Dietary Intake, Body Image Perceptions, and Weight Concerns of Female US International Synchronized Figure Skating Teams

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula J. Ziegler ◽  
Srimathi Kannan ◽  
Satya S. Jonnalagadda ◽  
Ambika Krishnakumar ◽  
Sara E. Taksali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Figure Skating ◽  
Weight Concerns ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Weight History ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
Synchronized Skating

The objectives of the study were to determine the nutrient intakes and to examine body image perceptions and weight concerns of elite female US international synchronized skaters. One hundred and twenty-three skaters (mean age = 17.0 ± 2.1 y; BMI = 21.32 ± 2.13) representing six US international synchronized skating teams from the 1998 competitive season participated in the study. Nutrient intakes were determined from 3-d dietary records. Body image perceptions were assessed from responses to silhouette drawings. Skaters completed an emotional and physical self-appraisal. Weight concerns were assessed using a self-administered validated weight history questionnaire. The reported energy intake was 26 kcal/kg. The contribution of carbohydrate, fat, and protein to total energy intake was 62%, 23%, and 15% for younger (14-18 y) and 62%, 24%, and 14%, respectively, for the older (19-30 y) skaters. Significant differences (P < 0.001) were observed between perceived ideal and current body shapes. The greater the dissatisfaction with physical and emotional self, the larger the discrepancy between current versus desired body shape. Results suggest that sports nutritionists should not only assess nutrition factors but also examine psychosocial and emotional correlates related to body image and weight concerns of synchronized skaters.

scholarly journals Influence of the fear of death on body image evaluation.

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Alicja Głębocka ◽  
Magdalena Rudlicka ◽  
Grzegorz Kulik
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Body Esteem ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Shapes

Background: Research on the consequences of fear of death often consists of classical investigations within the sphere of social psychology. However, the aspect of body image regarding this issue remains largely unexplored. Aim of the study: The goal of the conducted experiment was to examine the mechanisms reducing the fear of death. The respondents had two options to choose from: (1) increasing self-esteem in terms of physical attractiveness, or (2) lowering the rating of the body image presented in the photographs. Material and methods: The study was conducted using the following tests: (1) the Memory Test, developed by Łukaszewski and Buczny; (2) the Body-Esteem Scale (BE S), developed by Franzoi and Shields; (3) the UMACL Mood Adjective Checklist, developed by Mathews, Chamberlain, and Jones; and (4) the Body Shape Attractiveness Questionnaire. In this report, we present results of an analysis of 221 respondents (108 women and 113 men). Results: Death-related thoughts influence the perception of female body attractiveness. Respondents with awareness of mortality salience rated the attractiveness of body shape as lower than respondents from the control group. Conclusions: The present experiment confirmed the influence of fear of death on the evaluation of cultural and biological standards of female physical attractiveness, as well as, the hesitation of participants’ self-esteem and mood related to sex. The lack of critical evaluation of others and a positive self-evaluation effectively protects an individual against mood deterioration, and these effects were observed among men. However, these mechanisms do not apply to women, since women reacted critically to both body shapes in the photographs and their own bodies.

scholarly journals Associations between free sugars and nutrient intakes among children and adolescents in the UK

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (7) ◽  
pp. 1265-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid Gibson ◽  
Lucy Francis ◽  
Katie Newens ◽  
Barbara Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Positive Results

AbstractThis study explored associations between free sugars intake (using non-milk extrinsic sugars as proxy) and nutrient intakes among children aged 1·5–18 years in the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008–2012. Dietary records were completed by 2073 children (95 % completed 4 d). Mean free sugars intakes (% energy) were 11·8, 14·7 and 15·4 % in the 1·5–3, 4–10 and 11–18 years age groups, respectively. Nutrient intakes and nutrient density were compared across quintiles (Q1–Q5) of free sugars intake (% energy) within each age group. Energy intake rose from Q1 to Q5 of free sugars, whereas percentages of energy intake from fat, SFA and protein dropped. Associations with micronutrients (mg/d or mcg/d) were mostly non-significant, but among 11–18-year-olds there were significant negative associations with Zn, Se, Fe, Cu, and vitamin A and D. There were stronger negative associations with micronutrient density (mg/mcg per 4·18 MJ) for most nutrients in all age groups. Associations with vitamin C were positive. Results were similar after excluding misreporters. Children aged 4–18 years who consumed average amounts of free sugars or above (>13 % energy or Q3–Q5) had lower diet quality than those consuming <10 % free sugars (Q1), but there were insufficient data to assess diets with 5 % free sugars. High consumers obtained a higher proportion of free sugars from soft drinks, fruit juice and sugar confectionery and less from breakfast cereals. Ultimately, nutrient intakes depend on the total dietary pattern; however, reducing overconsumption of sugary foods and drinks with low nutrient density may help improve diet quality.

Perception of body image and its association with Body Mass Index (BMI) among college girls in Puducherry

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumari Puja ◽  
Sathish Rajaa ◽  
Ramesh Ronur ◽  
Mahalakshmy Thulasingam
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Figure Rating Scale ◽  
Healthy Eating Behavior ◽  
Negative Images ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

AbstractIntroduction and ObjectivesAdolescence is a transition stage when girls start developing positive and negative images regarding their body shape and appearance. It is a period where there is a constant urge among females to get a skinny and slim body shape. These distinguished unreal body shapes are influenced by the mass media and other common cultural idols. As it is important to know the factors affecting their perception, we aimed to determine the proportion of college girls who overestimate/underestimate their body image and also the influence of media, peers and parents in their perception of body image.MethodsTotal 510 students were selected between 18 and 21years. Standardized self -administered questionnaire such as the Figure Rating Scale (FRS) was used to determine the perception of body image among college girls. The FRS consists of schematic silhouette image of nine female from outmost slender to outmost overweight. Data regarding Sociodemographic, Anthropometry and effect of various factors influencing them were also collected.ResultsThe present study showed that almost 60.2% of the college girls were having correct perception of their body shape. 21.2% of the college girls overestimated their body shape and 18.6% of college girls underestimated their body shape. The perception was significantly influenced by media, parents and peers.ConclusionThe study concluded that almost two in five girls have a misconception of their body shape and it is more influenced by media and family, so encouraging adequate support from their parents and following healthy eating behavior is the need of the hour.

Chinese and American College Students' Body-Image: Perceived Body Shape and Body Affect

1998 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiyun Chen ◽  
Ricky L. Swalm
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
American Students ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
Negative Feelings

This study examined the differences in the measures of perception of body shape and body affect among Chinese and American college male and female students. 289 Chinese students in China and 180 American students in the United States voluntarily completed the Body-image Questionnaire, comprised of four categories: (a) anthropometric data, (b) self-perception of body shape, (c) body affect, and (d) desired body shape. American students were significantly more likely than Chinese students to perceive their body shapes as being larger, but both Chinese and American students tended to perceive their body shapes accurately. For body affect, both Chinese and American female students who perceived themselves as thin had positive feelings about their bodies, while both groups of female students who perceived themselves as heavy had negative feelings about their bodies. American women were more likely than Chinese women to have negative feelings about their bodies. American students also placed high value on muscular firmness as part of their ideal female body shape, while Chinese students added plumpness as another component for judging ideal female body shape. Both Chinese and American men valued physical strength as a major component for body satisfaction.

scholarly journals SmartFit: Smartphone Application for Garment Fit Detection

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Kamrul H. Foysal ◽  
Hyo Jung Chang ◽  
Francine Bruess ◽  
Jo Woon Chong
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Shape Detection ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Apparel Shopping ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Clothing Fit ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
Garment Fit

The apparel e-commerce industry is growing day by day. In recent times, consumers are particularly interested in an easy and time-saving way of online apparel shopping. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has generated more need for an effective and convenient online shopping solution for consumers. However, online shopping, particularly online apparel shopping, has several challenges for consumers. These issues include sizing, fit, return, and cost concerns. Especially, the fit issue is one of the cardinal factors causing hesitance and drawback in online apparel purchases. The conventional method of clothing fit detection based on body shapes relies upon manual body measurements. Since no convenient and easy-to-use method has been proposed for body shape detection, we propose an interactive smartphone application, “SmartFit”, that will provide the optimal fitting clothing recommendation to the consumer by detecting their body shape. This optimal recommendation is provided by using image processing and machine learning that are solely dependent on smartphone images. Our preliminary assessment of the developed model shows an accuracy of 87.50% for body shape detection, producing a promising solution to the fit detection problem persisting in the digital apparel market.

scholarly journals Association of Time-of-Day Energy Intake Patterns with Nutrient Intakes, Diet Quality, and Insulin Resistance

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Song ◽  
Huijun Wang ◽  
Chang Su ◽  
Zhihong Wang ◽  
Feifei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Dominant Pattern

Evidence shows time-of-day of energy intake are associated with health outcomes; however, studies of time-of-day energy patterns and their health implication are still lacking in the Asian population. This study aims to examine the time-of-day energy intake pattern of Chinese adults and to examine its associations with nutrient intakes, diet quality, and insulin resistance. Dietary data from three 24-h recalls collected during the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were analyzed (n = 8726, aged ≥ 18 years). Time-of-day energy intake patterns were determined by latent class analysis (LCA). General Linear Models and Multilevel Mixed-effects Logistic Regression Models were applied to investigate the associations between latent time-of-day energy intake patterns, energy-adjusted nutrient intakes, diet quality score, and insulin resistance. Three time-of-day energy intake patterns were identified. Participants in the “Evening dominant pattern” were younger, had higher proportions of alcohol drinkers and current smokers. The “Evening dominant pattern” was associated with higher daily energy intake and a higher percentage of energy from fat (%) (p < 0.001), as well as higher insulin resistance risk (OR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.40), after adjusting for multivariate covariates. The highest diet quality score was observed in participants with “Noon dominant pattern” (p < 0.001). A higher proportion of energy in the later of the day was associated with insulin resistance in free-living individuals.

scholarly journals Higher Impulse Electromyostimulation Contributes to Psychological Satisfaction and Physical Development in Healthy Men

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Kangho Kim ◽  
Denny Eun ◽  
Yong-Seok Jee
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Muscle Groups

Background and Objectives: This study investigated the various impulse effects of whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) on psychophysiological responses and adaptations. Materials and Methods: The participants included fifty-four men between 20 and 27 years of age who practiced isometric exercises for 20 min, three days a week, for 12 weeks while wearing WB-EMS suits, which enabled the simultaneous activation of eight muscle groups with three types of impulse intensities. Participants were allocated to one of four groups: control group (CON), low-impulse-intensity group (LIG), mid-impulse-intensity group (MIG), and high-impulse-intensity group (HIG). Psychophysiological conditions were measured at week 0, week 4, week 8, and week 12. Results: Compared with the CON, (1) three psychological conditions in LIG, MIG, and HIG showed positive tendencies every four weeks, and the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test revealed that body image (p = 0.004), body shape (p = 0.007), and self-esteem (p = 0.001) were significantly different among the groups. (2) Body weight, fat mass, body mass index, and percent fat in the CON showed decreasing tendencies, whereas those in LIG, MIG, and HIG showed a noticeable decrease, which revealed that there were significant differences among the groups. Specifically, a higher impulse intensity resulted in a greater increase in muscle mass. (3) Although there was no interaction effect in the abdominal visceral fat area, there were significant interactions in the abdominal subcutaneous fat (ASF) and total fat (ATF) areas. Both the ASF and ATF in the CON showed decreasing tendencies, whereas those in other groups showed a noticeable decrease. The ANCOVA revealed that the ASF (p = 0.002) and ATF (p = 0.001) were significantly different among the groups. In particular, the higher the impulse intensity, the greater the decrease in abdominal fat. Conclusions: This study confirmed that high-impulse-intensity EMS can improve psychophysiological conditions. In other words, healthy young adults felt that the extent to which their body image, body shape, and self-esteem improved depended on how intense their EMS impulse intensities were. The results also showed that higher levels of impulse intensity led to improved physical conditions.

A Case Study Exploring the Experiences of a Transgender Athlete in Synchronized Skating, a Subdiscipline of Figure Skating

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-449
Author(s):  
Shannon S. C. Herrick ◽  
Meredith A. Rocchi ◽  
A. Lauren Couture
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Safe Space ◽  
Figure Skating ◽  
Inclusive Practices ◽  
Amateur Sport ◽  
Figure Skater ◽  
Synchronized Skating

The inclusion of transgender athletes in sport challenges a number of long-standing cis-heteronormative beliefs within athletics at all levels of competition. There are limited studies examining the integration and experiences of transgender athletes within amateur sport. The following case study follows the experiences of a transgender synchronized figure skater, Mason, who was able to continue competing throughout his transition process. We conducted eight semi-structured one-on-one interviews with Mason, his teammates, his team manager, and his past and present coaches. All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and subject to thematic analysis which resulted in four overarching themes: (a) building inclusivity: “promote a safe space,” (b) acknowledging stress, (c) disclosure: “I didn’t want to talk about my past,” and (d) celebration. Results are interpreted as recommendations for coaches on how to adopt inclusive practices to better support transgender athletes.

scholarly journals Effects Of Combinations Of Patternmaking Methods And Dress Forms On Garment Appearance

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinami Fujii ◽  
Masayuki Takatera ◽  
KyoungOk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Front Side ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Sensory Evaluations ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractWe investigated the effects of the combinations of patternmaking methods and dress forms on the appearance of a garment. Six upper garments were made using three patternmaking methods used in France, Italy, and Japan, and two dress forms made in Japan and France. The patterns and the appearances of the garments were compared using geometrical measurements. Sensory evaluations of the differences in garment appearance and fit on each dress form were also carried out. In the patterns, the positions of bust and waist darts were different. The waist dart length, bust dart length, and positions of the bust top were different depending on the patternmaking method, even when the same dress form was used. This was a result of differences in the measurements used and the calculation methods employed for other dimensions. This was because the ideal body shape was different for each patternmaking method. Even for garments produced for the same dress form, the appearances of the shoulder, bust, and waist from the front, side, and back views were different depending on the patternmaking method. As a result of the sensory evaluation, it was also found that the bust and waist shapes of the garments were different depending on the combination of patternmaking method and dress form. Therefore, to obtain a garment with better appearance, it is necessary to understand the effects of the combinations of patternmaking methods and body shapes.

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