The Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Ideal Cardiovascular Health in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 968-975
Author(s):  
Leanna M. Ross ◽  
Jacob L. Barber ◽  
Alexander C. McLain ◽  
R. Glenn Weaver ◽  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

Background: This study examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). Methods: CRF and the 7 CVH components were measured in 11,590 (8865 males; 2725 females) adults at baseline and in 2532 (2160 males; 372 females) adults with at least one follow-up examination from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Ideal CVH score was calculated as a composite of 7 measures, each scored 0 to 2. CVH groups were based on participant point score: ≤7 (poor), 8 to 11 (intermediate), and 12 to 14 (ideal). Analyses included general linear, logistic regression, and linear mixed models. Results: At baseline, participants in the high CRF category had 21% and 45% higher mean CVH scores than those in the moderate and poor CRF categories (P < .001). The adjusted odds (95% confidence interval) of being in the poor CVH group at baseline were 4.9 (4.4–5.4) and 16.9 (14.3–19.9) times greater for individuals with moderate and low CRF, respectively, compared with those with high CRF (P < .001). Longitudinal analysis found that for every 1-minute increase in treadmill time, CVH score increased by 0.23 units (P < .001) independent of age, sex, exam number, and exam year. Conclusions: Higher CRF is associated with better CVH profiles, and improving CRF over time is independently associated with greater improvements in CVH.

Abstract 37: The Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Ideal Cardiovascular Health in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanna M Ross ◽  
Jacob L Barber ◽  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
Steven N Blair ◽  
Mark A Sarzynski
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

Purpose: To examine the cross-sectional association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) in middle-aged adults. Methods: The association between CRF and ideal CVH score was examined in 11,590 adults (8,865 men, 2,725 women) from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. CRF was measured as duration in minutes from a maximal treadmill test. The AHA’s ideal CVH score was calculated on a 14 point scale using data on smoking status, BMI, physical activity (MET-min/wk), healthy diet, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose recorded between 1987 and 1999. Participants were grouped into categories of inadequate (0-4), average (5-9), and optimum (10-14) based on their CVH score. Three CRF groups were created from age- and sex-specific quintiles based on the previously established cutpoints of treadmill time: low, moderate, and high CRF. We used general linear and logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, and year of examination to evaluate the association of CRF with ideal CVH score. Results: The mean CVH score for men was 8.4 ± 2.2 and 9.7 ± 2.0 for women. Approximately 33% of men and 57% of women had optimum CVH, while only a small proportion of participants had inadequate CVH (5.1% M, 1.4% F). Treadmill time was moderately correlated (p<0.0001) with CVH score in both men (r=0.56) and women (r=0.50). CRF explained 16% and sex 18% of the variance in CVH score (both p<0.0001). Our adjusted model found that participants in the optimum CVH category had 20% and 43% higher CRF levels than those in the average and inadequate CVH groups (p<0.0001), respectively ( Figure 1 ). The adjusted odds (95% CI) of having optimum CVH were 14.0 (11.0-17.8) and 3.1 (2.4-4.0) times greater for high CRF and moderate CRF, respectively, compared to low CRF (p<0.0001). Discussion: Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with better cardiovascular health profiles in both men and women. Thus, improving fitness represents a strategy to improve cardiovascular and public health.

Change in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Ideal Cardiovascular Health in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5S) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Jacob L. Barber ◽  
Leanna M. Ross ◽  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
Steven N. Blair ◽  
Mark A. Sarzynski
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

Abstract P123: Percentage of Deaths Attributable to Poor Cardiovascular Health Behaviors: Findings from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
Jiajia Zhang ◽  
Duck-chul Lee ◽  
Enrique G Artero ◽  
Steven N Blair
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

Introduction: Although cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, and poor diet each have been linked to the risk of premature death, little is known about their relative individual and combined impact, adapted from the American Heart Association (AHA)’s new cardiovascular health construct, on mortality outcomes. We hypothesized that the individual and the combined health behaviors were inversely associated with all-cause mortality. The purpose of the study is to estimate the mortality effects of the 4 AHA defined cardiovascular health behaviors by examining the associated population attributable fractions (PAFs) of individual and combination factors. Methods: The study included 11240 (24% women) participants from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS). Slightly modified AHA cardiovascular health behaviors (smoking, BMI, cardiorespiratory fitness and diet) were collected between 1987 and 1999 as part of the clinical examination. We used cardiorespiratory fitness as an objective marker of recent physical activity habits. Individuals with a history of a cardiovascular disease, or cancer were excluded. The cohort was followed to December 2003 or death. PAFs were calculated after adjusting for age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, family history of CVD, and the four health behaviors. Results: Two hundred and sixty-eight deaths were documented during an average 12 years of follow-up. Low fitness had the highest PAFs at the 5 th , 10 th , and 15 th year of follow-up, respectively: 6.6% (95% CI: 1.6% - 11.4%), 6.4% (95% CI: 1.5% - 11.0%), and 5.5% (95% CI: 1.3% - 9.6%). Current smokers had the second highest PAFs at the 5 th , 10 th , and 15 th year of follow-up, respectively: 5.4% (95% CI: 0.1% - 10.3%), 5.2% (95% CI: 0.1% - 9.9%), and 5.0% (95% CI: 0.2% - 9.5%). Additional adjustment for other confounders in the model did not change the above associations. The PAFs for overweight or obese and unhealthy diet were not significant in the current study. Conclusion: Assuming a causal relationship between smoking, low fitness and mortality, avoidance of these two cardiovascular health risk factors would have prevented 13% of the deaths in the ACLS population. Targeted interventions to increase fitness as well as stopping smoking would most likely promote longevity.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional associations between Ideal Cardiovascular Health scores and vascular phenotypes in 11- to 12-year-olds and their parents: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 277 ◽  
pp. 258-265
Author(s):  
Richard S. Liu ◽  
Melissa Wake ◽  
Anneke Grobler ◽  
Michael Cheung ◽  
Kate Lycett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health

scholarly journals Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Mortality: Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
pp. 944-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique G. Artero ◽  
Vanesa España-Romero ◽  
Duck-chul Lee ◽  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
Timothy S. Church ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health And Mortality ◽  
Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Health, Functional Disability, and Leisure Activities Profiles in Relation to Mental Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 663-663
Author(s):  
Dorina Cadar ◽  
Celine De Looze ◽  
Christine McGarrigle
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health

Abstract We investigated cardiovascular health, functional disability and leisure activities profiles independently and in relation to cognitive decline and dementia in high and low-medium income countries using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing and Brazilian Bambui Cohort Study of Aging. Functional loss among older Brazilians has shown a hierarchical sequence over the 15-year follow-up, with the highest incidence in functional disability reported for dressing, followed by getting out of bed, bathing/showering, walking across a room, using the toilet and eating (de Oliveira). Using the Life’s Simple 7, an ideal cardiovascular health scoring system evaluating the muscular strength, mobility and physiological stress, we showed a reliable prediction of cognitive trajectories in a representative sample of Irish individuals (De Looze). Within the same cohort, we report discrepancies between men and women in functional decline driven by domestic tasks, rather than determining differential cognitive trajectories (McGarrigle). In an English representative sample, we found that participants with an increasing number of functional impairments over almost a decade were more likely to be classified with subsequent dementia compared with those with no impairments and this may imply a more comprehensive ascertainment during the prodromal stage of dementia (Cadar). In contrast, a reduced risk of dementia was found for individuals with higher levels of engagement in cognitively stimulating activities, that may preserve cognitive reserve until later in life (Almeida). Identifying factors that influence cognitive aging and dementia risk in a multifactorial perspective is critical toward developing adequate intervention and treatment.

A Longitudinal Study of Objectively Measured Built Environment as Determinant of Physical Activity in Young Adults: The European Youth Heart Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 909-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasper Schipperijn ◽  
Mathias Ried-Larsen ◽  
Merete S. Nielsen ◽  
Anneli F. Holdt ◽  
Anders Grøntved ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environmental Indices ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
European Youth

Background:This longitudinal study aimed to examine if a Movability Index (MI), based on objectively measured built environment characteristics, was a determinant for objectively measured physical activity (PA) among young adults.Methods:Data collected from 177 persons participating in the Danish part of the European Youth Hearth Study (EYHS) was used to examine the effect of the built environment on PA. A MI was developed using objectively measured built environment characteristics, and included residential density, recreational facilities, daily destinations and street connectivity.Results:Results showed a positive cross-sectional association between MI and PA. PA decreased from baseline to follow-up. MI increased, primarily due to participants relocating to larger cities. An increase in MI from baseline to follow-up was associated with a reduced decrease in PA for females.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that the built environment is a determinant for PA, especially for females. The found gender differences might suggest the need to develop gender specific environmental indices in future studies. The validity of the measures can be further improved by creating domain specific PA measures as well as domain specific environmental indices and this can potentially reveal more specific built environment determinants for PA.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of ideal cardiovascular health in a latin women cohort: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 100071
Author(s):  
Mónica Acevedo ◽  
Paola Varleta ◽  
Carolina Casas-Cordero ◽  
Amalia Berríos ◽  
Carlos Navarrete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health

Abstract 021: Higher Levels of Ideal Cardiovascular Health Are Associated With Lower Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Individuals With Normal Fasting Glucose but Not Impaired Fasting Glucose: The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua J Joseph ◽  
Aleena Bennett ◽  
Justin B Echouffo Tcheugui ◽  
Valery S Effoe ◽  
James Odei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Racial Differences ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Normal Fasting Glucose ◽  
Prevention Of Diabetes

Aims/hypothesis: Ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) is associated with lower risk of incident diabetes, but whether this association varies by baseline glycemia (normal [<100 mg/dL] vs. impaired fasting glucose [100-125 mg/dL]) remains to be clarified. We assessed the incidence of diabetes based on American Heart Association (AHA) ICH components stratified by glycemic status to determine whether ICH is more effective for primordial or primary prevention of diabetes among middle-aged and older adults. Methods: This study included 7,662 non-Hispanic whites and African Americans from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study without prevalent diabetes at baseline (2003-2006), who completed the follow-up exam (2013-2016). Participants were categorized as having ideal, intermediate or poor cardiovascular health, as defined by the AHA 2020 Impact Goals, based on baseline ICH components (total cholesterol, blood pressure, dietary intake, tobacco use, physical activity and body-mass index (BMI)). We categorized participants based on their total number of components that were ideal (0-1 “poor”, 2-3 “intermediate”, and 4+ “ideal”). Incident rate ratios (IRR) were calculated using modified poisson regression adjusting for age, sex, education, income, race, alcohol use, estimated glomerular filtration rate, urine albumin:creatinine ratio and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. After confirming significant interactions with multiplicative interaction terms and application of likelihood ratio test, we stratified by glycemic status (normal vs. impaired fasting glucose). Results: Among REGARDS participants (mean age 63.0 [SD 8.4] years, 56% female, 26% African American), there were 560 incident diabetes cases (median follow-up 9.5 years). Overall, those with 2-3 and 4+ ICH components vs. 0-1 components had 31% (IRR 0.69; 95% CI 0.61, 0.79) and 71% lower (IRR 0.29; 95% CI 0.20, 0.42) risk of diabetes, respectively. Among 5,930 participants with normal fasting glucose, these risks were 36% (IRR 0.64; 95% CI 0.52, 0.79) and 80% lower (IRR 0.20; 95% CI 0.10, 0.37), while among 1,732 participants with baseline impaired fasting glucose these risks were 8% (IRR 0.92; 95% CI 0.80,1.07) and 13% lower (IRR 0.87; 95% CI 0.58,1.30) (p for interaction by baseline glucose status <0.0001). Conclusions/interpretation: Meeting an increasing number of ideal levels of dietary intake, physical activity, smoking, blood pressure, cholesterol and BMI was associated with a dose-dependent lower risk of diabetes for individuals with normal fasting glucose but not impaired fasting glucose. This suggests the AHA 2020 guidelines may be more effective for primordial versus primary prevention of diabetes among middle-aged and older adults.

Abstract P001: LGB Health Disparities: Examining the Status of Ideal Cardiovascular Health From the 2011-2012 NHANES Survey

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshul Saxena ◽  
Muni Rubens ◽  
Sankalp Das ◽  
Tanuja Rajan ◽  
Gowtham Grandhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Bisexual

Objectives: Extensive data suggests that lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) adults are more likely to experience adverse cardiovascular outcomes relative to heterosexuals. However, evidence regarding cardiovascular health (CVH) disparities and sexual orientation is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of CVH metrics in a US nationally representative population of heterosexual (HT), and LGB adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 2445 participants (representing 115 million) adults aged 18 or over years in the 2011-2012 NHANES survey. The CVH factors of smoking, body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA), diet, blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC) and glucose (GLU) were measured. Each CVH factor was then classified as ideal; intermediate; or poor. Ideal CVH was defined as presence of >=5 ideal CVH metrics. Results: 95.1% of the weighted sample self-identified as HT (95% CI: 93.5%, 96.6%) compared to 4.9% (95%: 3.3%, 6.5%) LGB. The figure illustrates the distribution of each of the 7 CVH categories according to sexual orientation. In age, gender, and race adjusted analysis, LGB individuals were 36% (AOR: 0.64; 95%: 0.29, 1.4; p > 0.05) less likely to have ideal CVH compared to HT. These proportions go higher after adjusting for age. Conclusions: The results suggest that LGB individuals face a higher risk of being in the category for poor cardiovascular health compared to heterosexuals. Evidence suggests that there are sexual orientation disparities among adults. If confirmed in other studies, results point towards disproportionately higher risk for cardiovascular disease among sexual-minority populations. Figure

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document