Legitimation work in sustainable entrepreneurship: Sustainability ventures’ journey towards the establishment of major partnerships

Sustainable entrepreneurship, that is, venturing with the aim of contributing to a shift of practices towards environmental and social sustainability, is an increasingly prominent phenomenon. This article investigates how sustainability ventures orient between dual – commercial and environmental – logics when conducting the legitimation work necessary to secure their first major partnership with an incumbent firm. Specifically, we study multiple cases of partnerships on food waste reduction. This setting is characterised by limited tension between the two logics, which implies that ventures are not forced into hybridity. We find some indications that ventures are able to draw on both types of logic to legitimate their ventures. However, the dominant pattern is that sustainability ventures tend to orient their legitimation work around a salient founding logic. Our analysis suggests that this pattern can be attributed partly to organisational imprinting, but also to legitimation work in this context being inherently logic-specific to a significant degree. This seems to be particularly true for ventures with a salient environmental logic.

Comparative Mitogenomics of Fungal Species in Stachybotryaceae Provides Evolutionary Insights into Hypocreales

Stachybotrys chartarum is one of the world’s ten most feared fungi within the family Stachybotryaceae, although to date, not a single mitogenome has been documented for Stachybotryaceae. Herein, six mitogenomes of four different species in Stachybotryaceae are newly reported. The S. chartarum mitogenome was 30.7 kb in length and contained two introns (one each in rnl and cox1). A comparison of the mitogenomes of three different individuals of S. chartarum showed few nucleotide variations and conservation of gene content/order and intron insertion. A comparison of the mitogenomes of four different Stachybotryaceae species (Memnoniella echinata, Myrothecium inundatum, S. chartarum, and S. chlorohalonata), however, revealed variations in intron insertion, gene order/content, and nad2/nad3 joining pattern. Further investigations on all Hypocreales species with available mitogenomes showed greater variabilities in gene order (six patterns) and nad2/nad3 joining pattern (five patterns) although a dominant pattern always existed in each case. Ancestral state estimation showed that in each case the dominant pattern was always more ancestral than those rare patterns. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrion-encoded genes supported the placement of Stachybotryaceae in Hypocreales. The crown age of Stachybotryaceae was estimated to be approximately the Early Cretaceous (141–142 Mya). This study greatly promotes our understanding of the evolution of fungal species in Hypocreales.

Fear of (COVID-19) and its relationship to Enneagram patterns among a sample of Yemeni community members

The study aimed to determine the COVID-19 fear pattern, the common Enneagram pattern in Yemeni society, and the relationship between COVID-19 fear and Enneagram patterns. The study sample consisted of (360) individuals (youth - adults) who were randomly selected. The researcher used the Ingram scale according to (RISO) theory. The results showed that there is no fear of COVID-19 as a dominant pattern. The peacemaker type is the dominant personality type in Yemeni society, followed by the achieved type. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between peacemaker and courage from COVID-19. The study concluded that The attitude of no (COVID-19) fear was the prevailing personality pattern among members of Yemeni society. The Enneagram pattern (the peacemaker) was the dominant pattern in the personality of Yemeni society members, followed by the achieved pattern. There was a negative, strong and relationship between fear of (COVID-19) and between the two patterns of Enneagram (unique) and (peacemaker) in the personality of the Yemeni community members. The attitude of no (COVID-19) fear was related negatively with the unhealthy aspect of the (singular) and (peacemaker) patterns of Enneagram (singular) and (peacemaker) in the personality of Yemeni community members.

Anatomical Configurations of Dominant Anastomotic Veins of the Superficial Cortical Venous System

Understanding the anatomy of the anastomotic veins (AV) of the superficial cortical venous system (SCVS), viz. superficial Sylvian vein (SSV) - also known as the superficial middle cerebral vein; vein of Labbe (VL) and vein of Trolard (VT), are imperative for neurosurgical procedures. This study aimed to investigate variant anatomical patterns of dominance of the AV, to elucidate the haemodynamically balanced SCVS, by reporting variations between the presence, diameter and dominant patterns of the AV. Two hundred lateral angiograms were included, depicting left and right cerebral hemispheres of the same patient (n = 100 patients). Angiograms were analysed and variations recorded. Results were statistically compared against laterality, age, sex and ethnicity. Presence of the VL had the highest occurrence (96.5%), whereas the SSV and VT had an occurrence of 75.5% and 64.5%, respectively. This study reports presence of double veins of the AV: SSV (12.0%), VL (22.0%) and VT (19.5%). Furthermore, presence of a triple vein for each AV is reported. Diameters for the SSV, VL and VT were 1.99 ± 0.500mm, 2.18 ± 0.579mm and 2.14 ± 0.472mm, respectively. Statistically significant relationships were established between diameters and the SSV, VL, VT and VT2 (double VT). Seven types of dominant patterns were recorded: Equilibrium; singular dominance of SSV, VL and VT; co-dominance of SSV/VL, SSV/VT and VL/VT. The Equilibrium dominant pattern of drainage had the highest occurrence (54.5%). Patterns of dominance of these AV can aid the neurosurgeon in curbing the risk of iatrogenic injury and postoperative infarcts even after an otherwise successful surgery.

Thematic Progression in Students’ Descriptive Text

A way for developing good writing skills is by using thematic progression. It can help students improve their writing abilities. Theme and rheme are used to analyze the thematic progression. This study aimed to find out the types of thematic progression of students' descriptive texts and the most dominant pattern of thematic progression in students’ descriptive texts. The researcher used the descriptive qualitative method in the research design. There were 50 texts written by students at SMP Swasta Sultan Agung Pematangsiantar. The data was analyzed using (Eggins, 2005) theory as the theoretical framework that found three types of thematic progression. The findings revealed that the students' descriptive texts follow three thematic progression patterns: reiteration or constant pattern, zig-zag or linear pattern, and multiple patterns or split rheme pattern. The constant pattern was the most dominant used by students in 271 occurences (91.80%), followed by zig-zag or linear pattern occurred 13 times (4.4%) and multiple patterns or split rheme pattern occurred 11 times (3.8%)l. The findings show students, in writing descriptive text, tend to use simple thematic progression due to their level of knowledge in grammar and thematic progression is relatively low.

Association of Time-of-Day Energy Intake Patterns with Nutrient Intakes, Diet Quality, and Insulin Resistance

Evidence shows time-of-day of energy intake are associated with health outcomes; however, studies of time-of-day energy patterns and their health implication are still lacking in the Asian population. This study aims to examine the time-of-day energy intake pattern of Chinese adults and to examine its associations with nutrient intakes, diet quality, and insulin resistance. Dietary data from three 24-h recalls collected during the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were analyzed (n = 8726, aged ≥ 18 years). Time-of-day energy intake patterns were determined by latent class analysis (LCA). General Linear Models and Multilevel Mixed-effects Logistic Regression Models were applied to investigate the associations between latent time-of-day energy intake patterns, energy-adjusted nutrient intakes, diet quality score, and insulin resistance. Three time-of-day energy intake patterns were identified. Participants in the “Evening dominant pattern” were younger, had higher proportions of alcohol drinkers and current smokers. The “Evening dominant pattern” was associated with higher daily energy intake and a higher percentage of energy from fat (%) (p < 0.001), as well as higher insulin resistance risk (OR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.40), after adjusting for multivariate covariates. The highest diet quality score was observed in participants with “Noon dominant pattern” (p < 0.001). A higher proportion of energy in the later of the day was associated with insulin resistance in free-living individuals.

Input Issues in the Development of L2 French Morphosyntax

The aim of this article is to discuss the role of input characteristics in the development of French verb morphology. From a usage-based perspective, several cognitive and linguistic factors contribute to the ease or difficulty of processing input in L2 acquisition. This article concentrates on frequency, salience, and form–function association, factors that might influence what aspects of input are available to the learners’ attention. A presentation of French verb morphology from this perspective shows how these factors can contribute to the use of the regular -er verb paradigm as a default. A review of empirical studies confirms the influence of input characteristics. The results suggest that the dominant pattern of regular verbs and the scarcity of salient clues from irregular verbs contribute to the specificity of L2 French development. The conclusion addresses the question of enriching L2 classroom input with irregular verbs. Such an input could facilitate the perception of form–function association, and thus, contribute to a more efficient development of French verb morphology. The article concludes by suggesting other ways of studying the influence of input as well as avenues for future research.

Decadal Variability in the Impact of Atmospheric Circulation Patterns on the Winter Climate of Northern Russia

The Arctic continues to warm at a much faster rate than the global average. One process contributing to “Arctic amplification” involves changes in low-frequency macroscale atmospheric circulation patterns and their consequent influence on regional climate. Here, using ERA5 data, we examine decadal changes in the impact of seven such patterns on winter near-surface temperature (SAT) and precipitation (PPN) in northern Russia and calculate the temporal consistency of any statistically significant relationships. We demonstrate that the 40-yr climatology hides considerable decadal variability in the spatial extent of such circulation pattern–climate relationships across the region, with few areas where their temporal consistency exceeds 60%. This is primarily a response to the pronounced decadal expansion/contraction and/or mobility of the circulation patterns’ centers of action. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is the dominant pattern (having the highest temporal consistency) affecting SAT west of the Urals. Farther east, the Scandinavian (SCA), Polar/Eurasian (POL), and West Pacific patterns are successively the dominant pattern influencing SAT across the West Siberian Plains, Central Siberian Plateau, and mountains of Far East Siberia, respectively. From west to east, the SCA, POL, and Pacific–North American patterns exert the most consistent decadal influence on PPN. The only temporally invariant significant decadal relationships occur between the NAO and SAT and the SCA and PPN in small areas of the North European Plain.

English Writing Instruction in Chinese Students’ Experience: A Survey Study

While there is no lack of studies on the major approaches to L2 writing instruction (i.e., the product-, process-, and genre-oriented approaches), it remains unclear whether and how these theory-based approaches have been translated into students’ experiences of L2 writing pedagogy. This study examined students’ experiences of L2 writing instructional approaches in the Chinese EFL context. A sample of 1,190 students from 39 Chinese universities participated in the study and they were surveyed about the English writing instruction they received in universities. Results show that the process-oriented approach was most experienced by the students, followed by the genre- and product-oriented approaches. Results of latent profile analyses revealed four distinct profiles of writing pedagogy in students’ experiences: the indistinctive pattern, the product-dominant pattern, the process/genre-dominant pattern, and the synthetic pattern. These patterns indicate that writing instructions in the Chinese university-based English programs have yet to meet the demand for students’ L2 writing development. This study contributes to our knowledge of how L2 writing instructional approaches have been experienced by students of various demographic backgrounds and to how writing curricula and pedagogies can be further improved.