Reliability of Power Electric Systems in Pemex Refining: Experiences and Realities

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ivan Ruiz Flores ◽  
Francisco Cuauhtémoc Poujol Galván
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Gasoline Demand ◽  
Electrical Systems ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
World Class ◽  
New Processing

In this paper, we present the experience of 10 years of collaboration between the Electric Research Institute and Pemex Refining to modernize the power electric systems of the National Refining System in Mexico, collaborating together to design an electrical energy system for distribution that can operate reliably at the increase in the quantity and quality of oil products with the integration of new processing plants. We present the extensive cooperation between the personnel involved and in contrast unexecuted planning to implement the solutions. Also, after a decade of collaboration, we present the different scenarios, factors and challenges in the medium and long term that will assure that the electrical systems are in healthier conditions to operate for the next years and will achieve the required reliability of the national refining system for gasoline demand, to result in an operational reliability conferring to a World Class utility practice.

scholarly journals Problems in Electric Systems Caused by Harmonics and Solution Proposals

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Kemal Metin ◽  
Huseyin Ceylan ◽  
Ertugrul Demirkesen ◽  
Kadir Canatan ◽  
Mikail Hizli
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Change ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Electrical Systems ◽  
Electrical Devices ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Day By Day

Together with globalization, factories, companies and even countries can survive by competing with their rivals. Nowadays, technological superiority is one of the most important factors determining competitive power. This situation causes the result of rapid change and development of technology. Due to improvement in technology, humanity dependence on electricity is increasing day by day. Many new devices get in our lives, and both the continuity and quality of electricity comes across as an important issue. Different researches are carried out to make the energy more qualified and efficient. In terms of the stability of the used electrical devices, it is important to keep the harmonic amount in electrical energy under a certain value. Besides this, these unwanted harmonics cause additional energy losses in the energy system and negatively affect energy efficiency, which is an economically important problem. In this exercise, the problems in electrical systems, the damages in electrical devices caused by harmonics have been researched and various solution suggestions have been developed for this problem.

scholarly journals Advances in Power and Energy Systems

TecnoLógicas ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (42) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Ramos-Paja ◽  
Daniel González-Montoya ◽  
Adriana Trejos-Grisales ◽  
Sergio I. Serna-Garcés
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Electrical Systems ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Power And Energy Systems ◽  
Power And Energy

Processing electrical energy is one of the most important research fields in our society. So far, tremendous efforts have been made to improve the efficiency of each step in electrical systems: generation systems have been enhanced by introducing renewable energy sources and new control systems for conventional generators, losses have been reduced, the power quality of distribution and transmission systems has been increased, the life-time and state-of-health of energy storage devices have been extended, and sections of the power grid have been isolated for intelligent energy management.

scholarly journals FPGA in the Loop Implementation for Observer Sliding Mode Control of DFIG-Generators for Wind Turbines

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Houda El Alami ◽  
Badre Bossoufi ◽  
Saad Motahhir ◽  
Eman H. Alkhammash ◽  
Mehedi Masud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Wind Energy System ◽  
Loop Technique ◽  
Grid Side ◽  
Mode Technique

This paper presents a new contribution of the nonlinear control technique of electrical energy in a wind energy system. The nonlinear sliding mode technique used to control the powers of the DFIG-Generator is connected to the power grid by two converters (grid side and machine side). The proposed model is validated using tracking and robustness tests with a real wind speed. The control was developed under Matlab/Simulink, and the FPGA in the Loop technique was used to design the DFIG model. By employing a co-simulation, the purpose is to test the controller for the FPGA simulated model or system in its entirety. The results obtained by the cο-simulation show the efficiency of the proposed model in terms of speed and robustness with a rate THD = 0.95, and the proposed model of the sliding mode controller shows a significant improvement in the quality of energy produced by the wind system.

Operational Reliability and Modernization of Refineries in Mexico: How?, Why? and Where?

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ivan Ruiz Flores ◽  
Rafael Castellanos Bustamante ◽  
Jorge Guillermo Calderon Guizar
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Electrical Systems ◽  
New Distribution

This article presents the “Why?” to modernize the electrical systems in the six refineries in Mexico, derived that since 1979 there has not built a new refinery, and the primary electrical equipment at each refinery to process fuel requires of imperative upgrading. It also presents the “How?” partial changes are being implemented in some refineries such as replacing electrical equipment in the short-term and implementation of new distribution systems in the long term. Also, it comes in “Where?” They are making the necessary changes including the integration of new electrical generators to supply the energy deficit. The state of the art in operational reliability today in Mexico is presented as part of a projection to fulfill the following objectives: a) optimize the security of personnel integration of new electrical equipment meeting international standards, b) Contribute the least damage to the primary electrical equipment in each refinery and c) allow tangible service continuity in the process of oil production. The result of this work is to show conditions change in Mexican refineries with an electric approach and culture in the safety of staff and the facilities themselves.

World-class broadband

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-209
Author(s):  
Ewan Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
National Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Design Improvement ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
National Performance ◽  
World Class ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to examine the aspiration to world-class broadband in a number of countries. Design/methodology/approach This study includes a review of the various approaches taken by countries, consultants and intergovernmental organisations. Findings The term “world class” is used relatively vaguely, without any significant link to long-term improvements in national performance, rather to an aspiration to being close to the leaders. Research limitations/implications The use of benchmarking in lobbying needs further study, as does the quality of lobbying. Practical implications Governments need to make explicit their policy aims in addition to any world-class headline and need to aim for design improvement in their governance systems. Originality/value This is the first review of benchmarking of broadband at the national level.

scholarly journals Universities Under Pressure: the Impact of International University Rankings

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Javier Vidal ◽  
Camino Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
University Rankings ◽  
Ranking Systems ◽  
World Class ◽  
International University ◽  
World Class Universities ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

This paper synthesizes the characteristics of university rankings that cause pressure or ‘harassment’ on universities and analyses possible strategies for action that can be carried out in the real context of the three main university rankings (QS, THE, ARWU), suggesting the consequences for the so-called world-class universities and others (which represent 95% of the total). Although there is controversy over the criteria of the university ranking systems, many universities are establishing strategies aimed at adapting to these criteria and indicators and improving their positions. This study concludes that international university rankings should not be a relevant source of information to consider the quality of universities because this can have a negative impact on the development of medium- and long-term policies in higher education and the universities themselves. Universities should concentrate on their mission and must provide valid and reliable information to all stakeholders about the level of achievement of their goals.

scholarly journals Feasibility of a 100% Global Renewable Energy System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5543
Author(s):  
Patrick Moriarty ◽  
Damon Honnery
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Energy Conversion And Storage ◽  
Business As Usual

Controversy exists as to whether renewable energy (RE) can provide for all the world’s energy needs. The purpose of this paper is to help resolve this vital question. Official forecasts see a resumption of a business-as-usual world after the pandemic-induced recession, with further economic growth out to at least 2050. The novel approach taken in this paper is to assume that such a world is fueled entirely with RE at global energy levels at or above those of today, and then to examine whether this scenario is feasible. Because the intermittent primary electricity sources, wind, and solar power, would have to supply nearly all this energy, a simplification made for this analysis is that they do supply 100% of all energy, including non-electrical energy needs. It is found that the energy that could be delivered by these two sources is much less than often assumed, for several reasons: The declining quality of inputs; the need for inclusion of uncounted environmental costs; the need for energy conversion and storage; and the removal of existing fossil fuel energy subsidies. It is concluded that a future world entirely fuelled by RE would necessarily be a lower-energy one.

scholarly journals Robust power control methods for wind turbines using DFIG-generator

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imane El Karaoui ◽  
Mohammed Maaroufi ◽  
Badre Bossoufi
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Power Control ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Electrical Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Asynchronous Generator ◽  
Power Point

<span>The purpose of this work is to present the advantages of the power control (active and reactive) of a wind energy system in order to improve the quality of the energy produced to the grid by presenting two control strategies applied to the conversion system of wind energy equipped with an asynchronous generator with dual power supply. Both techniques are studied and developed and consist of a field control (FOC) and a sliding mode control. They find their strongest justifications for the problem of using a nonlinear control law that is robust to the uncertainties of the model. The goal is to apply these two commands to independently control the active and reactive powers generated by the decoupled asynchronous machine by flow orientation. Thus, a study of these commands will be detailed and validated in the Matlab / Simulink environment with the simultaneous use of the "Pitch Control" and "Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)" techniques. The results of numerical simulations obtained show the increasing interest of the two controls in the electrical systems. They also attest that the quality of the active and reactive powers and voltages of the wind system is  considerably improved.</span>

Thinking Beyond Language: Intervention for Severe Aphasia

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Simmons-Mackie
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Communication Training ◽  
Language Intervention ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Environmental Support ◽  
Total Communication ◽  
Communication Partners

Abstract Purpose: This article addresses several intervention approaches that aim to improve life for individuals with severe aphasia. Because severe aphasia significantly compromises language, often for the long term, recommended approaches focus on additional domains that affect quality of life. Treatments are discussed that involve increasing participation in personally relevant life situations, enhancing environmental support for communication and participation, and improving communicative confidence. Methods: Interventions that have been suggested in the aphasia literature as particularly appropriate for people with severe aphasia include training in total communication, training of communication partners, and activity specific training. Conclusion: Several intervention approaches can be implemented to enhance life with severe aphasia.

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