Theoretical and Experimental Study of Compressor and Gas Turbine Performances With Wet Compression

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunhui Wang ◽  
Qun Zheng ◽  
Yufeng Sun ◽  
Guoxue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Wet Compression ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Engine Power

Theoretical and experimental study of compressor and gas turbine performance with wet compression has been carried out on S1A-02 industrial gas turbine to reveal its effects on gas turbines, compressors. Experiment results show that wet compression has significantly effects on performances of gas turbines and compressors; under situations of high ambient temperature, wet compression can be used to restore engine power output.

Parametric Study of Inlet Cooling With Varied COP on Gas Turbine Performance

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Besharati-Givi ◽  
Xianchang Li
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Compressor Inlet

Gas turbines play an important role in power generation, and it is therefore desired to operate gas turbines with high efficiency and power output. One of the most influential parameters on the performance of a gas turbine is the ambient condition. It is known that inlet cooling can improve the gas turbine performance, especially when the ambient temperature is high. This study examines the effect of inlet cooling with different operating parameters such as compressor inlet temperature, turbine inlet temperature, air fuel ratio, and pressure ratio. Furthermore, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the cooling system is considered a function of the ambient temperature. Aspen Plus software is used to simulate the system under a steady-flow condition. The results indicate that the cooling of the compressor inlet air can substantially improve the power output as well as the overall efficiency of system. More importantly, there exists an optimal temperature at which the inlet cooling should be operated to achieve the highest efficiency.

Effects of Inlet Fogging and Wet Compression on Gas Turbine Performance

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepehr Sanaye ◽  
Hossein Rezazadeh ◽  
Mehrdad Aghazeynali ◽  
Mehrdad Samadi ◽  
Daryoush Mehranian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Water Droplets ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Compressor Inlet ◽  
Wet Compression ◽  
Inlet Duct

Inlet fogging has been noticed widely in recent years as a method of gas turbine air inlet cooling for increasing the power output of gas turbines and combined cycle power plants. To study the effects of inlet fogging on gas turbine performance, in the first step, the evaporation of water droplets in the compressor inlet duct was modeled, and at the end of the inlet duct, the diameter of water droplets were estimated. The results of this process were compared with the results of FLUENT software. In the second step, the droplets which were not evaporated in compressor inlet duct were studied during wet compression in the compressor and the reduction in compressor discharge air temperature was predicted. Finally, the effects of both evaporative cooling in inlet duct, and wet compression in compressor, on the power output, and turbine exhaust temperature of a gas turbine with turbine blade cooling were investigated. These results for various amounts of air bleeding, without and with inlet fogging in the range of (0–2%) overspray are reported.

Gas Turbine Fogging Technology — A State-of-the-Art Review: Part II — Overspray Fogging, Analytical and Experimental Aspects

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Bhargava ◽  
C. B. Meher-Homji ◽  
M. A. Chaker ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
F. Melino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Comprehensive Review

The strong influence of ambient temperature on the output and heat rate on a gas turbine has popularized the application of inlet fogging and overspray for power augmentation. One of the main advantages of overspray fogging is that it enhances power output as a result of decrease in compression work associated with the continuous evaporation of water within the compressor due to fog intercooling. A comprehensive review on the current understanding of the analytical and experimental aspects of overspray fogging technology as applied to gas turbines is presented in this paper.

The Impact of Atmospheric Conditions on Gas Turbine Performance

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. El Hadik
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
The Impact

In a hot summer climate, as in Kuwait and other Arabian Gulf countries, the performance of a gas turbine deteriorates drastically during the high-temperature hours (up to 60°C in Kuwait). Power demand is the highest at these times. This necessitates an increase in installed gas turbine capacities to balance this deterioration. Gas turbines users are becoming aware of this problem as they depend more on gas turbines to satisfy their power needs and process heat for desalination due to the recent technical and economical development of gas turbines. This paper is devoted to studying the impact of atmospheric conditions, such as ambient temperature, pressure, and relative humidity on gas turbine performance. The reason for considering air pressures different from standard atmospheric pressure at the compressor inlet is the variation of this pressure with altitude. The results of this study can be generalized to include the cases of flights at high altitudes. A fully interactive computer program based on the derived governing equations is developed. The effects of typical variations of atmospheric conditions on power output and efficiency are considered. These include ambient temperature (range from −20 to 60°C), altitude (range from zero to 2000 m above sea level), and relative humidity (range from zero to 100 percent). The thermal efficiency and specific net work of a gas turbine were calculated at different values of maximum turbine inlet temperature (TIT) and variable environmental conditions. The value of TIT is a design factor that depends on the material specifications and the fuel/air ratio. Typical operating values of TIT in modern gas turbines were chosen for this study: 1000, 1200, 1400, and 1600 K. Both partial and full loads were considered in the analysis. Finally the calculated results were compared with actual gas turbine data supplied by manufacturers.

Design Flexibility Permits a 35000 HP Industrial Gas Turbine to Meet a Wide Range of Application Requirements

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Kuly
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

Two recent applications for a heavy duty industrial gas turbine engine are discussed. The principal design requirements for both cases are compared and the design changes necessary to meet the requirements are illustrated. In the case of a main pipeline compressor driver, the need for high thermal efficiency over a wide range of loads is met by use of a regenerative cycle and by reprogramming the loading sequence. Long term step increases in engine capability were provided by incorporating a unique engine convertability feature. In the case of a process air compressor driver with exhaust heat recovery, the engine exhaust temperature and gas flow imposed constraints on engine capability during high ambient temperature operation and on engine operation at low ambient temperature conditions. The constraints were met by the use of steam injection to augment power at high ambient temperature conditions and by the use of variable inlet guide vanes to control exhaust flow at the low temperatures.

Performance Modeling of a Power Generation Gas Turbine With Wet Compression

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
German Montalvo-Catano ◽  
Walter F. O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Wet Compression ◽  
Evaporation Models ◽  
Operational Data ◽  
Turbine Model

In the last 15 years more than 1000 power generation gas turbines have been modified with an OEM or aftermarket module to generate the wet compression phenomenon where “Hot Day” conditions are present on the site. This modification to the gas turbine increases power, but can produce performance problems including reduced compressor surge margin and possibly a shorter maintenance cycle because of resulting problems present in the compressor such as blade vibration and erosion with impingement of water droplets on the surface of the compressor blades[1]. In the last few years researchers in academia and the private sector have worked to understand the principles behind the wet compression process in order to know in depth how to use the application to best advantage with gas turbines. The main areas of the research on wet compression are thermodynamic analyses, computer fluid dynamic analysis, and the use of operational data. Because present technology is unable to obtain detailed operational data on the evaporation process within the compressor, researchers rely on computer simulations based upon aerothermodynamics and physical measurements of the gas turbines, and assumptions based upon available information. These computer simulations are typically aimed toward explaining the performance data from a specific gas turbine model. Most of these computer simulations are cycle analyses of the gas turbine [2–7], although a few are CFD analyses for a specific compressor using either in-house computer programs or commercial CFD software [8–10]. CFD analysis takes into account the fact that an evaporation model should be used in order to predict how the evaporation of the water droplets occurs through the stages of the compressor. Many of the CFD simulations that have been performed for wet compression assume that the mixture of air, liquid water, and water vapor is at equilibrium throughout the compressor. Also, a single water droplet size is sometimes used for the simulation instead of a size distribution for the droplets. These assumptions simplify the calculations for the software. The results of these simulations may over-forecast the effect of the wet compression and the power output of the gas turbine because of incorrect predictions of evaporation models, or because of the lack of a proper droplet size distribution affecting the calculation. An analysis that properly forecasts the power output of a gas turbine with wet compression is important for design, performance prediction, and operation. The intention of this paper is to show how performance predictions for a power generation gas turbine is affected by applying several evaporation models [2, 4, 5, 7] in a gas turbine model with a detailed, stage-by-stage compressor model. Model predictions are compared with available operational performance data. Conclusions are provided regarding the best evaporation model assumptions for accurate predictions of gas turbine performance with wet compression.

Aero-Thermodynamic Simulation of a Double-Shaft Industrial Evaporative Gas Turbine

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Camporeale ◽  
B. Fortunato
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Thermodynamic Simulation ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Design Performance ◽  
Water Rate ◽  
Advanced Cycles

A modeling study has been carried out in order to determine the behavior of evaporative industrial gas turbines power plants at part-load and for varying ambient temperature. On-design and off-design performance have been analyzed by means of a computational program developed for the analysis of advanced cycles. In order to verify the mathematical model and to evaluate the characteristics of up-to-date gas turbine technology, an industrial engine, presently available on the market, has been simulated. A double-shaft gas turbine for power generation has been considered. On-design performance and ratings vs. ambient temperature have been evaluated, with good accordance. It is assumed that, in order to realize a Recuperated Water Injected (RWI) cycle, the industrial gas turbine could be modified, maintaining substantially unchanged the compression system and modifying the turbine blades. The thermodynamic analysis of the cycle has been carried out in order to determine efficiency and power output as a function of the amount of water addition. The RWI cycle gas turbine has been designed and the characteristic maps of the two new turbines have been evaluated. The regulation is performed by means of the simultaneous manipulation of fuel flow rate, water rate, and position of the free turbine nozzle guide vanes (NGV). The regulation criteria, the interaction among the input variables, the safety of the operations (max. turbine inlet temperature, surge limits) and the optimization of the part-load efficiency, are examined and discussed. Ratings as a function of the ambient temperature are examined. The possibility to manipulate the water rate and the position of the NGV in order to provide high efficiency and power output, even on hot days, has been examined. The paper shows that maintaining constant the temperature at the power turbine exit, ratings decrease of 17% in power and 5% in efficiency.

Uncertainty Reduction in Gas Turbine Performance Diagnostics by Accounting for Humidity Effects

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Mathioudakis ◽  
A. Tsalavoutas
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Performance Diagnostics ◽  
Health Parameters

The paper presents an analysis of the effect of ambient humidity on the performance of industrial gas turbines and examines the impact of humidity on methods used for engine condition assessment and fault diagnostics. First, the way of incorporating the effect of humidity into a computer model of gas turbine performance is described. The model is then used to derive parameters indicative of the “health” of a gas turbine and thus diagnose the presence of deterioration or faults. The impact of humidity magnitude on the values of these health parameters is studied and the uncertainty introduced, if humidity is not taken into account, is assessed. It is shown that the magnitude of the effect of humidity depends on ambient conditions and is more severe for higher ambient temperatures. Data from an industrial gas turbine are presented to demonstrate these effects and to show that if humidity is appropriately taken into account, the uncertainty in the estimation of health parameters is reduced

scholarly journals Applicability of Inlet Air Fogging to Marine Gas Turbine

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Zygfryd Domachowski ◽  
Marek Dzida
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Arid Areas

Abstract The dependency of marine gas turbine on the ambient temperature leads to a decrease of the gas turbine power output in arid areas. Very often gas turbine power output demand is high and the power margins originally designed into the driver, has been exhausted. In such circumstances the inlet air fogging is an effective compensation of gas turbine power. In this paper an analysis of inlet air fogging applicability to marine gas turbine has been conducted. Different areas of ship’s voyage have been taken into account. The use of inlet air fogging in marine gas turbine must be evaluated on the basis of turbine characteristics, climate profile of ship’s voyage, and expectations of gas turbine power augmentation. The authors expect that the considerations provide useful guidance for users of marine gas turbines to decide the feasibility of installing an inlet air fogging system.

Gas Turbine Fogging Technology: A State-of-the-Art Review—Part II: Overspray Fogging—Analytical and Experimental Aspects

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 454-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Bhargava ◽  
C. B. Meher-Homji ◽  
M. A. Chaker ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
F. Melino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Comprehensive Review

The strong influence of ambient temperature on the output and heat rate on a gas turbine has popularized the application of inlet fogging and overspray for power augmentation. One of the main advantages of overspray fogging is that it enhances power output as a result of decrease in compression work associated with the continuous evaporation of water within the compressor due to fog intercooling. A comprehensive review on the current understanding of the analytical and experimental aspects of overspray fogging technology as applied to gas turbines is presented in this paper.

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