Hybrid Rotary-Translational Energy Harvester for Multi-Axis Ambient Vibrations

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Amin Karami ◽  
Daniel J. Inman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Period Doubling ◽  
Translational Energy ◽  
Ambient Vibrations ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Specific Direction ◽  
Electromagnetic Coils ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

A nonlinear electromagnetic energy harvester is presented which can generate power from translational vibrations in two directions and rotational excitations. Commonly, vibrational energy harvesters are designed to generate power from only translational ambient oscillations in a specific direction. The assumption of uni-axial ambient vibrations is too idealistic. Not only the direction of the base excitations typically change in time but also the rotational excitations are as common in oscillating machinery as the translational vibrations. The proposed energy harvester is inspired by the Automatic Generating System in Seiko watches. The moving element is a magnetic pendulum. When the pendulum moves in response to the base excitations the magnetic tip passes over electromagnetic coils, positioned in a circular array in the stator. The relative motion of the tip magnet and the coil generates electricity. The paper presents an analytical representative model for the energy harvesting system. The dynamics and energy generation of the energy harvester in response to four different excitation configurations are studied. It is demonstrated that in response to large excitations the system commonly undergoes period doubling bifurcations and occasionally undergoes chaos. The study paves the way to optimal design of the hybrid rotary translational energy harvesters.

scholarly journals Load Resistance Optimization of a Broadband Bistable Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Primary Harmonic and Subharmonic Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungryong Bae ◽  
Pilkee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Oscillation Period ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Ambient Vibrations ◽  
Frequency Dependency ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Optimal Load ◽  
Bistable Energy Harvester

In this study, optimization of the external load resistance of a piezoelectric bistable energy harvester was performed for primary harmonic (period-1T) and subharmonic (period-3T) interwell motions. The analytical expression of the optimal load resistance was derived, based on the spectral analyses of the interwell motions, and evaluated. The analytical results are in excellent agreement with the numerical ones. A parametric study shows that the optimal load resistance depended on the forcing frequency, but not the intensity of the ambient vibration. Additionally, it was found that the optimal resistance for the period-3T interwell motion tended to be approximately three times larger than that for the period-1T interwell motion, which means that the optimal resistance was directly affected by the oscillation frequency (or oscillation period) of the motion rather than the forcing frequency. For broadband energy harvesting applications, the subharmonic interwell motion is also useful, in addition to the primary harmonic interwell motion. In designing such piezoelectric bistable energy harvesters, the frequency dependency of the optimal load resistance should be considered properly depending on ambient vibrations.

scholarly journals Fluorinated Polyethylene Propylene Ferroelectrets with an Air-Filled Concentric Tunnel Structure: Preparation, Characterization, and Application in Energy Harvesting

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1072
Author(s):  
Xi Zuo ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Wenjun Pan ◽  
Xingchen Ma ◽  
Tongqing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Response ◽  
Tunnel Structure ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Seismic Mass

Fluorinated polyethylene propylene (FEP) bipolar ferroelectret films with a specifically designed concentric tunnel structure were prepared by means of rigid-template based thermoplastic molding and contact polarization. The properties of the fabricated films, including the piezoelectric response, mechanical property, and thermal stability, were characterized, and two kinds of energy harvesters based on such ferroelectret films, working in 33- and 31-modes respectively, were investigated. The results show that the FEP films exhibit significant longitudinal and radial piezoelectric activities, as well as superior thermal stability. A quasi-static piezoelectric d33 coefficient of up to 5300 pC/N was achieved for the FEP films, and a radial piezoelectric sensitivity of 40,000 pC/N was obtained in a circular film sample with a diameter of 30 mm. Such films were thermally stable at 120 °C after a reduction of 35%. Two types of vibrational energy harvesters working in 33-mode and 31-mode were subsequently designed. The results show that a power output of up to 1 mW was achieved in an energy harvester working in 33-mode at a resonance frequency of 210 Hz, referring to a seismic mass of 33.4 g and an acceleration of 1 g (g is the gravity of the earth). For a device working in 31-mode, a power output of 15 μW was obtained at a relatively low resonance frequency of 26 Hz and a light seismic mass of 1.9 g. Therefore, such concentric tunnel FEP ferroelectric films provide flexible options for designing vibrational energy harvesters working either in 33-mode or 31-mode to adapt to application environments.

On Mathematical Modeling of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 655-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Qing Shang ◽  
Hong Bing Wang ◽  
Chun Hua Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Piezoelectric Vibration

Energy harvesting system has become one of important areas of ​​research and develops rapidly. How to improve the performance of the piezoelectric vibration energy harvester is a key issue in engineering applications. There are many literature on piezoelectric energy harvesting. The paper places focus on summarizing these literature of mathematical modeling of piezoelectric energy harvesting, ranging from the linear to nonlinear, from early a single mechanical degree to piezoaeroelastic problems.

Field Test and Characteristic Analysis of Railroad Track Vibration Energy Harvester

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyong Zuo ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Yihao Gu ◽  
Lei Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

Abstract Railroad vibration energy harvester has been researched and developed to harness the energy from the vibration of railway track when the trains pass. The vibrational energy could be transformed into electrical energy using mechanical motion rectification (MMR) mechanism and then further be used to power trackside equipment including sensors and some smart electrical devices. In order to test the performance of the MMR railroad energy harvesting system, a series of infield tests were conducted with a self-developed distributed measurement system in Railroad Test Lab at Tongji University. A 10V peak voltage was achieved with 8 Ohms external resistive load at the train speed of 30 km/h, which was consistent with the result of in-lab bench tests. In addition, some experience of design and installation for the motioned based energy harvesting system was gained, which can provide some references for the future improvement of railroad energy harvesting systems.

An Axially-Suspended Vibration Energy Harvesting Beam for Broadband Performance and High Versatility

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Harne ◽  
K. W. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electrostatic Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fine Control ◽  
Self Powered

It has recently been shown that negligible linear stiffness or very small negative stiffness may be the most beneficial stiffness nonlinearities for vibrational energy harvesters due to the broadband, amplified responses which result from such designs. These stiffness characteristics are often achieved by providing axial compression along the length of a harvester beam. Axial compressive forces induced using magnetic or electrostatic effects are often easily tuned; however, electrostatic energy harvesters are practically limited to microscale realizations and magnets are not amenable in a variety of applications, e.g. self-powered biomedical implants or when the harvesters are packaged with particular circuits. On the other hand, mechanically-induced pre-compression methods considered to date are less able to achieve fine control of the applied force which is typically governed by a pre-compression distance that has practical constraints such as resolution and tolerance. This notably limits the harvester’s ability to precisely obtain the desired near-zero or small negative linear stiffness and thus inhibits the favorable dynamical phenomena that lead to high energy conversion performance. Inspired by the wing motor structure of the common diptera (fly), this research explores an alternative energy harvester design and configuration that considerably improves control over pre-compression factors and their influence upon performance-improving dynamics. A pre-compressed harvester beam having an axial suspension on an end is investigated through theoretical and numerical studies and experimental efforts. Suspension and pre-loading adjustments are found to enable comprehensive variation over the resulting dynamics. It is shown that the incorporation of adjustable axial suspension into the design of pre-compressed energy harvester beams is therefore a versatile, all-mechanical means to enhance the performance of such devices and ensure favorable dynamics are retained across a wide range of excitation conditions.

Design of a Compliant Flexure Joint for Use in a Flow Energy Harvester

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punnag Chatterjee ◽  
Matthew Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Flow Induced Vibration ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Flow Energy ◽  
Flexure Mechanism ◽  
Multiple Components ◽  
Compact Design

This paper presents an initial experimental and computational investigation of a flow-induced vibration energy harvester with a compliant flexure mechanism. This energy harvester utilizes the aeroelastic flutter phenomenon to convert the flow energy to vibrational energy which can be converted into useful electrical power using piezoelectric transducers. However, unlike previous flutter-based flow energy harvesters [1] which require assembling multiple components to create the necessary aeroelastic arrangement, the device described here utilizes a monolithic, compact design to achieve the same. In this paper, we propose a flexure design for this device and model it using analytic methods and finite element simulations. A proof of concept energy harvester incorporating this flexure design has been fabricated and experimentally investigated in wind tunnel testing.

scholarly journals The Effect of Axial Displacement of Magnets in Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.7) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Li Wah Thong ◽  
Yu Jing Bong ◽  
Swee Leong Kok ◽  
Roszaidi Ramlan
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Spectrum ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Operational Frequency ◽  
And Performance

The utilization of vibration energy harvesters as a substitute to batteries in wireless sensors has shown prominent interest in the literature. Various approaches have been adapted in the energy harvesters to competently harvest vibrational energy over a wider spectrum of frequencies with optimize power output.   A typical bistable piezoelectric energy harvester, where the influence of magnetic field is induced into a linear piezoelectric cantilever, is designed and analyzed in this paper. The exploitations of the magnetic force specifically creates nonlinear response and bistability in the energy harvester that extends the operational frequency spectrum for optimize performance.  Further analysis on the effects of axial spacing displacement between two repulsive magnets of the harvester, in terms of x-axis (horizontal) and z-axis (vertical) on its natural resonant frequency and performance based on the frequency response curve are investigated for realizing optimal power output. Experimental results show that by selecting the optimal axial spacing displacement, the vibration energy harvester can be designed to produce maximized output power in an improved broadband of frequency spectrum.  

scholarly journals Simulative verification of a novel semi-active broadband energy harvester

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
K. Retan ◽  
A. Graf ◽  
L. Reindl
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Electronic Circuitry ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
First Time ◽  
Vibrational Energy Harvesting ◽  
System Layout

Abstract. This paper presents a semi-active broadband vibrational-energy harvesting system. Based on a non-resonant rotational generator, electronic circuitry was used to overcome the physical start-up restrictions. Due to the functional design it remains an energy harvester suitable for battery-less devices. For the first time a vibrational energy harvester is presented that allows standardization and thus higher volume production. A system layout, simulation, and measurement data will be shown.

Nonlinear Dynamics of the Hybrid Rotary-Translational Energy Harvester

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Amin Karami ◽  
Daniel J. Inman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Translational Motion ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Translational Energy ◽  
Ambient Vibrations ◽  
Tire Pressure ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Basin Of Attractions

The analytical modeling and experimental investigation of a nonlinear electromagnetic rotational energy harvester, which can harvest power from rotary and translational excitations, are presented. Some application of energy harvesting such as energy harvesting for tire pressure sensing require an energy harvester which is efficient in generating power from rotational ambient vibrations. The majority of literature on vibration energy harvesting assumes that the ambient excitations are along a single axis. The vibrations from human motion or rotary machines have two components of translational motion as well as a strong rotary motion. The energy harvesting device studied in this paper is a pendulum like device. The base excitations result in rotations of a pendulum. The pendulum is connected to a direct current micro generator. The rotational vibrations of the pendulum generates electricity through the DC generator. Since the energy harvester is responsive to both translational and rotational base excitations, it is called Hybrid Rotary-Translational (HRT) generator. In this paper a small size HRT harvester is introduced and modeled. The model is used to investigate the relation between the frequency and the amplitude of base vibrations on the vibrations and power generation characteristics of the HRT system. For each frequency and amplitude of vibrations the coexistence of multiple solutions and their basin of attractions are investigated. Three types of ambient excitations are studied: rotational, translational along the direction of gravity, and translational normal to the direction of the gravity.

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