scholarly journals Do Vessels Remain Within Their Operational Limitations in Ice? Analyzing the Risks of Vessels Operating in the Kara Sea Region Using POLARIS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Panchi ◽  
Ekaterina Kim ◽  
Sheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Code ◽  
Northern Sea Route ◽  
Antarctic Research Institute ◽  
Indexing System ◽  
Antarctic Research

Abstract This study investigates whether the vessels remain within their operational limitations in ice using the risk index calculated based on the Polar Operational Limitations Assessment Risk Indexing System (POLARIS) — an acceptable methodology for the assessment of operational limitations in ice infested waters, referenced in the Polar Code of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The speeds and positions of the vessels in the Kara Sea region were analyzed from January through April for 2017–2019 using the navigational data provided by the Northern Sea Route Administration. For each vessel, except for the icebreakers, the risk index based on POLARIS was calculated using the open-access ice information that was provided by the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute in Russia. The variation of risk index was analyzed with respect to various parameters such as the ice-class of the vessel, the reported operating speed of the vessel, and the built year of the vessel. Furthermore, we explored the limitations of the risk assessment system as well as the limitations of the available ice information and its implications on the risk assessment system. This paper reports preliminary results from the analysis.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Environmental Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in an Abandoned Dye Factory of China Using SERA Methodology Based on Source Apportionment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Miao ◽  
Yimei Zhang ◽  
Shuai Li ◽  
Yaxiao Duan ◽  
Yuxian Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Pollutant Sources

Abstract Soil heavy metal contaminated sites with multiple sources of pollution have caused worldwide public concern. However, the lack of correlation of risk assessment or source identification of heavy metal leads to unclear direction of source governance. Although previous studies have involved different risk assessment, few attempts have been made to establish a link between them. In order to design a comprehensive risk assessment system, it is necessary to identify the specific source risks and the correlation and comparison between environmental risk assessment. In this paper, a methodology was established by combining source apportionment of ecological risks and human health risks (SERA) to characterize the sources and source-specific risks of heavy metals in soil. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was used to identify and classify potential sources of heavy metals in the study area. According to the results, they will be incorporated into the environmental risk model to evaluate environmental risk of the identified sources of heavy metals. The results showed that concentrations of Cd and Hg were highly above the background values, indicating a moderate enrichment. It was worth noting that the source contributed ecological risk index (SCEI) of Hg, with the value of 51.16 contributed mainly by the pollutant sources of waste treatment, has reached moderate ecological risk. The SCEI of Cd contributed by industrial activities (the wastewater and dyeing process) showed the most predominant source of contribution. The source contributed human health risk index (SCHI) of As contributed most by pollutant sources of agriculture activities. Overall, the modified total health risk posed by soil heavy metals SCHI was 1.11E+00, showing potential risk to the residents. This study provides a new insight for the treatment of mutil-sources of soil heavy metal pollution and also some reference value for the improvement of the risk assessment system.the main finding: Exploring a methodology (SERA) to quantitatively characterize the relationship between pollutants sources and environmental risk assessment based on source contribution.

scholarly journals Comment on Invariability of relationship between the polar cap magnetic activity and geoeffective interplanetary electric field by Troshichev et al. (2011)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Stauning
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Interplanetary Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Activity ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Cap ◽  
Antarctic Research Institute ◽  
Scaling Parameters ◽  
Antarctic Research ◽  
Research Institute

Abstract. In the publication Troshichev et al. (2006) on the Polar Cap (PC) indices, PCN (North) and PCS (South), an error was made by using components of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) in their Geocentric Solar Ecliptic (GSE) representation instead of the prescribed Geocentric Solar Magnetosphere (GSM) representation for calculations of index scaling parameters in the version AARI_1998-2001 (named AARI#3) issued from the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI) in St Petersburg, Russia. The mistake has caused a trail of incorrect relations and wrong conclusions extending since 2006 up to now (2020). The authors of the publication commented here, Troshichev, Podorozhkina, Janzhura (2011): Invariability of relationship between the polar cap magnetic activity and geoeffective interplanetary electric field, Ann. Geophys., 29, 1479-1489, state that they have used scaling parameters of the (invalid) AARI#3 PC index version in their work but have substituted parameters from the more recent AARI_1995-2005 (AARI#4) version instead. The mingling of PC index versions have resulted in erroneous illustrations in their Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, and 8 and the issuing of non-substantiated statements.

scholarly journals 95 years of climate and cryosphere studies of the Arctic in the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Alekseev ◽  
D. Yu. Bolshiyanov ◽  
V. F. Radionov ◽  
S. V. Frolov
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
Antarctic Research Institute ◽  
Antarctic Research ◽  
Research Institute

scholarly journals MYCOLOGICAL DAMAGE OF MATERIALS IN THE INDOOR ENVIRONMENT AS A RISK FACTOR FOR THE HEALTH OF POLAR EXPLORERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Yu. Vlasov ◽  
Sh. B. Teshebaev ◽  
M. S. Zelenskaya ◽  
I. Yu. Kirtsideli ◽  
Yu. V. Ryabusheva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Antarctic Research Institute ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Black Mold ◽  
Antarctic Research ◽  
Open Growth

The article presents the results of mycological analysis of samples taken from open surfaces in residential and working areas of the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI) station on the Bolshevik island of the Northern Land archipelago. 114 samples were studied during the expedition work from 2014 to 2016. In total, 47 species of micromycetes were detected in the course of the research. Most of the species (89%) were identified as Ascomycetes. Mucor group of fungi was composed 11% out of all the identified species. The genus Penicillium was the richest in species diversity (16 species). On the surface of materials in places of the increased moisture, there was an open growth of colonies of the Penicillium species. P. expansum was the dominant one, being noted during all the years of observations with the occurrence of about 60%. Among the frequently occurring species, there were P. brevicompactum, P. herqueri, P. purpurogenum and P. waksmanii, which were also noted during all the years of observation (the total occurrence exceeded 15%, although in some years it was much higher). Dark-colored fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides was also dominated species, which in some cases formed black mold on the surface of the materials. Among the potential pathogens, 41 species were registered. A comparison of the data obtained over the years indicates in 2016 the largest number of microfungi to be detected in the indoor environment of AARI station (35 species), whereas in 2014 and 2015 only 29 species of fungi were identified. The similarity of the identified groups of fungi over the years turned out to be quite high. Approximately 36% of microfungi (17 species) were observed annually, although their occurrence over the years varied significantly. Locally accumulation of micromycetes was noted in the indoor environment: household rooms, storage places, workrooms. In these cases, the microfungi colonized the colorful coating, synthetic materials, plywood. The formation of mycobiota in the studied areas is due to anthropogenic invasion of microfungi.

Agree – Disagree: Comparing Traffic Limitations in the Kara Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Kim ◽  
Nabil Panchi
Keyword(s):  
Water Area ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
International Maritime Organization ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Northern Sea Route ◽  
Indexing System ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
System Data

Abstract This study investigates variability of ships’ operational limitations for ice conditions in view of national rules and international recommendations (the Rules for Navigation in the Water Area of the Northern Sea Route and the International Maritime Organization Recommendations). As an example, the Kara Sea region is considered for the period of 2017–2019. The ship data from two datasets were considered: (1) the Northern Sea Route Administration data and (2) the Automatic Identification System data. For each ship’s ice class, the ice information (concentration and type) was used to derive operational limitations based on the Polar Operational Limit Assessment Risk Indexing System (POLARIS), and the results were compared with the newly updated Northern Sea Route access criteria. Preliminary results indicate that national rules are generally stricter than international recommendations, however on some occasions, the national rules impose lesser restrictions on operations as ships with ice class PC7/Arc4 are allowed to operate when the international recommendations suggest an elevated probability of an accidental event.

scholarly journals Influence of SST in Low Latitudes on the Arctic Warming and Sea Ice

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1145
Author(s):  
Genrikh V. Alekseev ◽  
Natalia I. Glok ◽  
Anastasia E. Vyazilova ◽  
Natalia E. Kharlanenkova ◽  
Mikhail Yu. Kulakov
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Arctic Warming ◽  
Antarctic Research Institute ◽  
Low Latitudes ◽  
Antarctic Research ◽  
First Time

Global climate models, focused on projecting anthropogenic warming, have not detected an increase in sea surface temperature (SST) at low latitudes comparable to the observed one. This appears to be one reason for the discrepancy between the model estimates of warming and reduction of the sea ice extent in the Arctic and the observed changes in the climate system. In previous studies, it was shown that short-term manifestations of the impact of low latitudes on the Arctic climate were identified in 2–3 weeks as a result of strengthening of atmospheric circulation patterns. In this paper, for the first time, a climatic relationship was established among an increase in SST, air temperature, and water vapor content at low latitudes, and a decrease in sea ice extent in the Arctic. ECMWF Re-Analysis data (ERA-Interim, ERA5), Hadley Centre Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature data set (HadISST), sea ice archives of the World Centers NSIDC (USA), and Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (Russia), observations of water temperature in the Kola section (33°30′ E), calculated sea ice parameters using the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute coupled ice-ocean circulation model (AARI–IOCM). Methods of multivariate correlation analysis, calculating spectra and coherence, and creating correlation graphs were used to obtain the results. For the first time, estimates of the effect of heat transport from low to high latitudes on climate change and sea ice extent in the Arctic over the past 40 years have been obtained, explaining a significant part of their variability. The increase in heat transport is affected by an increase in SST at low latitudes, where a significant part of the solar heat is accumulated. Due to the increase in SST, the amount of heat transported by the ocean and the atmosphere from low latitudes to the Arctic increases, leading to an increase in the air temperature, water vapor content, downward longwave radiation at high latitudes, and a decrease in the thickness and extent of winter sea ice. Potential topics include, but are not limited to: the role of heat and moisture transport in the Arctic warming, effect of SST at low latitudes on transports, linkage of warming in low latitudes and in shrinking of the Arctic sea ice.

p-EMA (II): evaluating ecological risks of pesticides for a farm-level risk assessment system

Agronomie ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Hart ◽  
Colin D. Brown ◽  
Kathy A. Lewis ◽  
John Tzilivakis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Farm Level

A MODELING SYSTEM FOR CLIMATE CHANGE RISK ASSESSMENT, MANAGEMENT AND HEDGING IN COASTAL AREAS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Soldatenko ◽  
Sergei Soldatenko ◽  
Genrikh Alekseev ◽  
Genrikh Alekseev ◽  
Alexander Danilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
System Structure ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Risk Modeling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
The Impact

Every aspect of human operations faces a wide range of risks, some of which can cause serious consequences. By the start of 21st century, mankind has recognized a new class of risks posed by climate change. It is obvious, that the global climate is changing, and will continue to change, in ways that affect the planning and day to day operations of businesses, government agencies and other organizations and institutions. The manifestations of climate change include but not limited to rising sea levels, increasing temperature, flooding, melting polar sea ice, adverse weather events (e.g. heatwaves, drought, and storms) and a rise in related problems (e.g. health and environmental). Assessing and managing climate risks represent one of the most challenging issues of today and for the future. The purpose of the risk modeling system discussed in this paper is to provide a framework and methodology to quantify risks caused by climate change, to facilitate estimates of the impact of climate change on various spheres of human activities and to compare eventual adaptation and risk mitigation strategies. The system integrates both physical climate system and economic models together with knowledge-based subsystem, which can help support proactive risk management. System structure and its main components are considered. Special attention is paid to climate risk assessment, management and hedging in the Arctic coastal areas.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document