The Relationship Between Affect and Performance in Competitive Intercollegiate Tennis: A Dynamic Conceptualization and Application

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Johnson ◽  
William A. Edmonds ◽  
Gershon Tenenbaum ◽  
Akihito Kamata
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Data Points ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Affective Intensity ◽  
The Relationship

A recently introduced probabilistic methodology (Kamata, Tenenbaum, & Hanin, 2002) was implemented in the current study to ascertain the idiosyncratic Individual Affect-related Performance Zones (IAPZs) of four intercollegiate tennis players. The current study advances upon previous empirical works by its use of multiple performance levels, use of athletes’ introspective affective intensity, and recording multiple data points duringcompetition. Results present within- and between-player comparisons, and highlight the dynamic nature of competitive athletic events. A brief discussion regarding the implications of this methodology and the pursuant results for sport psychology consultants is also proffered. Being idiosyncratic in nature, the observations from this study are not intended to generalize across samples, but rather to introduce how knowledge of the systematic and dynamic linkage between an individual’s affect and his or her performance can be uncovered and possibly used with individual athletes to facilitate more consistently optimal performances.

The Relationship between Observable Self-Talk and Competitive Junior Tennis Players' Match Performances

1994 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy L. Van Raalte ◽  
Britten W. Brewer ◽  
Patricia M. Rivera ◽  
Albert J. Petitpas
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Competitive Sport ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Junior Tennis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Broad Interest

In sport psychology, there is broad interest in cognitive factors that affect sport performance. The purpose of this research was to examine one such factor, self-talk, in competitive sport performance. Twenty-four junior tennis players were observed during tournament matches. Their observable self-talk, gestures, and match scores were recorded. Players also described their positive, negative, and other thoughts on a postmatch questionnaire. A descriptive analysis of the self-talk and gestures that occurred during competition was generated. It was found that negative self-talk was associated with losing and that players who reported believing in the utility of self-talk won more points than players who did not. These results suggest that self-talk influences competitive sport outcomes. The importance of "believing" in self-talk and the potential motivational and detrimental effects of negative self-talk on performance are discussed.

scholarly journals The Holy Grail

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 714-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Pereira-Moliner ◽  
Xavier Font ◽  
Juan José Tarí ◽  
Jose F. Molina-Azorin ◽  
Maria D. Lopez-Gamero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reference Measure ◽  
Environmental Capability ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Hotel Managers ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – This paper aims to analyse the influence of environmental proactivity on cost and differentiation competitive advantages, and to explore the double relationship between environmental proactivity and business performance. Design/methodology/approach – The population consists of all three- to five-star hotels in Spain. A sample of 350 hotels was classified according to environmental proactivity and performance levels, employing a two-step cluster analysis. Significant differences between groups were examined. Findings – The results show two types of environmental behaviour (reactive and proactive), with proactive hotels developing significantly better on both cost and differentiation competitive advantage and achieving significantly higher performance levels. Hotels which achieve above average business performance levels are significantly more environmentally proactive. Research limitations/implications – The present paper demonstrates that environmental management is related to competitive advantages and business performance. Environmental management systems are more developed in higher category, chain-affiliated and larger hotels. This could be due to having more resources to develop their environmental capability. The environmental proactivity scale employed in this study is presented as a reference measure for hotel managers to benchmark their current practices and implement environmental improvements. Originality/value – First, measuring environmental proactivity using four managerial systems (operative, information, strategic and technical) is innovative and provides a more detailed approach to measuring environmental proactivity. Second, demonstrating a double association between environmental proactivity and performance provides fresh insights into the relationship between these variables.

scholarly journals Antecedents of flow and the flow-performance relationship in cricket

Kinesiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Koehn ◽  
Benjamin Donald ◽  
Galina Paramei
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Total Flow ◽  
Perceived Ability ◽  
Batting Average ◽  
Dispositional Flow ◽  
Motivation Scale ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Sport Motivation Scale ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Measures Of Performance

The present study aspires to elaborate on the conceptual framework of flow by further elucidating integration and conceptualization of a relationship between flow and objective and subjective measures of performance. The aims of the study were twofold: (1) to examine the relationship between flow and its key correlates, anxiety, motivation, and perceived ability; (2) to assess whether the relationship between these measures and performance is direct or mediated. Participant sample included a group of cricketers with varying performance level (n = 40) and a group of 20 non-cricket team athletes; all were between 18 and 35 years of age. Their performance was assessed objectively by batting average, along with administering the Dispositional Flow Scale (DFS), Sport Anxiety Scale (SAS), Sport Motivation Scale (SMS), and Perceived Sport Ability (PSA) questionnaires. Results show that the three flow correlates accounted for 77% of dispositional flow variance; individual correlates varied, however, in their predicting power, anxiety: 0%; motivation: 1%; perceived ability: 57%. In addition, total flow and flow correlates accounted for a total of 54% of variance in performance, whereas unique variance of 8% was accounted for by anxiety and perceived ability, each. Notably, flow and two correlates, anxiety and perceived ability, were found to have a direct impact on performance; in contrast, a weak partial mediation of flow was found between motivation and performance. Based on the findings on the flow-performance relationship, expansion of the flow theory is suggested; benefits for advancing intervention research in sport psychology are discussed.

scholarly journals The relationship of some physical variables and performance angles to the strength of the straight serve for junior tennis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 0061
Author(s):  
Zainab Shakir ◽  
Dr. Widad Kadhum
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Tennis Ball ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Correlation Relationship ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Junior Tennis ◽  
Physical Variables ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The problem of the research in determining the appropriate angles in the strength of serve for tennis age (14-16) year according to the specific biomechanical conditions, and the extent of the relationship of each variable of the physical variables in the successful performance of the skill of serve, and achieving the strength of transmission for tennis age (14-16) year, and it is one of the biomechanical principles that can be used in evaluating the angles of body parts. age (14-16) year tennis players. The aim of the research is to identify the percentage of the contribution of some physical variables of the straight serve for tennis juniors, and the percentage of the contribution of some corners of the body to the strength of serve for the tennis age (14-16) year (18) players. The two researchers reached a number of results, the most important of which are: There is a statistically significant correlation between some physical abilities and body angles with the straight serve for tennis players. The lower the angles (elbow, shoulder, knee for the front leg) at the moment of hitting the tennis ball, the stronger the serve will be. Correlation relationship with some biomechanical variables, because the skill of serve requires the strength of the striking arm during the performance of the straight serve

Self-Presentation Origins of Choking: Evidence From Separate Pressure Manipulations

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Mesagno ◽  
Jack T. Harvey ◽  
Christopher M. Janelle
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Presentation Group

Whether self-presentation is involved in the choking process remains unknown. The purpose of the current study was to determine the role of self-presentation concerns on the frequency of choking within the context of a recently proposed self-presentation model. Experienced field hockey players (N = 45) were randomly assigned to one of five groups (i.e., performance-contingent monetary incentive, video camera placebo, video camera self-presentation, audience, or combined pressure), before taking penalty strokes in low- and high-pressure phases. Results indicated that groups exposed to self-presentation manipulations experienced choking, whereas those receiving motivational pressure treatments decreased anxiety and increased performance under pressure. Furthermore, cognitive state anxiety mediated the relationship between the self-presentation group and performance. These findings provide quantitative support for the proposed self-presentation model of choking, while also holding implications for anxiety manipulations in future sport psychology research.

scholarly journals ACUTE EFFECTS OF CUSTOMIZING A TENNIS RACKET ON SERVE SPEED

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (104) ◽  
pp. 44-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Söğüt
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Tennis Racket ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Lead Weights

Background. A vast number of tennis players use additional lead weights attached to their rackets in order to improve stroke performances. However, there is limited evidence that racket customization as such boosts efficiency in different age and performance levels. The purpose of this repeated measures design study was to determine the acute effects of adding weight to the tip of a racket on serve speed in tennis players. Methods. Participants were male tennis players from three different age and performance levels: elite junior (n = 7, age = 15.71 ± 0.95 years), colligate (n = 11, age = 22.36 ± 2.54 years), and senior recreational (n = 17, age = 52.94 ± 9.43 years). Three identical rackets, two of which were customized by adding ten and twenty gram lead weights on the tips, were used for the measurements. A radar gun was utilized to assess serve speed of the participants. Results. The repeated measures ANOVA results revealed no significant differences among serve speed scores for the three conditions in each group. Conclusion. Results suggest that customizing a tennis racket by adding lead weight to the tip might not necessarily yield differences in serve speeds in tennis players from different age and performance levels.

Self-Talk and Competitive Balance Beam Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika D. Van Dyke ◽  
Judy L. Van Raalte ◽  
Elizabeth M. Mullin ◽  
Britton W. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Competitive Balance ◽  
Balance Beam ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Collegiate Gymnasts ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Little research has explored the relationship between highly skilled athletes’ self-talk and their competitive performance over the course of a season. For the current study, positive, negative, motivational, instructional, and functional dimensions of collegiate gymnasts’ (N = 141) self-talk were assessed. The gymnasts’ competitive balance beam performances in intercollegiate meets were also recorded. Multiple regression analysis revealed that positive self-talk significantly predicted balance beam performance and performance consistency. Significant positive correlations were found among key self-talk variables, except negative self-talk. Significant negative correlations were found between negative self-talk and self-talk functions (i.e., attention, cognitive and emotional control, and confidence). The results highlight the interrelationships among various types and functions of self-talk in competitive settings, and provide evidence for the ways in which self-talk is related to the performance of highly skilled athletes. Suggestions for how these findings might be applied by athletes, coaches, and sport psychology practitioners are provided.

The Influence of Cognitive and Affective Reactions to Feedback on Subsequent Goals

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remus Ilies ◽  
Timothy A. Judge ◽  
David T. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Business School ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Dispositional Measure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reactions To Feedback

This paper focuses on explaining how individuals set goals on multiple performance episodes, in the context of performance feedback comparing their performance on each episode with their respective goal. The proposed model was tested through a longitudinal study of 493 university students’ actual goals and performance on business school exams. Results of a structural equation model supported the proposed conceptual model in which self-efficacy and emotional reactions to feedback mediate the relationship between feedback and subsequent goals. In addition, as expected, participants’ standing on a dispositional measure of behavioral inhibition influenced the strength of their emotional reactions to negative feedback.

Cognitive Factors Mediate the Relation Between Age and Flight Path Maintenance in General Aviation

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Van Benthem ◽  
Chris M. Herdman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Flight Path ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Pilot Error ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Identifying pilot attributes associated with risk is important, especially in general aviation where pilot error is implicated in most accidents. This research examined the relationship of pilot age, expertise, and cognitive functioning to deviations from an ideal circuit trajectory. In all, 54 pilots, of varying age, flew a Cessna 172 simulator. Cognitive measures were obtained using the CogScreen-AE ( Kay, 1995 ). Older age and lower levels of expertise and cognitive functioning were associated with significantly greater flight path deviations. The relationship between age and performance was fully mediated by a cluster of cognitive factors: speed and working memory, visual attention, and cognitive flexibility. These findings add to the literature showing that age-related changes in cognition may impact pilot performance.

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