Physiological Response, Time–Motion Characteristics, and Reproducibility of Various Speed-Endurance Drills in Elite Youth Soccer Players: Small-Sided Games Versus Generic Running

Purpose:To quantify the physiological responses, time–motion characteristics, and reproducibility of various speed-endurance-production (SEP) and speed-endurance-maintenance (SEM) drills.Methods:Sixteen elite male youth soccer players completed 4 drills: SEP 1 v 1 small-sided game (SSG), SEP running drill, SEM 2 v 2 SSG, and SEM running drill. Heart-rate response, blood lactate concentration, subjective rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and time–motion characteristics were recorded for each drill.Results:The SEP and SEM running drills elicited greater (P < .05) heart-rate responses, blood lactate concentrations, and RPE than the respective SSGs (ES 1.1–1.4 and 1.0–3.2). Players covered less (P < .01) total distance and high-intensity distance in the SEP and SEM SSGs than in the respective running drills (ES 6.0–22.1 and 3.0–18.4). Greater distances (P < .01) were covered in high to maximum acceleration/deceleration bands during the SEP and SEM SSGs than the respective running drills (ES 2.6–4.6 and 2.3–4.8). The SEP SSG and generic running protocols produced greater (P < .05) blood lactate concentrations than the respective SEM protocols (ES 1.2–1.7). Small to moderate test–retest variability was observed for heart-rate response (CV 0.9–1.9%), RPE (CV 2.9–5.7%), and blood lactate concentration (CV 9.9–14.4%); moderate to large test–retest variability was observed for high-intensity-running parameters (CV > 11.3%) and the majority of accelerations/deceleration distances (CV > 9.8%) for each drill.Conclusions:The data demonstrate the potential to tax the anaerobic energy system to different extents using speed-endurance SSGs and that SSGs elicit greater acceleration/deceleration load than generic running drills.

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The Demands of Amputee Soccer Impair Muscular Endurance and Power Indices But Not Match Physical Performance

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.2016-0147 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 76-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mário A.M. Simim ◽

Gustavo R. da Mota ◽

Moacir Marocolo ◽

Bruno V.C. da Silva ◽

Marco Túlio de Mello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Subjective Rating ◽

Power Indices ◽

Muscular Endurance ◽

Time Motion

We investigated the match demands (distances covered and acute physiological responses) of amputee soccer and its impact on muscular endurance and power. Measures such as heart rate, blood lactate concentration, subjective rating of perceived exertion, and time-motion characteristics were recorded in 16 Brazilian amputee soccer players during matches. Before and after matches, players completed a battery of tests: push-ups, countermovement vertical jump performance, and medicine ball throwing. Small differences were found between the first and second half for the distance covered in total and across various speed categories. Heart rate responses, blood lactate concentrations, and peak speed did not differ between halves, and all neuromuscular performance measures decreased after the match particularly after push-ups, although the rating of perceived exertion increased markedly compared with prematches. Although match physical performances were consistent across halves, the overall demands impaired test performance, especially for upper limb and closed kinetic chain exercise.

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Effects of work-interval duration and sport specificity on blood lactate concentration, heart rate and perceptual responses during high intensity interval training

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0200690 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. e0200690 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Diego Warr-di Piero ◽

Teresa Valverde-Esteve ◽

Juan Carlos Redondo-Castán ◽

Carlos Pablos-Abella ◽

José Vicente Sánchez-Alarcos Díaz-Pintado

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

High Intensity ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Interval Training ◽

Interval Duration ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval

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Differences in Physiological and Perceptual Responses to High Intensity Interval Exercise Between Arm and Leg Cycling

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.700294 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Todd A. Astorino ◽

Danielle Emma

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

High Intensity ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Cycle Ergometer ◽

Affective Valence ◽

Interval Exercise ◽

Leg Cycling ◽

High Intensity Interval

This study compared changes in oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR), blood lactate concentration (BLa), affective valence, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) between sessions of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) performed on the arm (ACE) and leg cycle ergometer (LCE). Twenty three active and non-obese men and women (age and BMI=24.7±5.8year and 24.8±3.4kg/m2) initially underwent graded exercise testing to determine VO2max and peak power output (PPO) on both ergometers. Subsequently on two separate days, they performed 10 1min intervals of ACE or LCE at 75 %PPO separated by 1min of active recovery at 10 %PPO. Gas exchange data, HR, and perceptual responses were obtained continuously and blood samples were acquired pre- and post-exercise to assess the change in BLa. VO2max and PPO on the LCE were significantly higher (p<0.001) than ACE (37.2±6.3 vs. 26.3±6.6ml/kg/min and 259.0±48.0 vs. 120.0±48.1W). Mean VO2 (1.7±0.3 vs. 1.1±0.3L/min, d=2.3) and HR (149±14 vs. 131±17 b/min, d=2.1) were higher (p<0.001) in response to LCE vs. ACE as was BLa (7.6±2.6 vs. 5.3±2.5mM, d=2.3), yet there was no difference (p=0.12) in peak VO2 or HR. Leg cycling elicited higher relative HR compared to ACE (81±5 vs. 75±7 %HRmax, p=0.01), although, there was no difference in relative VO2 (63±6 vs. 60±8 %VO2max, p=0.09) between modes. Affective valence was lower during LCE vs. ACE (p=0.003), although no differences in enjoyment (p=0.68) or RPE (p=0.59) were demonstrated. Overall, HIIE performed on the cycle ergometer elicits higher relative heart rate and blood lactate concentration and a more aversive affective valence, making these modes not interchangeable in terms of the acute physiological and perceptual response to interval based exercise.

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Heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and time–motion analysis of female basketball players during competition

Journal of Sports Sciences ◽

10.1080/02640410902926420 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (8) ◽

pp. 813-821 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Dionne Matthew ◽

Anne Delextrat

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Motion Analysis ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Time Motion

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The Goal Scale: A New Instrument to Measure the Perceived Exertion in Soccer (Indoor, Field, and Beach) Players

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2020.623480 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Luis Felipe Tubagi Polito ◽

Marcelo Luis Marquezi ◽

Douglas Popp Marin ◽

Marcelo Villas Boas Junior ◽

Maria Regina Ferreira Brandão

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Exercise Intensity ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Borg Scale ◽

Scale Validity ◽

Wide Range

The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) can be used to monitor the exercise intensity during laboratory and specific tests, training sessions, and to estimate the internal training load of the athletes. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a specific pictorial perceived exertion scale for soccer players (indoor, field, and beach soccer) called GOAL Scale. The pictorial GOAL Scale (six drawings; 1 “low exertion” to 6 “exhaustion”) was validated for twenty under-17 soccer players (16.4 ± 0.68 years; 175.4 ± 9 cm; 66.4 ± 7.7 kg; % fat mass 12.4 ± 3.3). In the validation phase, the athletes were evaluated in a progressive protocol involving stimuluses of 3 min with 1 min for the rest into the stages until the voluntary exhaustion in Maximal Cardiopulmonary Effort Test (MCET), and in the Yo Yo Intermittent Recovery Test – Level 1 (Yo-Yo). The RPE identified by the GOL Scale, by the Borg Scale 6 – 20 and by the Cavasini Scale, as well as the heart rate (HR), perceptual of the heart rate (%HRmax) and the blood lactate concentration ([La]) were immediately evaluated after each stage of both tests. Spearman’s correlation coefficient (p < 0.05) was used. Construct scale validity was examined by regressing GOAL Scale against Borg Scale 6 – 20 and Cavasini Scale and concurrent scale validity was investigated by regressing GOAL Scale against HR, beats/min and blood lactate concentration (mmol/L) during two progressive tests. There was a significant correlation values of the GOAL Scale with Borg Scale (r = 0.93; r = 0.88), Cavasini Scale (r = 0.91; r = 0.90), %HRmax (r = 0.91; r = 0,86), HR (r = 0.87; r = 0.83) and lactate (r = 0.68; r = 0.83) during tests (Maximal Incremental Cardiopulmonary Test and Yo-Yo test, respectively). The results evidenced concurrent and construct validity of the GOAL Scale across a wide range of exercise intensity. The absence of verbal anchors makes the use of this instrument to soccer, futsal and beach soccer athletes of different languages and different literacy levels possible.

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Effects of a 2-km Swim on Markers of Cycling Performance in Elite Age-Group Triathletes

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports7040082 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Jeffrey Rothschild ◽

George H. Crocker

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Peak Power ◽

Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Cycling Performance ◽

Age Group

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 2-km swim on markers of subsequent cycling performance in well-trained, age-group triathletes. Fifteen participants (10 males, five females, 38.3 ± 8.4 years) performed two progressive cycling tests between two and ten days apart, one of which was immediately following a 2-km swim (33.7 ± 4.1 min). Cycling power at 4-mM blood lactate concentration decreased after swimming by an average of 3.8% (p = 0.03, 95% CI −7.7, 0.2%), while heart rate during submaximal cycling (220 W for males, 150 W for females) increased by an average of 4.0% (p = 0.02, 95% CI 1.7, 9.7%), compared to cycling without prior swimming. Maximal oxygen consumption decreased by an average of 4.0% (p = 0.01, 95% CI −6.5, −1.4%), and peak power decreased by an average of 4.5% (p < 0.01, 95% CI −7.3, −2.3%) after swimming, compared to cycling without prior swimming. Results from this study suggest that markers of submaximal and maximal cycling are impaired following a 2-km swim.

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