Hydro Thermodynamic Modeling of an Outfall System Discharging Into the Near Shore Area Considering the Environmental Conditions

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Said Mazaheri
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Persian Gulf

The outlet location of an outfall system usually depends on the location of the water intake chamber, discharge and temperature of the waste and cooling water, sea temperature, near shore hydrodynamics and environmental conditions. Sometime, when it is not possible to discharge the circulated water by an open channel to the shoreline due to environmental restrictions then finding the appropriate water depth where the water can be discharged will become more important. In this situation, the hydrodynamic conditions of worst scenarios should be simulated properly. Then, an advection-dissipation model should be set up in the region in order to find out the heat dissipation pattern of the discharged water for the defined scenarios. Having done the simulations, it is required to interpret the results considering the environmental restrictions. Finally, based on the interpretation of the results, decision about the proper water depth for jetting out the discharged water can be made. In this paper it is attempted to highlight the important issues which should be considered during the design procedure. In addition, as a case study the steps taken for the modeling of the outfall system of Phases 9 & 10 South Pars Refineries located in northern part of the Persian Gulf is explained. Finally, the results of the case study are discussed and consequently further recommendations are given.

scholarly journals DISPERSION OF COOLING WATER FROM A COASTAL LNG PLANT

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (17) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
P. Ackers ◽  
J.D. Pitt ◽  
G. Thompson ◽  
K.G. Rippin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Tidal Currents ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Heated Water ◽  
Mixing Parameters

The object of this case study was to predict the likely degree of pollution resulting from the discharge of heated water from a proposed LNG plant into the sea (Figure 1). The expected thermal loading was 40 m-Vs at a temperature of 10°C above the natural ambient sea water temperature. The investigation was required to provide data for an ecological study to determine the possible impact of the plant on the coastal and marine environment. Information on tide levels, tidal currents, salinity, sea temperature, wind strength and direction was obtained in a general survey programme which had already been commissioned. These data provided vital information on seasonal variations in marine conditions and further local information was obtained from short intensive hydrographic surveys. The data were analysed to yield a simplified description of the tidal and wind induced currents and suitable values of mixing parameters for use in two numerical models. The first dealt with the "near field" processes of the spread of a buoyant layer of heated water under the convecting influence of the tidal currents. The second model simulated the "far field" processes which give rise to a general increase in the temperature of the sea in the region.

2D numerical modelling of bed profile changes due to tsunami effects on near shore coasts: Kadikoy case study

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
M.S. Kabdasli ◽  
V.S. Ozgur Kirca ◽  
A. Aydingakko
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Coastal Structures ◽  
Tsunami Waves ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Profile Changes ◽  
Vertical Changes ◽  
Set Up

This study was aimed at the investigation of tsunami effects on the seabed profile as these may be important for coastal structures, like sea outfalls or breakwaters. Tsunamis are well known with huge wave heights and destructive effects on the coastal region. A 2D numerical model was set using the software, COSMOS to calculate the cross-shore sediment transport and to evaluate profile changes in the coastal seabed. The study area is Kadikoy region, a densely populated industrial coastal area in South East Istanbul. The model was run for different kinds of tsunami waves. Not only the bed profile changes, but also the wave heights, breaker depths, peak wave bottom orbital velocities, wave set-up and cross-shore sediment transport rates were determined. The results indicated that, at a water depth around 40–50 m, some tsunamis were found to have a wave height of order of 15 m, which became about 5 m at a depth of 10 m. The wave set up near the coast was about 1.5–2 m. The results also implied that tsunami waves, with their destructive nature, could lead to dramatic vertical changes of the seabed.

scholarly journals Control Design for an Emulator of Mechatronic Powertrain Dynamics: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurens Jacobs ◽  
Dennis Janssens ◽  
Jan Croes ◽  
Wim Desmet ◽  
Jan Swevers
Keyword(s):  
Controller Design ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Tracking Performance ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Pi Controllers ◽  
Feedforward Controller ◽  
Set Up

Abstract This paper discusses a detailed design procedure of a linear torque controller for an in-house developed lab-scale powertrain emulator. This set-up was developed for the validation of new developments in virtual torque sensing, and thus requires decent torque tracking performance in order to simulate real drivetrain dynamics sufficiently accurate. Standard proportional-integral (PI) controllers are not able to effectively compensate for potential flexible modes of the set-up, and an H∞ control approach is proposed. The different design steps then comprise experiment design, identification, feedback controller design using H∞ loop shaping, and inverse-based feedforward controller design. Experimental results demonstrate the obtained torque tracking performance.

Wastewater treatment and nutrient removal in the combined reactor

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Roš ◽  
J. Vrtovšek
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Zero Order Reaction ◽  
Aerobic Reactor ◽  
Complex Organic

A combined anaerobic anoxic aerobic reactor for the treatment of the industrial wastewater that contains nitrogen and complex organic compounds as well as its design procedure is presented. The purpose of our experiments was to find a simple methodology that would provide combined reactor design. The reactor is based on the combination of anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic process in one unit only. It was found that the HRT even under 1 hour in the anaerobic zone is long enough for the efficient transformation of complex organic compounds into readily biodegradable COD which is then used in dentrification process. In the N-NO3 concentration range 1.5-50 mg/l the denitrification rate could be expressed as half-order reaction when the CODrb was in excess. N-NO3 removal efficiency is controlled by the recycle flow from the aerobic to the anoxic zone. Nitrification rate can be expressed as first, half or zero-order reaction with respect to effluent N-NH4 concentration. Nitrification rate depends on the dissolved oxygen concentration and hydrodynamic conditions in the reactor. Case study for design of a pilot plant of the combined reactor for treatment of pre-treated pharmaceutical wastewater is shown. Characteristics of pre-treated wastewater were: COD=200 mg/l, BOD5=20 mg/l, N-Kjeldahl=80 mg/l, N-NH4=70 mg/l, N-NOx<1 mg/l, P-PO4=5 mg/l. Legal requirements for treated wastewater were: COD=<100 mg/l, BOD5<5 mg/l, N-NH4=<1 mg/l, N-NOx=<10 mg/l.

scholarly journals Towards Zero Emissions Noosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4679
Author(s):  
Carina Anderson ◽  
Robert Passey ◽  
Jeremy De Valck ◽  
Rakibuzzaman Shah
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Engagement Process ◽  
Set Up ◽  
External Consultant

This paper reports on a case study of the community group Zero Emissions Noosa, whose goal is for 100% renewable electricity in the Noosa Shire (Queensland, Australia) by 2026. Described within this paper are the processes used by Zero Emissions Noosa to set up their zero emissions plan, involving community engagement and the use of an external consultant. The external consultant was employed to produce a detailed report outlining how to successfully achieve zero emissions from electricity in the Noosa Shire by 2026. This paper explains how and why the community engagement process used to produce the report was just as important as the outcomes of the report itself. Modeling was undertaken, and both detailed and contextual information was provided. Inclusion of the community in developing the scenario parameters for the modeling had a number of benefits including establishing the context within which their actions would occur and focusing their efforts on options that were technically feasible, financially viable and within their capabilities to implement. This provided a focal point for the community in calling meetings and contacting stakeholders. Rather than prescribing a particular course of action, it also resulted in a toolbox of options, a range of possible solutions that is flexible enough to fit into whatever actions are preferred by the community. The approach and outcomes discussed in this paper should, therefore, be useful to other communities with similar carbon emission reduction goals.

Effect of Heat Sink Structure Improvement on Heat Dissipation Performance in High Heat Flux

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Cui
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Convection Heat Transfer ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
High Heat Flux ◽  
Pin Fin ◽  
Pin Fins ◽  
Pin Fin Arrays

This paper presents the effects of heat dissipation performance of pin fins with different heat sink structures. The heat dissipation performance of two types of pin fin arrays heat sink are compared through measuring their heat resistance and the average Nusselt number in different cooling water flow. The temperature of cpu chip is monitored to determine the temperature is in the normal range of working temperature. The cooling water flow is in the range of 0.02L/s to 0.15L/s. It’s found that the increase of pin fins in the corner region effectively reduce the temperature of heat sink and cpu chip. The new type of pin fin arrays increase convection heat transfer coefficient and reduce heat resistance of heat sink.

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