Experimental Investigation of Alginate-Methylcellulose Composition and Printing Direction on Dimensional Accuracy of 3D Printed Constructs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketan Thakare ◽  
Xingjian Wei ◽  
Laura Jerpseth ◽  
Zhijian Pei ◽  
Hongmin Qin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Width Measurement ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Direction

Abstract Bioprinting technology has a great potential in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In tissue engineering, for a bioprinted tissue to be successful in supporting regeneration of new tissue, it should morphologically mimic the native tissue in vivo. Therefore, the bioprinted tissue needs to be dimensionally accurate. In extrusion-based bioprinting, 3D printing process parameters and bioink properties affect dimensional accuracy of printed constructs. Currently, little information is available on effects of bioink composition and printing direction on dimensional accuracy of 3D printed constructs using alginate:methylcelluolose based bioink. In this study, strands were printed using four compositions of alginate:methylcellulose bioink and two printing directions. The four compositions of alginate:methylcellulose bioink were 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5 and 1:3, and the two printing directions were vertical and horizontal. The statistical analysis of strand width measurement data revealed that while bioink composition has significant effect, printing direction does not affect the strand width of 3D printed constructs at the significance level of 0.05.

Effects of Extrusion Temperature and Printing Direction in Bioprinting on Profile Accuracy of 3D Printed Constructs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketan Thakare ◽  
Xingjian Wei ◽  
Hongmin Qin ◽  
Zhijian Pei
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Extrusion Temperature ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Direction ◽  
Profile Accuracy

Abstract In extrusion-based bioprinting, 3D printing process parameters affect dimensional accuracy of printed constructs. However, little information is currently available on effects of extrusion temperature and printing direction on dimensional accuracy of 3D printed constructs using Alginate:Methylcelluolose hydrogel. In this study, strand thickness of 3D printed constructs printed at temperature of 35°C, 40°C, 45°C and at vertical and horizontal printing direction were measured. The statistical analysis revealed that extrusion temperature and printing direction have significant effect on the strand thickness of 3D printed constructs.

scholarly journals Fabrication of 3D-Printed Interpenetrating Hydrogel Scaffolds for Promoting Chondrogenic Differentiation

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2146
Author(s):  
Jian Guan ◽  
Fu-zhen Yuan ◽  
Zi-mu Mao ◽  
Hai-lin Zhu ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Chondrogenic Differentiation ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate ◽  
3D Microenvironment ◽  
3D Printed

The limited self-healing ability of cartilage necessitates the application of alternative tissue engineering strategies for repairing the damaged tissue and restoring its normal function. Compared to conventional tissue engineering strategies, three-dimensional (3D) printing offers a greater potential for developing tissue-engineered scaffolds. Herein, we prepared a novel photocrosslinked printable cartilage ink comprising of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), and chondroitin sulfate methacrylate (CSMA). The PEGDA-GelMA-CSMA scaffolds possessed favorable compressive elastic modulus and degradation rate. In vitro experiments showed good adhesion, proliferation, and F-actin and chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the scaffolds. When the CSMA concentration was increased, the compressive elastic modulus, GAG production, and expression of F-actin and cartilage-specific genes (COL2, ACAN, SOX9, PRG4) were significantly improved while the osteogenic marker genes of COL1 and ALP were decreased. The findings of the study indicate that the 3D-printed PEGDA-GelMA-CSMA scaffolds possessed not only adequate mechanical strength but also maintained a suitable 3D microenvironment for differentiation, proliferation, and extracellular matrix production of BMSCs, which suggested this customizable 3D-printed PEGDA-GelMA-CSMA scaffold may have great potential for cartilage repair and regeneration in vivo.

scholarly journals Additive Manufacturing of Bone Scaffolds Using PolyJet and Stereolithography Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7336
Author(s):  
Shummaila Rasheed ◽  
Waqas Akbar Lughmani ◽  
Muhannad Ahmed Obeidi ◽  
Dermot Brabazon ◽  
Inam Ul Ahad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
3D Scaffold ◽  
Bone Scaffolds ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Direction ◽  
Printing Techniques

In this study, the printing capability of two different additive manufacturing (3D printing) techniques, namely PolyJet and micro-stereolithography (µSLA), are investigated regarding the fabrication of bone scaffolds. The 3D-printed scaffold structures are used as supports in replacing and repairing fractured bone tissue. Printed bone scaffolds with complex structures produced using additive manufacturing technology can mimic the mechanical properties of natural human bone, providing lightweight structures with modifiable porosity levels. In this study, 3D scaffold structures are designed with different combinations of architectural parameters. The dimensional accuracy, permeability, and mechanical properties of complex 3D-printed scaffold structures are analyzed to compare the advantages and drawbacks associated with the two techniques. The fluid flow rates through the 3D-printed scaffold structures are measured and Darcy’s law is applied to calculate the experimentally measured permeability. The Kozeny–Carman equation is applied for theoretical calculation of permeability. Compression tests were performed on the printed samples to observe the effects of the printing techniques on the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed scaffold structures. The effect of the printing direction on the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed scaffold structures is also analyzed. The scaffold structures printed with the µSLA printer demonstrate higher permeability and mechanical properties as compared to those printed using the PolyJet technique. It is demonstrated that both the µSLA and PolyJet printing techniques can be used to print 3D scaffold structures with controlled porosity levels, providing permeability in a similar range to human bone.

A review on 3D printing in tissue engineering applications

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Prasath Mani ◽  
Madeeha Sadia ◽  
Saravana Kumar Jaganathan ◽  
Ahmad Zahran Khudzari ◽  
Eko Supriyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Cell Adherence ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Techniques

Abstract In tissue engineering, 3D printing is an important tool that uses biocompatible materials, cells, and supporting components to fabricate complex 3D printed constructs. This review focuses on the cytocompatibility characteristics of 3D printed constructs, made from different synthetic and natural materials. From the overview of this article, inkjet and extrusion-based 3D printing are widely used methods for fabricating 3D printed scaffolds for tissue engineering. This review highlights that scaffold prepared by both inkjet and extrusion-based 3D printing techniques showed significant impact on cell adherence, proliferation, and differentiation as evidenced by in vitro and in vivo studies. 3D printed constructs with growth factors (FGF-2, TGF-β1, or FGF-2/TGF-β1) enhance extracellular matrix (ECM), collagen I content, and high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content for cell growth and bone formation. Similarly, the utilization of 3D printing in other tissue engineering applications cannot be belittled. In conclusion, it would be interesting to combine different 3D printing techniques to fabricate future 3D printed constructs for several tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Application of a 3D-Printed Poly-ε-Caprolactone Cage Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Siyi Wang ◽  
Rong Li ◽  
Yongxiang Xu ◽  
Dandan Xia ◽  
Yuan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Synthetic Material ◽  
Hybrid Scaffold ◽  
Natural Bone Mineral ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
3D Printed

Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) is a promising synthetic material in bone tissue engineering (BTE). Particularly, the introduction of rapid prototyping (RP) represents the possibility of manufacturing PCL scaffolds with customized appearances and structures. Bio-Oss is a natural bone mineral matrix with significant osteogenic effects; however, it has limitations in being constructed and maintained into specific shapes and sites. In this study, we used RP and fabricated a hollow-structured cage-shaped PCL scaffold loaded with Bio-Oss to form a hybrid scaffold for BTE. Moreover, we adopted NaOH surface treatment to improve PCL hydrophilicity and enhance cell adhesion. The results showed that the NaOH-treated hybrid scaffold could enhance the osteogenesis of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) both in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, we reveal a novel hybrid scaffold that not only possesses osteoinductive function to promote bone formation but can also be fabricated into specific forms. This scaffold design may have great application potential in bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals 3D-printed β-TCP bone tissue engineering scaffolds: Effects of chemistry on in vivo biological properties in a rabbit tibia model

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (14) ◽  
pp. 1939-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samit Kumar Nandi ◽  
Gary Fielding ◽  
Dishary Banerjee ◽  
Amit Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Susmita Bose
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Rabbit Tibia ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Image Position

Abstract

scholarly journals Parathyroid hormone (1-34) promotes the effects of 3D printed scaffold-seeded bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on meniscus regeneration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Zhao ◽  
Tong Zou ◽  
Hao Cui ◽  
Yangou Lv ◽  
Dengke Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Culture Time ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Scaffold Group ◽  
And Cartilage

Abstract Background Cell-based tissue engineering represent a promising management for meniscus repair and regeneration. The present study aimed to investigate whether the injection of parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1–34) could promote the regeneration and chondroprotection of 3D printed scaffold seeded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a canine total meniscal meniscectomy model. Methods 3D printed poly(e-caprolactone) scaffold seeded with BMSCs was cultured in vitro, and the effects of in vitro culture time on cell growth and matrix synthesis of the BMSCs-scaffold construct were evaluated by microscopic observation and cartilage matrix content detection at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. After that, the tissue-engineered meniscus based on BMSCs–scaffold cultured for the appropriate culture time was selected for in vivo implantation. Sixteen dogs were randomly divided into four groups: PTH + BMSCs–scaffold, BMSCs–scaffold, total meniscectomy, and sham operation. The regeneration of the implanted tissue and the degeneration of articular cartilage were assessed by gross, histological, and immunohistochemical analysis at 12 weeks postoperatively. Results In vitro study showed that the glycosaminoglycan (GAG)/DNA ratio and the expression of collagen type II (Col2) were significantly higher on day 21 as compared to the other time points. In vivo study showed that, compared with the BMSCs–scaffold group, the PTH + BMSCs–scaffold group showed better regeneration of the implanted tissue and greater similarity to native meniscus with respect to gross appearance, cells composition, and cartilage extracellular matrix deposition. This group also showed less expression of terminal differentiation markers of BMSC chondrogenesis as well as lower cartilage degeneration with less damage on the knee cartilage surface, higher expression of Col2 and lower expression of degeneration markers. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that PTH (1–34) promotes the regenerative and chondroprotective effects of the BMSCs–3D printed meniscal scaffold in a canine model, and thus their combination could be a promising strategy for meniscus tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Parathyroid hormone (1-34) promotes the effects of 3D printed scaffold-seeded bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on meniscus regeneration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Zhao ◽  
Tong Zou ◽  
Hao Cui ◽  
Yangou Lv ◽  
Dengke Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Culture Time ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Scaffold Group ◽  
And Cartilage

Abstract Background: Cell-based tissue engineering represents a promising management for meniscus repair and regeneration. The present study aimed to investigate whether the injection of parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1-34) could promote the regeneration and chondroprotection of 3D printed scaffold seeded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a canine total meniscal meniscectomy model. Methods: 3D printed poly(e-caprolactone) scaffold seeded with BMSCs was cultured in vitro, and the effects of in vitro culture time on cell growth and matrix synthesis of the BMSCs-scaffold construct were evaluated by microscopic observation and cartilage matrix content detection at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. After that, the tissue-engineered meniscus based on BMSCs–scaffold cultured for the appropriate culture time was selected for in vivo implantation. Sixteen dogs were randomly divided into four groups: PTH + BMSCs–scaffold, BMSCs–scaffold, total meniscectomy, and sham operation. The regeneration of the implanted tissue and the degeneration of articular cartilage were assessed by gross, histological, and immunohistochemical analysis at 12 weeks postoperatively.Results: In vitro study showed that the glycosaminoglycan (GAG)/DNA ratio and the expression of collagen type II (Col2) were significantly higher on day 21 as compared to the other time points. In vivo study showed that, compared with the BMSCs–scaffold group, the PTH + BMSCs–scaffold group showed better regeneration of the implanted tissue and greater similarity to native meniscus concerning gross appearance, cells composition, and cartilage extracellular matrix deposition. This group also showed less expression of terminal differentiation markers of BMSC chondrogenesis as well as lower cartilage degeneration with less damage on the knee cartilage surface, higher expression of Col2, and lower expression of degeneration markers.Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that PTH (1-34) promotes the regenerative and chondroprotective effects of the BMSCs–3D printed meniscal scaffold in a canine model, and thus their combination could be a promising strategy for meniscus tissue engineering.

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