Effects of work-interval duration and sport specificity on blood lactate concentration, heart rate and perceptual responses during high intensity interval training

Background: There is individual responsiveness to exercise training as not all individuals experience increases in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), which does not benefit health status considering the association between VO2max and mortality. Approximately 50% of the training response is genetic, with the other 50% accounted for by variations in dietary intake, sleep, recovery, and the metabolic stress of training. This study examined if the blood lactate (BLa) response to high intensity interval training (HIIT) as well as habitual dietary intake and sleep duration are associated with the resultant change in VO2max (ΔVO2max). Methods: Fourteen individuals (age and VO2max = 27 ± 8 years and 38 ± 4 mL/kg/min, respectively) performed nine sessions of HIIT at 130% ventilatory threshold. BLa was measured during the first and last session of training. In addition, sleep duration and energy intake were assessed. Results: Data showed that VO2max increased with HIIT (p = 0.007). No associations occurred between ΔVO2max and BLa (r = 0.44, p = 0.10), energy intake (r = 0.38, p = 0.18), or sleep duration (r = 0.14, p = 0.62). However, there was a significant association between training heart rate (HR) and ΔVO2max (r = 0.62, p = 0.02). Conclusions: When HIIT is prescribed according to a metabolic threshold, energy intake, sleep status, and BLa do not predict ΔVO2max, yet the HR response to training is associated with the ΔVO2max.

Download Full-text

Differences in Physiological and Perceptual Responses to High Intensity Interval Exercise Between Arm and Leg Cycling

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.700294 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Todd A. Astorino ◽

Danielle Emma

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

High Intensity ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Cycle Ergometer ◽

Affective Valence ◽

Interval Exercise ◽

Leg Cycling ◽

High Intensity Interval

This study compared changes in oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR), blood lactate concentration (BLa), affective valence, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) between sessions of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) performed on the arm (ACE) and leg cycle ergometer (LCE). Twenty three active and non-obese men and women (age and BMI=24.7±5.8year and 24.8±3.4kg/m2) initially underwent graded exercise testing to determine VO2max and peak power output (PPO) on both ergometers. Subsequently on two separate days, they performed 10 1min intervals of ACE or LCE at 75 %PPO separated by 1min of active recovery at 10 %PPO. Gas exchange data, HR, and perceptual responses were obtained continuously and blood samples were acquired pre- and post-exercise to assess the change in BLa. VO2max and PPO on the LCE were significantly higher (p<0.001) than ACE (37.2±6.3 vs. 26.3±6.6ml/kg/min and 259.0±48.0 vs. 120.0±48.1W). Mean VO2 (1.7±0.3 vs. 1.1±0.3L/min, d=2.3) and HR (149±14 vs. 131±17 b/min, d=2.1) were higher (p<0.001) in response to LCE vs. ACE as was BLa (7.6±2.6 vs. 5.3±2.5mM, d=2.3), yet there was no difference (p=0.12) in peak VO2 or HR. Leg cycling elicited higher relative HR compared to ACE (81±5 vs. 75±7 %HRmax, p=0.01), although, there was no difference in relative VO2 (63±6 vs. 60±8 %VO2max, p=0.09) between modes. Affective valence was lower during LCE vs. ACE (p=0.003), although no differences in enjoyment (p=0.68) or RPE (p=0.59) were demonstrated. Overall, HIIE performed on the cycle ergometer elicits higher relative heart rate and blood lactate concentration and a more aversive affective valence, making these modes not interchangeable in terms of the acute physiological and perceptual response to interval based exercise.

Download Full-text

Suitability of jumps as a form of high-intensity interval training: effect of rest duration on oxygen uptake, heart rate and blood lactate

European Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1007/s00421-019-04105-w ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 119 (5) ◽

pp. 1149-1156 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Andreas Kramer ◽

Tamara Poppendieker ◽

Markus Gruber

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Training Effect ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval

Download Full-text

The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training vs. Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Heart Rate Variability in Physically Inactive Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15071508 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 1508 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Abdullah Alansare ◽

Ken Alford ◽

Sukho Lee ◽

Tommie Church ◽

Hyun Jung

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Continuous Training ◽

Significant Interaction Effect ◽

High Intensity Interval ◽

Physically Inactive

Physically inactive adults are prevalent worldwide. This study compared the effects of short-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on heart rate variability (HRV) in physically inactive adults as a preliminary study. Thirteen physically inactive male adults (27.5 ± 3.80 years) were randomly assigned to HIIT (N = 7) or MICT (N = 6). The HIIT program consisted of 20 min of interval training with cycling to rest ratio of 10/50 s at ≥90% HRpeak, while the MICT program consisted of 40 min of continuous cycling at 60–75% HRpeak. Both groups completed eight sessions of training within two weeks. Time and frequency domains of HRV were measured for 20 min with Actiwave-Cardio monitor (CamNtech, UK). The number of R-R interval and inter-beat interval (IBI) were significantly improved (p < 0.05) in both HIIT and MICT programs following eight sessions of training. A significant interaction effect for group by time was found in the lnLF/HF ratio (p < 0.05) where it was only improved in the HIIT group from pre- to post-test. The HIIT program is superior to MICT in improving HRV in physically inactive adults. The HIIT program can be applied as a time-efficient program for improving cardiac-autoregulation.

Download Full-text

Comparison of different volumes of high intensity interval training on cardiac autonomic function in sedentary young women

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2017-0073 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pooja Bhati ◽

Vishal Bansal ◽

Jamal Ali Moiz

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Body Composition ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Young Women ◽

High Intensity ◽

High Frequency ◽

Interval Training ◽

Treadmill Running ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval

Abstract Purpose The present study was conducted to compare the effects of low volume of high intensity interval training (LVHIIT) and high volume of high intensity interval training (HVHIIT) on heart rate variability (HRV) as a primary outcome measure, and on maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), body composition, and lower limb muscle strength as secondary outcome measures, in sedentary young women. Methods Thirty-six participants were recruited in this study. The LVHIIT group (n = 17) performed one 4-min bout of treadmill running at 85%–95% maximum heart rate (HRmax), followed by 3 min of recovery by running at 70% HRmax, three times per week for 6 weeks. The HVHIIT group (n = 15) performed four times 4-min bouts of treadmill running at 85%–95% HRmax, interspersed with 3-min of recovery by running at 70% HRmax, 3 times per week for 6 weeks. All criterion measures were measured before and after training in both the groups. Results Due to attrition of four cases, data of 32 participants was used for analysis. A significant increase in high frequency (HF) power (p < 0.001) and decrease in the ratio of low frequency to high frequency power (LF/HF) ratio (p < 0.001) in HRV parameters, was observed post-HVHIIT, whereas, these variables did not change significantly (HF: p = 0.92, LF/HF ratio: p = 0.52) in LVHIIT group. Nevertheless, both the interventions proved equally effective in improving aerobic capacity (VO2max), body composition, and muscle strength. Conclusion The study results suggest that both LVHIIT and HVHIIT are equally effective in improving VO2max, body composition, and muscle strength, in sedentary young women. However, HVHIIT induces parasympathetic dominance as well, as measured by HRV.

Download Full-text

Physiological aspects and energetic contribution in 20s:10s high-intensity interval exercise at different intensities

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.9791 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e9791

Author(s):

Gabriel V. Protzen ◽

Charles Bartel ◽

Victor S. Coswig ◽

Paulo Gentil ◽

Fabricio B. Del Vecchio

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Power Output ◽

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Random Order ◽

Peak Power Output ◽

Maximal Heart Rate ◽

Work Intensity ◽

High Intensity Interval

Background One of the most popular high-intensity interval exercises is the called “Tabata Protocol”. However, most investigations have limitations in describing the work intensity, and this fact appears to be due to the protocol unfeasibility. Furthermore, the physiological demands and energetic contribution during this kind of exercise remain unclear. Methods Eight physically active students (21.8 ± 3.7 years) and eight well-trained cycling athletes (27.8 ± 6.4 years) were enrolled. In the first visit, we collected descriptive data and the peak power output (PPO). On the next three visits, in random order, participants performed interval training with the same time structure (effort:rest 20s:10s) but using different intensities (115%, 130%, and 170% of PPO). We collected the number of sprints, power output, oxygen consumption, blood lactate, and heart rate. Results The analysis of variance for multivariate test (number of sprints, power output, blood lactate, peak heart rate and percentage of maximal heart rate) showed significant differences between groups (F = 9.62; p = 0.001) and intensities (F = 384.05; p < 0.001), with no interactions (F = 0.94; p = 0.57). All three energetic contributions and intensities were different between protocols. The higher contribution was aerobic, followed by alactic and lactic. The aerobic contribution was higher at 115%PPO, while the alactic system showed higher contribution at 130%PPO. In conclusion, the aerobic system was predominant in the three exercise protocols, and we observed a higher contribution at lower intensities.

Download Full-text