Numerical Study of Optimal Building Scales With Low Cooling Load in Both Hot and Mild Climatic Regions

Solar Energy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Scale Ratio ◽  
Building Cooling ◽  
Energy Efficient Building

Natural ventilation is one of the primary strategies for buildings in hot and mild climatic regions to reduce building cooling energy requirement. This paper uses a building energy simulation program and a computational fluid dynamics program to investigate the influence of building scales on building cooling energy consumption with and without natural ventilation. The study examines the energy performance of buildings with different L/W and H/W ratios in both Miami, FL and Los Angeles, CA. The simulation results show the varying trends of natural ventilation potential with increased building scale ratio of L/W and H/W. The comparison of the predicted energy consumptions for twenty buildings discloses the most energy-efficient building scales for rectangular-shape buildings in both hot and mild climates with and without natural ventilation. The study indicates that natural ventilation is more effective in mild climates than in hot climates, which may save cooling energy by 50% and vent fan energy by 70%. The paper analyzes the most suitable seasons for natural ventilation in Miami and Los Angeles. Further simulations indicate that extra cooling benefits associated with more natural ventilation cannot compensate additional heat gains through larger windows.

scholarly journals Impact of Window to Wall Ratio on Energy Loads in Hot Regions: A Study of Building Energy Performance

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1080
Author(s):  
Mamdooh Alwetaishi ◽  
Omrane Benjeddou
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Heating And Cooling

The concern regarding local responsive building design has gained more attention globally as of late. This is due to the issue of the rapid increase in energy consumption in buildings for the purpose of heating and cooling. This has become a crucial issue in educational buildings and especially in schools. The major issue in school buildings in Saudi Arabia is that they are a form of prototype school building design (PSBD). As a result, if there is any concern in the design stage and in relation to the selection of building materials, this will spread throughout the region. In addition to that, the design is repeated regardless of the climate variation within the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This research will focus on the influence of the window to wall ratio on the energy load in various orientations and different climatic regions. The research will use the energy computer tool TAS Environmental Design Solution Limited (EDSL) to calculate the energy load as well as solar gain. During the visit to the sample schools, a globe thermometer will be used to monitor the globe temperature in the classrooms. This research introduces a framework to assist architects and engineers in selecting the proper window to wall ratio (WWR) in each direction within the same building based on adequate natural light with a minimum reliance on energy load. For ultimate WWR for energy performance and daylight, the WWR should range from 20% to 30%, depending on orientation, in order to provide the optimal daylight factor combined with building energy efficiency. This ratio can be slightly greater in higher altitude locations.

Design of A GUI Tool for the Prediction of Building Energy Performance

2010 ◽  
Vol 29-32 ◽  
pp. 2789-2793
Author(s):  
Cheng Wen Yan ◽  
Jian Yao ◽  
Jin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Building Energy Performance ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
Building Physics ◽  
Energy Efficient Building

In the present study a GUI tool for the prediction of building energy performance based on a three-layered BP neural network and MATLAB was developed. The inputs for this tool are the 18 building envelope parameters. The outputs are building heating, cooling and total energy consumptions and the energy saving rate. Compared with the complicated mathematical equations, this tool provides a very easy and effective method for students to learn the effects of building envelope performance parameters on the building energy performance. Thus, this tool can be used in building physics and building energy efficiency courses for the design of energy efficient building.

scholarly journals Revealing the Impacts of Passive Cooling Techniques on Building Energy Performance: A Residential Case in Hong Kong

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan-Rui Yu ◽  
Han-Sen Guo ◽  
Qian-Cheng Wang ◽  
Rui-Dong Chang
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Total Energy Consumption

Environmental concerns and growing energy costs raise the importance of sustainable development and energy conservation. The building sector accounts for a significant portion of total energy consumption. Passive cooling techniques provide a promising and cost-efficient solution to reducing the energy demand of buildings. Based on a typical residential case in Hong Kong, this study aims to analyze the integration of various passive cooling techniques on annual and hourly building energy demand with whole building simulation. The results indicate that infiltration and insulation improvement are effective in regard to energy conservation in buildings, while the effectiveness of variations in building orientation, increasing natural ventilation rate, and phase change materials (PCM) are less significant. The findings will be helpful in the passive house standard development in Hong Kong and contribute to the further optimization work to realize both energy efficiency and favorably built environments in residential buildings.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of Effects of Wall's Insulation Thickness on Energy Performance for Different Climatic Regions of China

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 1290-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Lianying ◽  
Wang Yuan ◽  
Zhang Jiyuan ◽  
Liu Xing ◽  
Zhang Linhua
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Insulation Thickness

scholarly journals The impact of natural ventilation on building energy requirement at inter-building scale

2016 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 870-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Laura Pisello ◽  
Veronica Lucia Castaldo ◽  
John Eric Taylor ◽  
Franco Cotana
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Building Energy Management for Passive Cooling Based on Stochastic Occupants Behavior Evaluation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Michele Roccotelli ◽  
Alessandro Rinaldi ◽  
Maria Pia Fanti ◽  
Francesco Iannone
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Deterministic Models ◽  
Building Energy Management ◽  
Solar Shading ◽  
Automation Systems

The common approach to model occupants behaviors in buildings is deterministic and consists of assumptions based on predefined fixed schedules or rules. In contrast with the deterministic models, stochastic and agent based (AB) models are the most powerful and suitable methods for modeling complex systems as the human behavior. In this paper, a co-simulation architecture is proposed with the aim of modeling the occupant behavior in buildings by a stochastic-AB approach and implementing an intelligent Building Energy Management System (BEMS). In particular, optimized control logics are designed for smart passive cooling by controlling natural ventilation and solar shading systems to guarantee the thermal comfort conditions and maintain energy performance. Moreover, the effects of occupant actions on indoor thermal comfort are also taken into account. This study shows how the integration of automation systems and passive techniques increases the potentialities of passive cooling in buildings, integrating or replacing the conventional efficiency strategies.

scholarly journals A short review on passive strategies applied to minimise the building cooling loads in hot locations

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Qudama Al-Yasiri ◽  
Márta Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Passive Strategies ◽  
Shading Devices ◽  
Building Cooling ◽  
Cooling Loads

Cooling and air-conditioning systems are responsible for the highest energy consumption in buildings located in hot areas. This high share does not only increase the building energy demand cost but also increases the environmental impact, the topmost awareness of the modern era. The development of traditional systems and reliance on renewable technologies have increased drastically in the last century but still lacks economic concerns. Passive cooling strategies have been introduced as a successful option to mitigate the energy demand and improve energy conservation in buildings. This paper shed light on some passive strategies that could be applied to minimise building cooling loads to encourage the movement towards healthier and more energy-efficient buildings. For this purpose, seven popular passive technologies have been discussed shortly: multi-panned windows, shading devices, insulations, green roofing, phase change materials, reflective coatings, and natural ventilation using the windcatcher technique. The analysis of each strategy has shown that the building energy could be improved remarkably. Furthermore, adopting more passive strategies can significantly enhance the building thermal comfort even under severe weather conditions.

scholarly journals Impact of Natural Ventilation on the Thermal and Energy Performance of Buildings in a Mediterranean Climate

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Moret Rodrigues ◽  
Miguel Santos ◽  
M. Glória Gomes ◽  
Rogério Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Wind Effect ◽  
Building Energy Simulation ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Energy Performance Of Buildings ◽  
Ventilation Rates

Natural ventilation plays an important role on the thermal and energy performance of a building. The present study aims to analyze the natural ventilation conditions of a dwelling in a Mediterranean climate and their impacts on the thermal and energy performance using an advanced building energy simulation tool. Several multi-zone simulations were carried out. In the summer, the simulations were performed under free-floating conditions, whereas in the winter they were carried out under controlled temperature conditions. In the summer, ventilation scenarios with windows opened during certain periods of time and with or without permanent openings in the facades were analyzed. The existence of permanent openings proved to be an important factor of temperature control by lowering the average indoor zone temperatures during the day. Cross-ventilation also showed to be effective. In the winter, we simulated the existence or absence of permanent openings for room ventilation and their surface area. The results showed that the stack effect plays an important role in the ventilation and that in general it outperforms the wind effect. Sizing permanent openings according to the standard guidelines proved to be adequate in providing the expected ventilation rates on an average basis.

scholarly journals The influence of moisture on the energy performance of retrofitted walls

2020 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 01035
Author(s):  
Mafalda Amorim ◽  
Vasco Peixoto de Freitas ◽  
Isabel Torres ◽  
Tomasz Kisilewicz ◽  
Umberto Berardi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Thermal Transmittance ◽  
Demand Reduction ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Service Conditions ◽  
Transient Thermal

The renovation of old building facades should be performed mainly considering the building energy demand reduction. For this purpose, it is necessary to select retrofitted solutions that should be able of minimizing heat losses through walls. However, it is not only the nominal thermal transmittance that influences the amount of heat transported through the wall, but also the moisture content within the walls under in- service conditions. The main objective of this paper is the evaluation of the influence of the moisture content on the energy performance of retrofitted walls. A numerical study using the software WUFI Pro was carried out to quantify the influence of wind driven rain on the thermal transmittance of different wall assemblies exposed to different climates and orientations. This study reports the transient thermal transmittance of different retrofitted wall solutions as a function of moisture content.

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