scholarly journals Assessment of Physical Demands and Fluid Balance in Elite Female Handball Players During a 6-Day Competitive Tournament

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Cunniffe ◽  
Carissa Fallan ◽  
Adora Yau ◽  
Gethin H. Evans ◽  
Marco Cardinale
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Balance ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Sweat Loss ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Athletes Heart ◽  
Sweat Sodium Concentration

Little data exists on drinking behavior, sweat loss, and exercise intensity across a competitive handball tournament in elite female athletes. Heart rate (HR), fluid balance and sweat electrolyte content were assessed on 17 international players across a 6-day tournament involving 5 games and 2 training sessions played indoors (23 ± 2 °C, 30 ± 2% relative humidity). Active play (effective) mean HR was 155 ± 14 bpm (80 ± 7.5% HRmax) with the majority of time (64%) spent exercising at intensities >80% HRmax. Mean (SD) sweat rates during games were 1.02 ± 0.07 L · h-1 and on 56% of occasions fluid intake matched or exceeded sweat loss. A significant relationship was observed between estimated sweat loss and fluid intake during exercise (r2 = .121, p = .001). Mean sweat sodium concentration was 38 ± 10 mmol · L-1, with significant associations observed between player sweat rates and time spent exercising at intensities >90% HRmax (r2 = .181, p = .001). Fluid and electrolyte loss appear to be work rate dependent in elite female handball players, whom appear well capable of replacing fluids lost within a tournament environment. Due to large between-athlete variations, a targeted approach may be warranted for certain players only.

Voluntary Dehydration in Runners Despite Favorable Conditions for Fluid Intake

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Passe ◽  
Mary Horn ◽  
John Stofan ◽  
Craig Horswill ◽  
Robert Murray
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Sweat Loss ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Fluid Ingestion ◽  
Adequate Hydration ◽  
Voluntary Dehydration ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the relationship between runners’ perceptions of fluid needs and drinking behavior under conditions of compensable heat stress (ambient temperature = 20.5 ± 0.7 °C, 68.9 °F; relative humidity = 76.6%). Eighteen experienced runners (15 men, 40.5 ± 2.5 y, and 3 women, 42 ± 2.3 y) were given ad libitum access to a sports drink (6% carbohydrate-electrolyte solution) at Miles 2, 4, 6, and 8. After the run (75.5 ± 8.0 min), subjects completed questionnaires that required them to estimate their individual fluid intake and sweat loss. Dehydration averaged 1.9% ± 0.8% of initial body weight (a mean sweat loss of 21.6 ± 5.1 mL·kg−1·h−1). Subjects replaced only 30.5% ± 18.1% of sweat loss and underestimated their sweat loss by 42.5% ± 36.6% (P ≤ 0.001). Subjects’ self-estimations of fluid intake (5.2 ± 3.2 mL·kg−1·h−1) were not significantly different from actual fluid intake (6.1 ± 3.4 mL·kg−1·h−1) and were significantly correlated (r = 0.63, P = 0.005). The data indicate that even under favorable conditions, experienced runners voluntarily dehydrate (P ≤ 0.001), possibly because they are unable to accurately estimate sweat loss and consequently cannot subjectively judge how much fluid to ingest to prevent dehydration. This conclusion suggests that runners should not depend on self-assessment to maintain adequate hydration, underscores the need for runners to enhance their ability to self-assess sweat losses, and suggests that a predetermined regimen of fluid ingestion might be necessary if they wish to maintain more optimal hydration.

scholarly journals Hydration Status, Fluid Intake, Sweat Rate, and Sweat Sodium Concentration in Recreational Tropical Native Runners

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1374
Author(s):  
Juthamard Surapongchai ◽  
Vitoon Saengsirisuwan ◽  
Ian Rollo ◽  
Rebecca K. Randell ◽  
Kanpiraya Nithitsuttibuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Fluid Replacement ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sweat Sodium Concentration ◽  
Sweat Sodium

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate hydration status, fluid intake, sweat rate, and sweat sodium concentration in recreational tropical native runners. Methods: A total of 102 males and 64 females participated in this study. Participants ran at their self-selected pace for 30–100 min. Age, environmental conditions, running profiles, sweat rates, and sweat sodium data were recorded. Differences in age, running duration, distance and pace, and physiological changes between sexes were analysed. A p-value cut-off of 0.05 depicted statistical significance. Results: Males had lower relative fluid intake (6 ± 6 vs. 8 ± 7 mL·kg−1·h−1, p < 0.05) and greater relative fluid balance deficit (−13 ± 8 mL·kg−1·h−1 vs. −8 ± 7 mL·kg−1·h−1, p < 0.05) than females. Males had higher whole-body sweat rates (1.3 ± 0.5 L·h−1 vs. 0.9 ± 0.3 L·h−1, p < 0.05) than females. Mean rates of sweat sodium loss (54 ± 27 vs. 39 ± 22 mmol·h−1) were higher in males than females (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The sweat profile and composition in tropical native runners are similar to reported values in the literature. The current fluid replacement guidelines pertaining to volume and electrolyte replacement are applicable to tropical native runners.

Effect of Flavor and Awareness of Kilojoule Content of Drinks on Preference and Fluid Balance in Team Sports

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle R. Minehan ◽  
Malcolm D. Riley ◽  
Louise M. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Balance ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Sports Drink ◽  
Field Situation

A palatable flavor is known to enhance fluid intake during exercise; however, a fear of excessive kilojoule intake may deter female athletes from consuming a sports drink during training sessions. In order to examine this issue, we monitored fluid balance during 9 separate training sessions undertaken by junior elite female netball players (n = 9), female basketball players (n = 7), and male basketball players (n = 8). The beverages tested were water, a regular carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage (6.8% CHO, 18.7 mmol/L Na, 3.0 mmol/L K, 1130 kJ/L), and an identical tasting, low kilojoule electrolyte beverage (1% CHO, 18.7 mmol/L Na, 3.0 mmol/L K, 170 kJ/L). Each subject received each of the 3 drinks at 3 separate training sessions, in a randomized, balanced order. Subjects were aware of the beverage provided. Change in body mass over the training session was used to estimate body fluid change, while voluntary fluid intake was determined from the change in weight of drink bottles used in each session. The overall fluid balance on drinks classified as regular, low kilojoule, and water was -11.3 ml/h (95%CI -99.6 to 77.0), -29.5 ml/h (95%CI -101.4 to 42.5) and -156.4 ml/h (95%CI -215.1 to -97.6), respectively. The results indicate that, overall, better fluid balance was achieved using either of the flavored drinks compared to water. These data confirm that flavored drinks enhance fluid balance in a field situation, and suggest that the energy content of the drink is relatively unimportant in determining voluntary fluid intake.

Hydration status and fluid and sodium balance in elite Canadian junior women’s soccer players in a cool environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 931-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Gibson ◽  
Lynneth A. Stuart-Hill ◽  
Wendy Pethick ◽  
Catherine A. Gaul
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Sweat Loss ◽  
Cool Environment ◽  
Sweat Sodium Concentration ◽  
Sweat Sodium

Dehydration can impair mental and on-field performance in soccer athletes; however, there is little data available from the female adolescent player. There is a lack of research investigating fluid and electrolyte losses in cool temperatures. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the pretraining hydration status, fluid balance, and sweat sodium loss in 34 female Canadian junior elite soccer athletes (mean age ± SD, 15.7 ± 0.7 years) in a cool environment. Data were collected during two 90 min on-field training sessions (9.8 ± 3.3 °C, 63% ± 12% relative humidity). Prepractice urine specific gravity (USG), sweat loss (pre- and post-training body mass), and sweat sodium concentration (regional sweat patch method) were measured at each session. Paired t tests were used to identify significant differences between training sessions and Pearson’s product moment correlation analysis was used to assess any relationships between selected variables (p ≤ 0.05). We found that 45% of players presented to practice in a hypohydrated state (USG > 1.020). Mean percent body mass loss was 0.84% ± 0.07% and sweat loss was 0.69 ± 0.54 L. Although available during each training session, fluid intake was low (63.6% of players consumed <250 mL). Mean sweat sodium concentration was 48 ± 12 mmol·L–1. Despite low sweat and moderate sodium losses, players did not drink enough to avoid mild fluid and sodium deficits during training. The findings from this study highlights the individual variations that occur in hydration management in athletes and thus the need for personalized hydration guidelines.

Successful rescue of severe hypernatraemia (196 mmol/L) by treatment with hypotonic fluid

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinny Jeffery ◽  
Ruth M Ayling ◽  
Richard J S McGonigle
Keyword(s):  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Chronic Renal Impairment ◽  
Hypotonic Fluid

Hypernatraemia over 160 mmol/L is considered to be severe. This case reports a patient who developed extreme hypernatraemia with a serum sodium concentration of 196 mmol/L. The patient was known to have chronic renal impairment and was admitted with acute deterioration of renal function secondary to dehydration. This was considered to be secondary to poor oral fluid intake (related to depression) and lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus with salt-losing nephropathy. The patient had a high urinary sodium excretion but was also in a pure water losing state as evidenced by an inappropriately low urine osmolality for the plasma osmolality and was successfully treated with hypotonic intravenous fluid and desmopressin.

Serum Sodium Concentration Changes Are Related to Fluid Balance and Sweat Sodium Loss

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1669-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATTHEW D. PAHNKE ◽  
JOEL D. TRINITY ◽  
JEFFREY J. ZACHWIEJA ◽  
JOHN R. STOFAN ◽  
W. DOUGLAS HILLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Balance ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Serum Sodium Concentration ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Sodium Loss ◽  
Sweat Sodium

scholarly journals Identifikasi status gizi, somatotipe, asupan makan dan cairan pada atlet atletik remaja di Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Mirza Hapsari Sakti Titis Penggalih ◽  
Mustika Cahya Nirmala Dewinta ◽  
Kurnia Mar'atus Solichah ◽  
Diana Pratiwi ◽  
Ibtidau Niamilah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat ◽  
Food And Fluid Intake

Athletes’ nutrition status, somatotype, and adequate dietary intake are strongly related to their sport performance. Examining those markers in adolescent age is essential in order to develop the optimum physical characteristics for the future. This study was conducted to identify the nutrition status based on anthropometry value, somatotype, food and fluid intake of youth athletic athletes in Indonesia. Descriptive quantitative design was used in this study. Subjects participated in the study were 25 youth athletic athletes from Students Education and Training Program (Program Pembinaan dan Pelatihan Pelajar) in Yogyakarta and Aceh, and School of Sports (Sekolah Keolahragaan) Ragunan, Jakarta Selatan. Anthropometry measurement consists of body weight, height, body fat percentage, and somatotype. Nutrition status was identified according to BMI/age and height/age. Food and fluid intake were assessed using 24-hour dietary recall interview and semi quantitative fluid frequency questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and the result was presented in mean and deviation standard. BMI/age values in male and female athletes were -2 SD ≤ Z ≥ +1 SD (normal) and +1 SD ≤ Z ≥ +2 SD (overweight), respectively. Height/age value for both gender was normal in -2 SD ≤ Z ≥ +2 SD. Percentage of body fat ranged in 12-16% for males and 18-28% for females. Somatotype category for males was ectomorphic mesomorph (2.3-5.0-3.3) and endomorphic mesomorph (4.4-5.6-2.0) for females. Fulfillment of energy and carbohydrate was found inadequate (< 80%), whereas fat intake was found excess (> 110%). Total fluid intake was ranged from 2700 ml to 5800 ml per day. Overweight nutrition status was still found in female athletes. Ideal somatotype was found only in male athletes. Excessive percentage of body fat was detected in both gender. Total energy, macro nutrients, micro nutrients, and fluid intake were inadequate compared to dietary recommendation.

Fluid and Sodium Balance of Elite Wheelchair Rugby Players

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Elizabeth Black ◽  
Jody Huxford ◽  
Tracy Perry ◽  
Rachel Clare Brown
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Afternoon Session ◽  
Wheelchair Rugby ◽  
Rugby Players

Blood sodium concentration of tetraplegics during exercise has not been investigated. This study aimed to measure blood sodium changes in relation to fluid intakes and thermal comfort in tetraplegics during wheelchair rugby training. Twelve international male wheelchair rugby players volunteered, and measures were taken during 2 training sessions. Body mass, blood sodium concentration, and subjective thermal comfort using a 10-point scale were recorded before and after both training sessions. Fluid intake and the distance covered were measured during both sessions. The mean (SD) percentage changes in body mass during the morning and afternoon training sessions were +0.4%1 (0.65%) and +0.69% (1.24%), respectively. There was a tendency for fluid intake rate to be correlated with the percentage change in blood sodium concentration (p = .072, r2 = .642) during the morning training session; this correlation reached significance during the afternoon session (p = .004, r2 = .717). Fluid intake was significantly correlated to change in thermal comfort in the morning session (p = .018, r2 = .533), with this correlation showing a tendency in the afternoon session (p = .066, r2 = .151). This is the first study to investigate blood sodium concentrations in a group of tetraplegics. Over the day, blood sodium concentrations significantly declined; 2 players recorded blood sodium concentrations of 135 mmol/L, and 5 recorded blood sodium concentrations of 136 mmol/L. Excessive fluid intake as a means of attenuating thermal discomfort seems to be the primary cause of low blood sodium concentrations in tetraplegic athletes. Findings from this study could aid in the design of fluid-intake strategies for tetraplegics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document