Effect of Task Complexity on the Relationship between Physical Fitness and Reaction Time in Older Women

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tami Abourezk ◽  
Tonya Toole
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Complexity Analysis ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Groups ◽  
The Relationship

Thirty-four women ages 60 to 75 years were divided into two groups based on self-reported physical activity levels. The presence of significant fitness differences between the two activity groups was confirmed by testing all subjects on a well-established submaximal mile walking test. Both groups performed a reaction time task under two levels of task complexity: simple reaction time (SRT) and complex choice reaction time (CCRT). Time to react in milliseconds was recorded for both levels of task complexity. Analysis of variance revealed that the active group reacted faster (p< .05) than the less active group on CCRT (activeM,1.100 sec; less activeM, 1.818 sec). However, SRT times did not differ between groups (activeM, .345 msec; less activeM, .374 msec). This finding lends support to the hypothesis that cognitive task complexity influences the strength of the association between physical fitness and cognitive performance in older adults.

De Relatie Tussen Cognitieve Taakcomplexiteit En Linguïstische Performance Bij Het Schrijven In T1 En T2

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Folkert Kuiken ◽  
Ineke Vedder
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Linguistic Performance ◽  
L2 Development ◽  
L1 And L2 Writing ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
The Relationship

According to Robinson's Cognition Hypothesis of task-based L2 development, cognitively more demanding tasks will lead to the use of lexically and syntactically more complex language (Robinson 2001a, 2001b, in press). A different viewpoint is held by Skehan (1998) and Skehan & Foster (1999, 2001), who hypothesize that the more attention is required for a task because of its cognitive complexity, the less complex will be the linguistic output. The present research focuses on the relationship between taskcomplexity and linguistic performance in L1 and L2 writing. We report on an experiment carried out among 51 Dutch university students of Italian as a second language. The test included two writing tasks, in which cognitive task complexity was manipulated by varying the number of elements to be described and the required reasoning demands. Pre-existing knowledge of Italian was established by means of a pre-test. In the article, the results and theoretical and pedagogical implications of the study are discussed.

Information Processing Components of Digit Symbol Performance in Schizophrenia

1976 ◽  
Vol 42 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1329-1330
Author(s):  
D. R. Hemsley
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Choice Reaction Time Task ◽  
Digit Symbol ◽  
Time Task ◽  
The Relationship

The present report is of the relationship between digit symbol performance in schizophrenia and measures derived from a visual choice reaction-time task. The ability to ignore irrelevant visual stimuli was most closely related to digit symbol performance, other measures adding little to the predicted variance.

scholarly journals Relevance of Activity Tracking With Mobile Devices in the Relationship Between Physical Activity Levels and Satisfaction With Physical Fitness in Older Adults: Representative Survey (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Schlomann ◽  
Alexander Seifert ◽  
Christian Rietz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Activity Tracking ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND Physical activity has been shown to positively affect many aspects of life, and the positive relationship between physical activity levels and health is well established. Recently, research on the interrelationship between physical activity levels and subjective experiences has gained attention. However, the underlying mechanisms that link physical activity levels with subjective experiences of physical fitness have not been sufficiently explained. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the role of physical activity tracking (PAT) in the relationship between physical activity levels and satisfaction with physical fitness in older adults. It is hypothesized that higher levels of physical activity are associated with a higher satisfaction with physical fitness in older adults and that this positive association is stronger for older people who use mobile devices for PAT. METHODS As part of this study, 1013 participants aged 50 years or older and living in Switzerland were interviewed via computer-assisted telephone interviews. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were applied. The interaction effects between physical activity levels and PAT were evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS Descriptive analyses showed that 719 participants used at least 1 mobile device and that 136 out of 719 mobile device users (18.9%) used mobile devices for PAT. In the multivariate regression analysis, frequent physical activity was found to have a positive effect on satisfaction with physical fitness (beta=.24, P<.001). A significant interaction effect between physical activity levels and PAT (beta=.30, P=.03) provides some first evidence that the positive effects of physical activity on satisfaction with physical fitness can be enhanced by PAT. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate the potential of PAT to enhance the physical fitness of older adults. However, the results also raise new issues in this context. Recommendations for further research and practice include the acquisition of longitudinal data, a more detailed observation of durations of use, and the development of devices for PAT considering health psychology and gerontology theories.

Influence of Physical Exercise on Simple Reaction Time: Effect of Physical Fitness

1997 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brisswalter ◽  
R. Arcelin ◽  
M. Audiffren ◽  
D. Delignières
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Simple Reaction Time Task ◽  
Attentional Demand ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Time Task ◽  
Physical Task

The influence of physical fitness and energy expenditure on a simple reaction time task performed during exercise was investigated. Two groups of 10 subjects were used, one was composed of trained middle-distance runners and one of students who had no regular physical training. The subjects performed a simple reaction time task while pedalling on a cycloergometer at different relative power output corresponding to 20, 40, 60, and 80% of their own maximal aerobic power and immediately after exercise. During exercise, the results showed a decrease in cognitive performance for both groups whereas no significant effect was found after exercise. A significant effect of physical fitness on simple reaction time was noted during exercise. The data are interpreted in terms of optimization of performance focusing particularly on the relations between energy cost of the physical task and attentional demand.

Relations among Comfort of Fabrics, Ratings of Comfort, and Visual Vigilance

2003 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Bell ◽  
Armand V. Cardello ◽  
Howard G. Schutz
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Vigilance Task ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clothing Comfort ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Little is known about the relationship between perceptions of comfort and cognitive performance. In the present study, 40 subjects (20 men and 20 women) participated in a computerized cognitive task of visual vigilance. The computer task was completed under three conditions of clothing and tactile comfort: one condition was that of extreme discomfort, effected by the wearing of wool clothing material on the arms and neck in addition to each subject's normal clothing, including a short sleeve shirt; a second condition was that of minimal discomfort, effected by the wearing of cotton clothing material on the arms and neck, in addition to each subject's normal clothing, including a short sleeve shirt; and a third condition was a control, wherein no experimental material was added to each subject's normal clothing, including a short sleeve shirt. Comfort was assessed prior to, during, and after testing. Reaction time and accuracy of 400 trials of a visual vigilance task were assessed under each of these three conditions. Analysis indicated a significant difference in perceived comfort between the wool and each of the other conditions. In addition, both reaction time and accuracy declined in the wool condition. This study is among the first to identify a direct significant relationship between perceptions of clothing comfort and cognitive performance.

scholarly journals A revised method for measuring distraction by tactile stimulation

F1000Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Jacqueline R. Schechter ◽  
Deanna J. Greene ◽  
Jonathan M. Koller ◽  
Kevin J. Black
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Tactile Stimulus ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Tic Disorder ◽  
Sensory Hypersensitivity ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorder

Sensory hypersensitivity (SH) refers to the tendency to attend to subtle stimuli, to persist in attending to them, and to find them noxious. SH is relatively common in several developmental disorders including Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder (TS/CTD). This study was an attempt to quantify the extent to which a mild tactile stimulus distracts one’s attention in TS/CTD. Fourteen adults with TS/CTD and 14 tic-free control subjects completed questionnaires regarding SH and ADHD, and TS/CTD subjects completed self-report measures of current and past tic disorder symptoms and of current obsessions and compulsions. All subjects performed a sustained attention choice reaction time task during alternating blocks in which a mildly annoying stimulus (von Frey hair) was applied to the ankle (“ON”) or was not applied (“OFF”). We present here the clinical and cognitive task data for each subject.

scholarly journals Clarifying the relationship between trait mindfulness and objective performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Goilean ◽  
Francisco J. Gracia ◽  
Inés Tomás
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Trait Mindfulness ◽  
Reaction Time Variability ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
Objective Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Objective Indicators

AbstractThe present study focused on the relationship between trait mindfulness and the outcome component of performance, evaluated with objective indicators. In particular, four objective performance indicators were studied: accuracy, reaction time, variability in reaction times, and detection of unexpected stimuli. Because attention and awareness have been described as core components of mindfulness, and previous research suggests that mindfulness is associated with improved attention skills, this study predicted that trait mindfulness would be positively related to objective indicators of high performance (accuracy, detection of unexpected stimuli) and negatively related to objective indicators of low performance (reaction time, variability in reaction time), on an attention task. Moreover, the study predicted that the relationship between trait mindfulness and objective performance would be modulated by task complexity. University students (139) completed mindfulness, intelligence, and personality questionnaires and completed an adapted Stroop task (Stroop, 1935) in E-prime 2 software. To test our hypotheses, we performed hierarchical multiple regression analyses in SPSS. Our results revealed that trait mindfulness is not related to objective indicators of performance in an attention task, except for the detection of unexpected stimuli. Going further with our analyses, we also confirmed the important role of intelligence in performance outcomes. Finally, task complexity was not playing a moderator role in the relationship between mindfulness and objective performance. Our research contributes to the literature on mindfulness and objective performance, providing empirical evidence for the relationship between trait mindfulness and the detection of unexpected stimuli. Study limitations and avenues for future research are discussed.

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