scholarly journals Characterization of Vertical Accelerations Experienced by Older People Attending an Aerobics Class Designed to Produce High Impacts

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Hannam ◽  
Kevin Deere ◽  
Sue Worrall ◽  
April Hartley ◽  
Jon H. Tobias
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Intensity Maximum ◽  
Beta Coefficient ◽  
Vertical Accelerations ◽  
Exercise Classes

The purpose of this study was to establish the feasibility of using an aerobics class to produce potentially bone protective vertical impacts of ≥ 4g in older adults and to determine whether impacts can be predicted by physical function. Participants recruited from older adult exercise classes completed an SF-12 questionnaire, short physical performance battery, and an aerobics class with seven different components, performed at low and high intensity. Maximum g and jerk values were identified for each activity. Forty-one participants (mean 69 years) were included. Mean maximal values approached or exceeded the 4g threshold for four of the seven exercises. In multivariate analyses, age (−0.53; −0.77, −0.28) (standardized beta coefficient; 95% CI) and 4-m walk time (−0.39; −0.63, −0.16) were inversely related to maximum g. Aerobics classes can be used to produce relatively high vertical accelerations in older individuals, although the outcome is strongly dependent on age and physical function.

Developing a model of resilience in older adulthood: a qualitative meta-synthesis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Claire A. Wilson ◽  
Deanna Walker ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Older Adult Population ◽  
Qualitative Literature

Abstract The study of resilience in an older adult population is expanding rapidly. However, most theoretical models of resilience have been developed with children or young to middle-aged adults. The objective of the present study was to review systematically the qualitative literature examining resilience in older adults, and to develop a comprehensive model of resilience in older adulthood. A qualitative meta-synthesis was conducted to review the qualitative literature examining resilience from older adults’ perspectives. An exhaustive search of the literature revealed 1,752 articles. From these articles, 34 studies meeting inclusion criteria were selected for analysis. Across the 34 studies analysed, eight themes were revealed as important for achieving resilience later in life: perseverance and determination, self-efficacy and independence, purpose and meaning, positive perspective, social support, faith and prayer, previous experience and being proactive. These themes can be organised into a four-factor model: (a) Intrapersonal Protective Factors; (b) Interpersonal Protective Factors; (c) Spiritual Protective Factors; and (d) Experiential Protective Factors. This study presents a new model of resilience in older adulthood that is grounded in qualitative literature and is relevant and appropriate for an older adult population. This research may be useful for clinicians, support workers and researchers working with older individuals through improving our understanding of what contributes to resilience later in life.

scholarly journals The Effects of Exercise on the Physical Fitness of High and Moderate-Low Functioning Older Adult Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Christopher Mason ◽  
Michael Horvat ◽  
Joe Nocera
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Low Functioning

Introduction. Understanding how exercise affects individuals with varying levels of functional ability will provide further insight into the role of exercise during the aging process. It will also aid in the development of exercise programs that are appropriate for a wider spectrum of older adults. Specifically it was the primary aim of this study to determine and compare the effects of 10 weeks of community-based exercise on the cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, flexibility, and balance fitness components of older adult women with high and moderate-low levels of physical function.Methods. Participants were placed in either the high functioning (n=13) or moderate/low functioning (n=17) groups based on their level of physical functioning. Fitness components were measured by the Senior Fitness Test and physical function was determined by the Composite Physical Function scale.Results. The results of the 3 × 2 mixed ANOVA statistical analysis showed no significant interaction effect for time ⁎ group for any of the six subtests (chair stand, arm curls, 2-minute step, chair sit-and-reach, back scratch, and 6-foot up-and-go) of the SFT. However, the main effect of time was significant for all fitness components and the main effect of group was significant for all fitness components except lower extremity flexibility.Discussion. Community-based exercise programs offering a variety of exercise types to people with varying levels of functional ability can be useful in maintaining or improving fitness and independence. These programs may also be capable of improving the self-efficacy of lower functioning older adults toward performing daily tasks.

scholarly journals Characterizing Behavioral Activity Rhythms in Older Adults Using Actigraphy

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Ariel B. Neikrug ◽  
Ivy Y. Chen ◽  
Jake R. Palmer ◽  
Susan M. McCurry ◽  
Michael Von Korff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Behavioral Activity ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Activity Rhythms ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy

Wrist actigraphy has been used to assess sleep in older adult populations for nearly half a century. Over the years, the continuous raw activity data derived from actigraphy has been used for the characterization of factors beyond sleep/wake such as physical activity patterns and circadian rhythms. Behavioral activity rhythms (BAR) are useful to describe individual daily behavioral patterns beyond sleep and wake, which represent important and meaningful clinical outcomes. This paper reviews common rhythmometric approaches and summarizes the available data from the use of these different approaches in older adult populations. We further consider a new approach developed in our laboratory designed to provide graphical characterization of BAR for the observed behavioral phenomenon of activity patterns across time. We illustrate the application of this new approach using actigraphy data collected from a well-characterized sample of older adults (age 60+) with osteoarthritis (OA) pain and insomnia. Generalized additive models (GAM) were implemented to fit smoothed nonlinear curves to log-transformed aggregated actigraphy-derived activity measurements. This approach demonstrated an overall strong model fit (R2 = 0.82, SD = 0.09) and was able to provide meaningful outcome measures allowing for graphical and parameterized characterization of the observed activity patterns within this sample.

scholarly journals High Anemia Prevalence in Korean Older Adults, an Advent Healthcare Problem: 2007-2016 KNHANES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee won Chueh ◽  
Hye Lim Jung ◽  
Ye Jee Shim ◽  
Hyoung Soo Choi ◽  
Jin Yeong Han
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract BACKGROUND: Anemia is associated with high morbidity and mortality in older people. However, the prevalence and characteristics of anemia in older individuals are not fully understood, and national data on these aspects in older Korean adults are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of anemia in older adults using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), which is a nationwide cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted by the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare.METHODS: Data from a total of 62,825 participants of the 2007-2016 KNHANES were compiled and analyzed to investigate differences in participant characteristics and potential risk factors for anemia. Differences in clinical characteristics of participants were compared across subgroups using the chi-square test for categorical variables and independent t-test for continuous variables. Univariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression were performed to identify related clinical factors.RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia was higher in the population aged ≥ 65 years than in the younger population. Anemia was also more prevalent among females than among males, but this difference was not significant in people aged >85 years. Being underweight, receiving a social allowance, living alone, and having comorbidities such as hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer, and chronic renal failure (CRF) were more common among older adults with anemia than among the population without anemia. In univariate and multivariate analyses, older age, female sex, underweight, and presence of comorbidities including rheumatoid arthritis, DM, cancer, and CRF were associated with an increased risk of anemia.CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that age, female sex, underweight, and the presence of comorbidities such as rheumatoid arthritis, DM, cancer, and CRF were associated with an increased risk of anemia in older Korean adults. Further study on causal relationships between anemia and other variables in the older population is necessary.Trial registration: KNHANES has been approved by the KCDC Research Ethics Review Committee, annually since 2007 (2007-02CON-04-P, 2008-05EXP-01-C, 2009-01CON-03-2C, 2010-02CON-21-C, 2011-02CON-06-C, 2012-01EXP-01-2C, 2013-07CON-03-4C, 2013-12EXP-03-5C, 2015-01-02-6C). Ethical approval of this study was obtained through the Institutional Review Board of Dong-A University Hospital (DAUHIRB-EXP-20-035).

scholarly journals High Anemia Prevalence in Korean Older Adults, an Advent Healthcare Problem: 2007-2016 KNHANES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee won Chueh ◽  
Hye Lim Jung ◽  
Ye Jee Shim ◽  
Hyoung Soo Choi ◽  
Jin Yeong Han
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract BACKGROUND: Anemia is associated with high morbidity and mortality in older people. However, the prevalence and characteristics of anemia in older individuals are not fully understood, and national data on these aspects in older Korean adults are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of anemia in older adults using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), which is a nationwide cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted by the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare.METHODS: Data from a total of 62,825 participants of the 2007-2016 KNHANES were compiled and analyzed to investigate differences in participant characteristics and potential risk factors for anemia. Differences in clinical characteristics of participants were compared across subgroups using the chi-square test for categorical variables and independent t-test for continuous variables. Univariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression were performed to identify related clinical factors.RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia was higher in the population aged ≥ 65 years than in the younger population. Anemia was also more prevalent among females than among males, but this difference was not significant in people aged >85 years. Being underweight, receiving a social allowance, living alone, and having comorbidities such as hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer, and chronic renal failure (CRF) were more common among older adults with anemia than among the population without anemia. In univariate and multivariate analyses, older age, female sex, underweight, and presence of comorbidities including rheumatoid arthritis, DM, cancer, and CRF were associated with an increased risk of anemia. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that age, female sex, underweight, and the presence of comorbidities such as rheumatoid arthritis, DM, cancer, and CRF were associated with an increased risk of anemia in older Korean adults. Further study on causal relationships between anemia and other variables in the older population is necessary.

104 Sociodemographic, Cognitive & Physical Function Characteristics among Older Adult Fallers with and without Cognitive Frailty: Preliminary Results

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv18-iv27
Author(s):  
Resshaya Murukesu ◽  
Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh ◽  
Suzana Shahar ◽  
Ponnusamy Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Cognitive Frailty

Abstract Introduction Older adults with frailty and cognitive impairment are more susceptible to falls. The risk factor of falls and faller profiles among older adults in general has been established. However, information regarding potential risk factors and faller patterns among older adults with cognitive frailty is limited. Objective To examine the sociodemographic, cognitive and physical function characteristics of fallers with and without cognitive frailty. Methods A total of 133 community dwelling older adults aged 60 years and above were screened at three older adult activity centres in Kuala Lumpur. Sociodemographic details were obtained via interview. Cognitive Frailty was identified using the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale and Fried Frailty Index. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Digit Span (DS) test and Ray Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). The Senior Fitness test was used to asses physical function. Characteristics of falls were documented using a self-administered questionnaire. Data was descriptively analysed; independent T-test was used for continuous variables and chi-square test was used for categorical variables. Results Prevalence of falls was 21.1% (n=28). Within fallers, 42.9% (n=12) were cognitively frail and 57.1% (n=16) were not. Fallers with cognitive frailty were significantly older (mean age = 72.31±5.29) (p<0.001), had lower MMSE scores (p<0.01), lower 2 Minute Step test scores (p<0.001) and lower Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scores (p<0.05). Descriptively, fallers with cognitive frailty were mostly recurrent fallers (67%), sustained falls outdoors due to ‘slip and fall’ and majority sought medical attention after the fall(s). Conclusion Fallers with cognitive frailty were older and had lower physical and cognitive function as compared to those without. There is a need to further understand the relationship between falls and cognitive frailty in order to provide holistic fall prevention and management strategies. Acknowledgement of grant UKM(DCP-2017-002/2) and Ministry of Higher Education(LRGS/BU/2012/UKM-UKM/K/01).

scholarly journals Turning 75: Why Age Matters for Victims of Assaultive Violence Reported to Police

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
Lynn Addington
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Federal Bureau ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Police Data ◽  
Multiple Category ◽  
Assault Victims

Abstract Americans are able to age in more active and engaged ways than previous generations. These changes bring many positive opportunities, but also might affect the risk of criminal victimization for older adults. In considering these risks, an initial question is how best to identify older adults. One common default is to use age 65 and older, which suggests older individuals are part of a homogenous group. The Census Bureau’s multiple category approach illustrates another option, which captures variations as Americans age. This study explores the risk and characteristics of non-fatal assaultive violence using a multiple-category age definition and uses police data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s 2016 National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). These data were collected from 34 states and cover a range of crimes including aggravated and simple assaults. NIBRS data are well suited for this study as they collect details about the crime including victim and offender demographics and incident details such as victim-offender relationship, weapons, location and arrest. Preliminary results indicate that 34,689 assault victims were adults over the age of 65. Using a generic measure of older adult (age 65 and above) masks important variations in these assaults. Distinct patterns are observed between those aged 65 to 74, 75 to 84 and 85 and above. Within these age categories, differences also occur across racial and sex groups. The patterns observed can provide more nuanced guidance to challenge traditional assumptions about older adult crime victims and inform policies tailored to support these victims.

scholarly journals Are the Attitudes of Exercise Instructors Who Work With Older Adults Influenced by Training and Personal Characteristics?

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Hawley ◽  
Dawn A. Skelton ◽  
Malcolm Campbell ◽  
Chris Todd
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Clinical Background ◽  
Exercise Classes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Little is known about the relationship between attitudes and characteristics of instructors and uptake and adherence of older people to exercise classes. This article explores these issues.Methods:The authors surveyed 731 UK exercise instructors with specialist older adult exercise qualifications. A questionnaire investigated instructors’ characteristics and attitudes toward older adults’ participation in exercise.Results:For mostly seated classes, EXTEND qualification (B = 0.36, p = .005) had a positive effect on instructors’ attitudes. Later Life Training qualification (B = −2.80, p = .003), clinical background (B = −3.99, p = .005), and delivering classes in National Health Services (B = −3.12, p < .001), leisure centers (B = −2.75, p = .002), or nursing homes (B = −2.29, p = .005) had a negative effect on attitudes. For mostly standing classes, experience (B = 0.20, p = .003) and delivering in leisure centers (B = 0.46, p = .032) had a positive and clinical background (B = −1.78, p = .018) had a negative effect on instructors’ attitudes.Conclusions:Most instructors have positive attitudes, but training and work context can influence attitudes toward older people’s participation in exercise classes both positively and negatively.

scholarly journals High Anemia Prevalence in Korean Older Adults, an Advent Healthcare Problem: 2007-2016 KNHANES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee won Chueh ◽  
Hye Lim Jung ◽  
Ye Jee Shim ◽  
Hyoung Soo Choi ◽  
Jin Yeong Han
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Participant Characteristics

Abstract BACKGROUND: Anemia is associated with high morbidity and mortality in older people. However, anemia in older individuals is not fully understood, and national data on the prevalence and characteristics of anemia in Korean older people are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of anemia in older adults using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), which is the nation-wide cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted by Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare.Methods: Data from the total of 62,825 participants of the 2007-2016 KNHANES were merged and analyzed to investigate differences in participant characteristics and potential risk factors for anemia. Differences in participant characteristics were compared across subgroups using the chi-squared test for categorical variables and independent t-test for continuous variables. Univariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression were performed to identify related clinical factors.RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia was higher in the population aged ≥65 years than in the younger population. Anemia was also more prevalent among females than among males, but the difference was not statistically significant in people aged >85 years. Being underweight, receiving a social allowance, living alone, and having comorbidities such as hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer, and chronic renal failure (CRF) were more prevalent in older adults with anemia than in the group without anemia. In the univariate and multivariate analyses, older age, female sex, underweight, and comorbidities including rheumatoid arthritis, DM, cancer, and CRF were associated with an increased risk of anemia. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that age, female sex, underweight, and the presence of comorbidities such as rheumatoid arthritis, DM, cancer, and CRF were associated with an increased risk of anemia in Korean older adults. Further study on causal relationships between anemia and other variables in the older population is necessary.

scholarly journals High anemia prevalence in Korean older adults, an advent healthcare problem: 2007–2016 KNHANES

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Won Chueh ◽  
◽  
Hye Lim Jung ◽  
Ye Jee Shim ◽  
Hyoung Soo Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Anemia is associated with high morbidity and mortality in older people. However, the prevalence and characteristics of anemia in older individuals are not fully understood, and national data on these aspects in older Korean adults are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of anemia in older adults using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), which is a nationwide cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted by the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare. Methods Data from a total of 62,825 participants of the 2007–2016 KNHANES were compiled and analyzed to investigate differences in participant characteristics and potential risk factors for anemia. Differences in clinical characteristics of participants were compared across subgroups using the chi-square test for categorical variables and independent t-test for continuous variables. Univariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression were performed to identify related clinical factors. Results The prevalence of anemia was higher in the population aged ≥65 years than in the younger population. Anemia was also more prevalent among females than among males, but this difference was not significant in people aged > 85 years. Being underweight, receiving a social allowance, living alone, and having comorbidities such as hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer, and chronic renal failure (CRF) were more common among older adults with anemia than among the population without anemia. In univariate and multivariate analyses, older age, female sex, underweight, and presence of comorbidities including rheumatoid arthritis, DM, cancer, and CRF were associated with an increased risk of anemia. Conclusions This study revealed that age, female sex, underweight, and the presence of comorbidities such as rheumatoid arthritis, DM, cancer, and CRF were associated with an increased risk of anemia in older Korean adults. Further study on causal relationships between anemia and other variables in the older population is necessary.

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