Heart Rate Equivalency of the Fitbit Charge HR During Continuous Aerobic Exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Stock ◽  
Ryan T. Pohlig ◽  
Matthew J. Botieri ◽  
David G. Edwards ◽  
Gregory M. Dominick
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Equivalence Testing ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Exercise Onset ◽  
Absolute Percent Error

Purpose: Consumer-grade wrist-worn activity monitors frequently include photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors for estimating heart rate (HR). The Fitbit Charge HR is marketed specifically for tracking fitness; therefore, HR accuracy is critical, especially during exercise. This study examined HR equivalency of the Fitbit Charge HR during continuous aerobic exercise. Method: Participants (N = 19) concurrently wore a Polar H1 and Fitbit Charge HR during a measurement visit that included seated rest (5 minutes), warm-up (5 minutes), continuous treadmill exercise (30 minutes), and cool-down (5–10 minutes). Mean HR differences were examined by protocol phase, total activity (i.e., warm-up, exercise, and cool-down combined), and the first, middle, and last 5 minutes of continuous exercise. Mean absolute percent error (MAPE), Bland-Altman plots, and 95% equivalence testing explained overall and individual HR agreement between devices. Results: The Fitbit Charge HR significantly underestimated HR for all measurement phases (all p ≤ .01) except cool-down (p > .33). HR agreement was notably weaker during warm-up (r = 0.66, d = 0.57) and differences were greatest for the first 5 minutes compared to the middle and end of exercise (6.94±2.16 beats per minute [bpm] vs. 1.76±0.59 bpm, and 1.74±0.58 bpm), F = 4.87, p = .04). Mean exercise HRs were equivalent between devices (±2.69 bpm, 95% CI: 1.41–3.97 bpm); MAPE was 1.96%. Conclusion: The Fitbit Charge HR is relatively accurate for measuring HR during continuous aerobic exercise. Whereas the accuracy of PPG-based HR appears limited at exercise onset, agreement improves throughout the exercise bout and HR differences are negligible.

scholarly journals Comprehensive comparison of Apple Watch and Fitbit monitors in a free-living setting

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251975
Author(s):  
Yang Bai ◽  
Connie Tompkins ◽  
Nancy Gell ◽  
Dakota Dione ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Equivalence Testing ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison ◽  
Rate Correlation ◽  
Absolute Percent Error

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of three consumer-based activity monitors, Fitbit Charge 2, Fitbit Alta, and the Apple Watch 2, all worn on the wrist, in estimating step counts, moderate-to-vigorous minutes (MVPA), and heart rate in a free-living setting. Methods Forty-eight participants (31 females, 17 males; ages 18–59) were asked to wear the three consumer-based monitors mentioned above on the wrist, concurrently with a Yamax pedometer as the criterion for step count, an ActiGraph GT3X+ (ActiGraph) for MVPA, and a Polar H7 chest strap for heart rate. Participants wore the monitors for a 24-hour free-living condition without changing their usual active routine. MVPA was calculated in bouts of ≥10 minutes. Pearson correlation, mean absolute percent error (MAPE), and equivalence testing were used to evaluate the measurement agreement. Results The average step counts recorded for each device were as follows: 11,734 (Charge2), 11,922 (Alta), 11,550 (Apple2), and 10,906 (Yamax). The correlations in steps for the above monitors ranged from 0.84 to 0.95 and MAPE ranged from 17.1% to 35.5%. For MVPA minutes, the average were 76.3 (Charge2), 63.3 (Alta), 49.5 (Apple2), and 47.8 (ActiGraph) minutes accumulated in bouts of 10 or greater minutes. The correlation from MVPA estimation for above monitors were 0.77, 0.91, and 0.66. MAPE from MVPA estimation ranged from 44.7% to 55.4% compared to ActiGraph. For heart rate, correlation for Charge2 and Apple2 was higher for sedentary behavior and lower for MVPA. The MAPE ranged from 4% to 16%. Conclusion All three consumer monitors estimated step counts fairly accurately, and both the Charge2 and Apple2 reported reasonable heart rate estimation. However, all monitors substantially underestimated MVPA in free-living settings.

Accuracy of Heart Rate and Energy Expenditure Estimations of Wrist-Worn and Arm-Worn Apple Watches

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
Kayla J. Nuss ◽  
Joseph L. Sanford ◽  
Lucas J. Archambault ◽  
Ethan J. Schlemer ◽  
Sophie Blake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Criterion Measure ◽  
Maximal Exercise Test ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Entire Sample ◽  
Metabolic Cart ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Absolute Percent Error

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of heart rate (HR) and energy expenditure (EE) estimated by the Apple Watch Series 1 worn both on the wrist and the upper arm. Methods: Thirty healthy, young adults (15 females) wore the two monitors while participating in a maximal exercise test. Criterion measures were obtained from the Parvo Medics TrueOne 2400 Metabolic Cart and an electrocardiograph. Results: The HR estimations of the arm-worn (AW) Apple Watch had the highest agreement with the electrocardiogram, with mean absolute percent error (MAPE) of <2.5% for the entire sample, for males, and for females, at all exercise intensities. The HR estimations of the wrist-worn Apple Watch had MAPEs ranging from 3.61% (females at very light intensity) to 14.97% (males at very vigorous intensity). When estimating EE for total exercise bout in the entire sample, the arm-worn Apple Watch overestimated EE, with a MAPE of 39.63%, whereas the wrist-worn underestimated EE, with a MAPE of 32.28%. Both the arm- and wrist-worn overestimated EE for females and underestimated EE for males. Conclusion: Wearing the Apple Watch Series 1 on the upper arm versus the wrist improves the MAPE for HR estimations, but does not improve MAPE for the EE calculations when compared to a criterion measure.

scholarly journals Prior moderate and heavy exercise accelerate oxygen uptake and cardiac output kinetics in endurance athletes

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 1553-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azmy Faisal ◽  
Keith R. Beavers ◽  
Andrew D. Robertson ◽  
Richard L. Hughson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Heavy Exercise ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Exercise Onset ◽  
Finger Pulse

Cardiorespiratory interactions at the onset of dynamic cycling exercise are modified by warm-up exercises. We tested the hypotheses that oxygen uptake (V̇o2) and cardiac output (Q̇) kinetics would be accelerated at the onset of heavy and moderate cycling exercise by warm-up. Nine male endurance athletes (peak V̇o2: 60.5 ± 3.2 ml·min−1·kg−1) performed multiple rides of two different 36-min cycling protocols, involving 6-min bouts at moderate and heavy intensities. Breath-by-breath V̇o2 and beat-by-beat stroke volume (SV) and Q̇, estimated by Modelflow from the finger pulse, were measured simultaneously with kinetics quantified from the phase II time constant (τ2). One novel finding was that both moderate (M) and heavy (H) warm-up bouts accelerated phase II V̇o2 kinetics during a subsequent bout of heavy exercise (τ2: after M = 22.5 ± 2.7 s, after H = 22.1 ± 2.9 vs. 26.2 ± 3.2 s; P < 0.01). Q̇ kinetics in heavy exercise were accelerated by both warm-up intensities (τ2: M = 22.0 ± 4.1 s, H = 23.8 ± 5.6 s vs. 27.4 ± 7.2 s; P < 0.05). During moderate exercise, prior heavy-intensity warm-up (one or two bouts) accelerated V̇o2 kinetics and elevated Q̇ at exercise onset, with no changes in Q̇ kinetics. A second novel finding was a significant overshoot in the estimate of SV from Modelflow in the first minutes of each moderate and heavy exercise bout. These findings suggest that the acceleration of V̇o2 kinetics during heavy exercise was enabled by the acceleration of Q̇ kinetics, and that rapid increases in Q̇ at the onset of moderate and heavy exercise might result, in part, from an overshoot of SV.

scholarly journals Continuous and interval aerobic sessions: effects on triglyceride concentrations

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Eder Santiago ◽  
Rochelle Rocha Costa ◽  
Rodrigo Sudatti Delevatti ◽  
Cláudia Gomes Bracht ◽  
Artur Avelino Birk Preissler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Regular Practice

The regular practice of physical exercise, primarily aerobic, has been recommended as a component of the non-pharmacological treatment for dyslipidemias. However, there is a lack of studies in the literature comparing the acute effects of different aerobic exercise models (continuous and interval) on triglycerides concentrations. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the magnitude of change on triglycerides concentrations after a single session of interval and continuous exercise in persons with dyslipidemia. This study was a randomized crossover clinical trial. Fifteen volunteers performed two different aerobic sessions, a continuous and an interval session. The intensity of the continuous session was maintained between 85-90% of the heart rate at anaerobic threshold (HRAT). The interval session consisted of 9 sets of 4 minutes at 85-90%HRAT followed by one minute below 85%HRAT. Triglycerides concentrations were assessed before, immediately after and at the end of 30 minutes after all sessions. Both sessions models resulted in alterations in triglycerides concentrations immediately after exercise (p = 0.005), without difference between them (p = 0.446). Continuous session increased triglycerides concentrations by 34.9% from pre-exercise to immediately post-exercise and the interval session, by 7.9%. Thirty minutes after exercise, triglyceride concentrations showed no significant difference in relation to the pre-exercise and immediately after exercise moments in both session models. Therefore, it is concluded that aerobic exercise promotes responses in triglycerides concentrations of dyslipidemic patients, independently of the exercise method, either continuous or interval.

scholarly journals Agreement between the Apple Series 1, LifeTrak Core C200, and Fitbit Charge HR with Indirect Calorimetry for Assessing Treadmill Energy Expenditure

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3812
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Ryan Donald Burns ◽  
You Fu ◽  
Steven Godin ◽  
Wonwoo Byun
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Equivalence Testing ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Statistical Equivalence ◽  
Absolute Percent Error

The purpose of this study was to examine agreement in energy expenditure between the Apple Series 1 Watch, LifeTrak Core C200, and Fitbit Charge HR with indirect calorimetry during various treadmill speeds in young adults. Participants were a sample of college-aged students (mean age = 20.1 (1.7) years; 13 females, 17 males). Participants completed six structured 10-minute exercise sessions on a treadmill with speeds ranging from 53.6 m·min−1 to 187.7 m·min−1. Indirect calorimetry was used as the criterion. Participants wore the Apple Watch, LifeTrak, and Fitbit activity monitors on their wrists. Group-level agreement was examined using equivalence testing, relative agreement was examined using Spearman’s rho, and individual-level agreement was examined using Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) and Bland-Altman Plots. Activity monitor agreement with indirect calorimetry was supported using the Apple Watch at 160.9 m·min−1 (Mean difference = −2.7 kcals, 90% C.I.: −8.3 kcals, 2.8 kcals; MAPE = 11.9%; rs = 0.64) and 187.7 m·min−1 (Mean difference = 3.7 kcals, 90% C.I.: −2.2 kcals, 9.7 kcals; MAPE = 10.7%; rs = 0.72) and the Fitbit at 187.7 m·min−1 (Mean difference = −0.2 kcals, 90% C.I.: −8.8 kcals, 8.5 kcals; MAPE = 20.1%; rs = 0.44). No evidence for statistical equivalence was seen for the LifeTrak at any speed. Bland-Altman Plot Limits of Agreement were narrower for the Apple Series 1 Watch compared to other monitors, especially at slower treadmill speeds. The results support the utility of the Apple Series 1 Watch and Fitbit Charge HR for assessing energy expenditure during specific treadmill running speeds in young adults.

scholarly journals Caffeine affects autonomic control of heart rate and blood pressure recovery after aerobic exercise in young adults: a crossover study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Almeida Gonzaga ◽  
Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei ◽  
Rayana Loch Gomes ◽  
Vitor Engrácia Valenti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Pressure Recovery

POINT: Is it Time to Rethink Aerobic Exercise Prescription Methods?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-96
Author(s):  
Carlo Ferri Marini ◽  
Francesco Lucertini ◽  
James S. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Oxygen Intake ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

ABSTRACT Exercise prescription is complex and can vary greatly. As well, methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this discussion is to consider if some of these methods should be modified. We look at the concept of the heart rate and oxygen intake reserve because it is recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine.

scholarly journals The Effects of Different Exercise Types on Hematological Parameters in Sedentary Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Güner Çiçek
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Strength Exercise ◽  
Strength Exercises ◽  
Sedentary Women

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of aerobic and strength exercises on hematological parameters in sedentary women. To achieve the purpose of this study, a total of 23 volunteers including aerobic exercise group (AE, n: 10), strength exercise group (SE, n:13) were selected as participants. Two different exercises were applied for 4 days a week, throughout 16 weeks, within 60 minutes for each exercise with the intensity of heart rate (HR) 60-70 percent. The HR was measured using a heart rate monitor for each subject.The women's white blood cell (WBC), thrombocyte (PLT), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were measured before and after exercise. For statistical analysis, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for intra-group evaluations, and the Mann Whitney U test was used for inter-group evaluations. After the exercise program, there were a meaningful decrease in the body weight and body mass index (BMI) the women in both intervention groups. In addition, in the hematological results of strength exercise group, some meaningful decreases were determined in the values of RBC, HGB, HCT and MCV (p<0.01). As a results, it was observed that regular aerobic and strength exercises can positively influence the body weight and BMI parameters of sedentary women. Along with this, a meaningful decrease has been found in the values of RBC, HGB, HCT and MCV of strength exercise group compared to aerobic exercise.

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