Influences of Aging and Footedness on Stepping Over Obstacles

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih Shan Chen ◽  
Hsuan Sung Chang ◽  
Chia Ling Chen ◽  
Hsieh Ching Chen ◽  
Jen Suh Chern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Obstacle Avoidance ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Avoidance Strategies ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Stepping over obstacles is an essential ability to walk safely in daily living. There are internal and external factors interacting to keep us stay in balance during negotiating obstacles. As we get older, the walking patterns and avoidance strategies may change due to the age-related degradation of our body. Since many studies show that tripping over obstacles is one of the most frequent causes of falls in the elderly [1], it is important for us to understand the control strategies of older adults during obstacle avoidance. The observation could let to an increased awareness of obstacle avoidance tasks and help diminishing falls risks in older adults [2].

scholarly journals Gaming Technology to Support Leisure Activities Among Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 559-559
Author(s):  
Walter Boot
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Gaming Technology ◽  
Research And Education

Abstract There has been a great deal of research on technology to support older adults in their performance of Activities and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. There has been substantially less research, however, on exploring technology solutions that support hobbies and leisure. This is unfortunate, as quality of life and well-being are determined by more than just one’s ability to manage everyday tasks. An overview will be presented of research the Center for Research and Education on Aging and Technology Enhancement (CREATE) has conducted over two decades with the goals of understanding and supporting older adults’ performance of technology-based leisure activities. Many of these studies have involved videogaming, where there exists a substantial age-related digital divide. CREATE has evaluated older adults’ attitudes and game experiences through survey and research studies and has even recorded longitudinal gameplay. How these findings can be applied to support technology-based leisure activities will be expanded upon. Part of a symposium sponsored by Technology and Aging Interest Group.

scholarly journals Modifications in anesthesia for geriatric patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
Brandon Chau ◽  
Alexander Levit
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Patient Monitoring ◽  
Postoperative Delirium ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Postoperative Morbidity ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Organ Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Geriatric Anesthesia

The volume of geriatric surgery is expected to increase dramatically by 2020, requiring a more widespread appreciation of the unique risks and challenges of anesthesia in the elderly. Changes in pharmacokinetics along with age-related changes in organ function have important implications for patient monitoring and dosing of anesthetic, analgesic, and sedative medications. Preoperative screening for risk of postoperative morbidity is improved with an assessment of activities of daily living, and regional anesthesia may be considered to reduce the risk of postoperative delirium, although this remains controversial. Specific homeostatic parameters should be closely monitored in the perioperative period. The approach to anesthesia in geriatric patients should not be merely extrapolated from younger patients, and further evidence specific to geriatric anesthesia will improve surgical outcomes.

Neuromuscular adaptations to healthy aging

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1158-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris J. McNeil ◽  
Charles L. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Neuromuscular System ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Neuromuscular Adaptations ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Stimulation Of

Even in the absence of disease or disability, aging is associated with marked physiological adaptations within the neuromuscular system. An ability to perform activities of daily living and maintain independence with advanced age is reliant on the health of the neuromuscular system. Hence, it is critical to elucidate the age-related adaptations that occur within the central nervous system and the associated muscles to design interventions to maintain or improve neuromuscular function in the elderly. This brief review focuses on the neural alterations observed at both spinal and supraspinal levels in healthy humans in their seventh decade and beyond. The topics addressed are motor unit loss and remodelling, neural drive, and responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex.

The relationship between activities of daily living,falls and fear of falling in older adults : A crosssectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-425
Author(s):  
Hamed Mortazavi ◽  
Mahbubeh Tabatabaeichehr ◽  
Masoumeh Taherpour ◽  
Mohadece Masoumi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
The Relationship

Objective : Doingactivities of daily living can bring independence for the elderly. It can also maintain their health and social participation. However, experience of falls and fear of falling can affect the health and personal social life of the elderly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between falls and fear of falling with activities of daily living in older adults. Materials and methods : Four hundred and fifty elderly persons were enrolled in this cross-sectional study using cluster sampling. Demographic variables, Fall Efficacy Scale- International (FES-I) and questionnaires related to the study of activities of daily living were employed. To investigate advanced activities of daily living, open-ended questions were used. The history of falls within the last 12 months was investigated. Results : Mean score of basic activities of daily living in the elderly being studied was 15.49±1.74, and 95.4% of them were independent in doing these activities.Mean score of instrumental activities of daily living was 11.30±3.36, and 71.5% of them were independent in doing these activities. Participation of elderly persons in social activities was reported to be 77.9%. There was a significant relationship between activities of daily living (basic, instrumental, and advanced) and falls and fear of falling (p<0.05). Conclusion : Falls and fear of falling reduce the independence of elderly persons in doing activities of daily living. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(2) 2021 p.420-425

scholarly journals Muscular Atrophy and Sarcopenia in the Elderly: Is There a Role for Creatine Supplementation?

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolan ◽  
Artioli ◽  
Pereira ◽  
Gualano
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Training Stimulus ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function

Sarcopenia is characterized by a loss of muscle mass, quality, and function, and negatively impacts health, functionality, and quality of life for numerous populations, particularly older adults. Creatine is an endogenously produced metabolite, which has the theoretical potential to counteract many of the morphological and metabolic parameters underpinning sarcopenia. This can occur through a range of direct and indirect mechanisms, including temporal and spatial functions that accelerate ATP regeneration during times of high energy demand, direct anabolic and anti-catabolic functions, and enhanced muscle regenerating capacity through positively impacting muscle stem cell availability. Studies conducted in older adults show little benefit of creatine supplementation alone on muscle function or mass. In contrast, creatine supplementation as an adjunct to exercise training seems to augment the muscle adaptive response to the training stimulus, potentially through increasing capacity for higher intensity exercise, and/or by enhancing post-exercise recovery and adaptation. As such, creatine may be an effective dietary strategy to combat age-related muscle atrophy and sarcopenia when used to complement the benefits of exercise training.

scholarly journals Study of adverse drug reactions and clinical profile of elderly in relation to polypharmacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Nagaraja BS ◽  
Keerthana Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Improve Compliance ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Background: Polypharmacy is a becoming more prevalent in older adults and adverse risk increases with age-related change. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are common in older adults and worrisome aspect of treatment in elderly. Aims and Objective: The study aimed to identify the common clinical conditions leading to polypharmacy and to compare the adverse drug profiles of the 2 groups. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in Hospitals attached to BMCRI, where 200 patients aged 65 or more were interviewed. 100 elderly patients using 5 or more drugs were identified as cases and assessed against a control group of 100 patients. Results: Our study found that ADRs were found to be three times higher in individuals on polypharmacy compared to the control group (OR 3.4675 95% CI 1.6241 to 7.4035). The most commonly occurring ADRs were dyspepsia (OR 1.9259), drowsiness (OR 3.5926) and fatigue (OR 1.5319) with increased incidence in the case group. The most common conditions associated with polypharmacy were found to be hypertension (53%), diabetes mellitus(46%), COPD(14%) and IHD(14%). 66% of the study group had two or more of the above diseases, whereas in the control group only 32% had multiple illnesses. The most commonly prescribed medications were antihypertensives (61%), hypolipidemics (44%), antiplatelets (41%) and antibiotics(40%). Conclusion: Polypharmacy in the elderly comes with a significant increase in adverse effects. The reduced pill burden will not only decrease ADRs and improve compliance, but will also result in greater patient satisfaction and mental health, thereby improving the quality of geriatric care.

Does Aging and Disease Increase the Importance of Cognitive Strategies? Social and Temporal Comparisons in Healthy Younger and Older Adults and in Younger and Older Cancer Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-81
Author(s):  
Mimi Mehlsen ◽  
Mai Bjørnskov Mikkelsen ◽  
Christina Maar Andersen ◽  
Chaitali Ollars
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Control ◽  
Physical Decline ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Older Cancer Patients ◽  
The Individual

Social and temporal comparisons may help the individual anchor his or her self-image in a social and temporal context. In the Life-Span Theory of Control, comparisons are included in the repertoire of secondary control strategies individuals may apply when primary control strategies are obstructed, for example, by age-related losses or physical decline. The aim of this study was to explore differences in prevalence and effects of social and temporal comparisons in younger and older adults and healthy and diseased individuals ( n = 34). Semistructured interviews were conducted and analyzed using a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results revealed that older adults engaged in more comparisons than younger adults and that the outcomes of comparisons were more positive for older adults, particularly older cancer patients. The results indicate that comparisons may be applied more often by older and diseased individuals in the service of maintaining well-being.

Conclusion

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Individual Therapy ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

Addiction in older adults very often goes unrecognized, for several reasons: social biases about the elderly, age-related metabolic changes, and the inappropriate use of prescription benzodiazepines and opioids to address untreated anxiety and mood conditions. Alcohol or substance-use disorders (SUDs) in older individuals may present in subtle and atypical ways. Strategies to overcome such difficulties include systematic screening using validated instruments, patient education regarding the impact of psychoactive substances on health, and cautious prescribing practices. Relying on standard DSM criteria may result in a failure to detect an SUD that presents with cognitive symptoms or physical injury, as well as the absence of work or social consequences. Older individuals can benefit from the application of risk-stratification measures, and they can be referred, e.g., to age-appropriate group therapy and non-confrontational individual therapy focusing on late-life issues of loss and sources of social support, as well as be offered medication management for alcohol or substance use disorder. Although research has been limited in this population, treatment outcomes have been found to be superior in older adults than younger adults.

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