm in diameter and 15 cm in height was chosen for the pool fire tests. The fuel pan was filled with 99% pure liquid n-Heptane. Experimental results show that the burning rate increases rapidly after ignition until it reaches to the peak, and then maintains at a relatively stable stage. It decreases gradually until the flame extinguishes. The burning time is longer at lower pressure. The mean mass burning rate at the steady burning stage increases exponentially with pressure as ṁ ∼ Pα, with α = 0.68. HRR curve has a similar trend with the burning rate. The maximum HRR increases from 27kW to 62kW as the pressure rises from 24kPa to 90kPa. It is concluded that the ambient pressure has a significant effect on the fire heat release rate, and will further influent on other fire parameters.

scholarly journals Experimental and numerical study on low-frequency oscillating behaviour of liquid pool fires in a small-scale mechanically-ventilated compartment

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 102824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Mense ◽  
Yannick Pizzo ◽  
Hugues Prétrel ◽  
Christine Lallemand ◽  
Bernard Porterie
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Liquid Pool ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pool Fires ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated
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