scholarly journals General advice in ultrasound based elastography of pediatric patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph F. Dietrich ◽  
Giovanna Ferraioli ◽  
Roxana Sirli ◽  
Alina Popescu ◽  
Ioan Sporea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Strain Elastography ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Current Report

Ultrasound elastography including transient elastography (TE), point shear wave elastography, (pSWE) and two (three)- dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) have been introduced mainly for the evaluation of the liver. All the techniques are also feasible for the examination of spleen, whereas pSWE and 2D-SWE can be used for the assessment of the pancreas, kidney, gastrointestinal tract and other organs. Strain elastography also plays a role for non-liver applications. The aim of the current report is to highlight unique features and techniques for the elastographic examinations in children and to report initial results in non-liver applications

scholarly journals Strain Elastography - How To Do It?

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. E137-E149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Dietrich ◽  
Richard Barr ◽  
André Farrokh ◽  
Manjiri Dighe ◽  
Michael Hocke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Speed ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Tissue Stiffness ◽  
Shear Wave Speed ◽  
Strain Elastography ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Similar Information ◽  
Qualitative Technique

AbstractTissue stiffness assessed by palpation for diagnosing pathology has been used for thousands of years. Ultrasound elastography has been developed more recently to display similar information on tissue stiffness as an image. There are two main types of ultrasound elastography, strain and shear wave. Strain elastography is a qualitative technique and provides information on the relative stiffness between one tissue and another. Shear wave elastography is a quantitative method and provides an estimated value of the tissue stiffness that can be expressed in either the shear wave speed through the tissues in meters/second, or converted to the Young’s modulus making some assumptions and expressed in kPa. Each technique has its advantages and disadvantages and they are often complimentary to each other in clinical practice. This article reviews the principles, technique, and interpretation of strain elastography in various organs. It describes how to optimize technique, while pitfalls and artifacts are also discussed.

scholarly journals Ultrasound elastography in patients with fatty liver disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza de Campos Moreira da Silva ◽  
Julia Teixeira de Oliveira ◽  
Sandra Tochetto ◽  
Claudia Pinto Marques Souza de Oliveira ◽  
Rosa Sigrist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography

Abstract Hepatic steatosis, or fatty liver disease, occurs due to the accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes. When it becomes chronic, lobular inflammation develops and the disease can evolve to hepatic fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma. Early diagnosis is desirable because patients diagnosed in the early stage of the disease respond better to treatment. In the early stages of fatty liver disease, the physical examination is often unremarkable. Fatty liver disease and hepatic fibrosis can be diagnosed and monitored through laboratory tests, imaging, and biopsy. Among the imaging methods, ultrasound stands out as an effective means of diagnosing and following patients with liver disease. Ultrasound used in conjunction with elastography (ultrasound elastography) has recently shown great utility in the follow-up of such patients. Ultrasound elastography studies the degree of deformation (stiffness) of an organ or lesion, so that when there is hardening, fibrosis, or cirrhosis of the liver, those alterations are well demonstrated. In this review article, we discuss the application of the different types of ultrasound elastography for liver studies: transient elastography, point shear wave elastography, and two-dimensional shear wave elastography. Although magnetic resonance elastography may also be used in the analysis of liver fibrosis, it will not be addressed in this article.

scholarly journals Breast Tumour Classification Using Ultrasound Elastography with Machine Learning: A Systematic Scoping Review

Cancers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Ye-Jiao Mao ◽  
Hyo-Jung Lim ◽  
Ming Ni ◽  
Wai-Hin Yan ◽  
Duo Wai-Chi Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Breast Tumour ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Tumour Classification ◽  
Strain Elastography

Ultrasound elastography can quantify stiffness distribution of tissue lesions and complements conventional B-mode ultrasound for breast cancer screening. Recently, the development of computer-aided diagnosis has improved the reliability of the system, whilst the inception of machine learning, such as deep learning, has further extended its power by facilitating automated segmentation and tumour classification. The objective of this review was to summarize application of the machine learning model to ultrasound elastography systems for breast tumour classification. Review databases included PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and EMBASE. Thirteen (n = 13) articles were eligible for review. Shear-wave elastography was investigated in six articles, whereas seven studies focused on strain elastography (5 freehand and 2 Acoustic Radiation Force). Traditional computer vision workflow was common in strain elastography with separated image segmentation, feature extraction, and classifier functions using different algorithm-based methods, neural networks or support vector machines (SVM). Shear-wave elastography often adopts the deep learning model, convolutional neural network (CNN), that integrates functional tasks. All of the reviewed articles achieved sensitivity ³ 80%, while only half of them attained acceptable specificity ³ 95%. Deep learning models did not necessarily perform better than traditional computer vision workflow. Nevertheless, there were inconsistencies and insufficiencies in reporting and calculation, such as the testing dataset, cross-validation, and methods to avoid overfitting. Most of the studies did not report loss or hyperparameters. Future studies may consider using the deep network with an attention layer to locate the targeted object automatically and online training to facilitate efficient re-training for sequential data.

scholarly journals Elastography ultrasound for screening and early detection of esophageal varices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelhamid Mohamed Abdou ◽  
Doha Jawad Alsafwani ◽  
Kamal Jamal Alamrousi ◽  
Alaa Ali Muri ◽  
Aseel Hassan Almagrabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Early Observation ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Hepatic Diseases ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Endoscopy

Despite that esophageal varices can be effectively detected by using upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy, the procedure is invasive and requires the integration of adequate experience and training, and it is not suitable for many patients. Accordingly, ultrasound elastography has been developed and validated by many studies in the recent literature as effective and non-invasive modalities for the early observation and diagnosis of esophageal varices and the relevant hepatic diseases. In this study, we aim to conduct a literature review to furtherly elaborate on the role and validity of elastography ultrasound to screen and early detect esophageal varices. We have discussed the diagnostic efficacy of three different types of ultrasound elastography including two-dimensional shear wave elastography, point shear wave elastography, and transient elastography in detecting and early diagnosis of esophageal varies. Transient elastography (TE) has been reported to be efficacious and the simplest technique. However, it was reported with some limitations. These limitations could be compensated by the two-dimensional shear wave elastography and the point shear wave, Nevertheless, these two modalities need high levels of experience and are not widely available. Besides, there are a few investigations that have validated the efficacy of the latter in detecting esophageal varices. Accordingly, we encourage further investigation for a future relevance.

Liver Elastography in Healthy Children Using Three Different Systems – How Many Measurements Are Necessary?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Batman Mjelle ◽  
Anesa Mulabecirovic ◽  
Roald Flesland Havre ◽  
Edda Jonina Olafsdottir ◽  
Odd Helge Gilja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pediatric Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Elastography

Abstract Purpose Liver elastography is increasingly being applied in screening for and follow-up of pediatric liver disease, and has been shown to correlate well with fibrosis staging through liver biopsy. Because time is of the essence when examining children, we wanted to evaluate if a reliable result can be achieved with fewer acquisitions. Materials and Methods 243 healthy children aged 4–17 years were examined after three hours of fasting. Participants were divided into four age groups: 4–7 years; 8–11 years; 12–14 years and 15–17 years. Both two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE; GE Logiq E9) and point shear wave elastography (pSWE; Samsung RS80A with Prestige) were performed in all participants, while transient elastography (TE, Fibroscan) was performed in a subset of 87 children aged 8–17 years. Median liver stiffness measurement (LSM) values of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 acquisitions were compared with the median value of 10 acquisitions (reference standard). Comparison was performed for all participants together as well as within every specific age group. We investigated both the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with absolute agreement and all outliers more than 10 %, 20 % or ≥ 0.5 or 1.0 kPa from the median of 10 acquisitions. Results For all three systems there was no significant difference between three and ten acquisitions, with ICCs ≥ 0.97. All systems needed 4 acquisitions to achieve no LSM deviating ≥ 1.0 kPa of a median of ten. To achieve no LSM deviating ≥ 20 % of a median of ten acquisitions, pSWE and TE needed 4 acquisitions, while 2D-SWE required 6 acquisitions. Conclusion Our results contradict recommendations of 10 acquisitions for pSWE and TE and only 3 for 2D-SWE.

scholarly journals Elastic Modulus and Elasticity Ratio of Malignant Breast Lesions with Shear Wave Ultrasound Elastography: Variations with Different Region of Interest and Lesion Size

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015
Author(s):  
Antonio Bulum ◽  
Gordana Ivanac ◽  
Eugen Divjak ◽  
Iva Biondić Špoljar ◽  
Martina Džoić Dominković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
The Impact

Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a type of ultrasound elastography with which the elastic properties of breast tissues can be quantitatively assessed. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of different regions of interest (ROI) and lesion size on the performance of SWE in differentiating malignant breast lesions. The study included 150 female patients with histopathologically confirmed malignant breast lesions. Minimal (Emin), mean (Emean), maximal (Emax) elastic modulus and elasticity ratio (e-ratio) values were measured using a circular ROI size of 2, 4 and 6 mm diameters and the lesions were divided into large (diameter ≥ 15 mm) and small (diameter < 15 mm). Highest Emin, Emean and e-ratio values and lowest variability were observed when using the 2 mm ROI. Emax values did not differ between different ROI sizes. Larger lesions had significantly higher Emean and Emax values, but there was no difference in e-ratio values between lesions of different sizes. In conclusion, when measuring the Emin, Emean and e-ratio of malignant breast lesions using SWE the smallest possible ROI size should be used regardless of lesion size. ROI size has no impact on Emax values while lesion size has no impact on e-ratio values.

Feasibility of transient elastography versus real-time two-dimensional shear wave elastography in difficult-to-scan patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 1354-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Staugaard ◽  
Peer Brehm Christensen ◽  
Belinda Mössner ◽  
Janne Fuglsang Hansen ◽  
Bjørn Stæhr Madsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Two Dimensional
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