Relationship Between Gluteal Muscle Strength, Corticospinal Excitability, and Jump-Landing Biomechanics in Healthy Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam S. Lepley ◽  
Allison M. Strouse ◽  
Hayley M. Ericksen ◽  
Kate R. Pfile ◽  
Phillip A. Gribble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Corticospinal Excitability ◽  
Gluteal Muscle ◽  
Jump Landing ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Landing Biomechanics

Context:Components of gluteal neuromuscular function, such as strength and corticospinal excitability, could potentially influence alterations in lower extremity biomechanics during jump landing.Objective:To determine the relationship between gluteal muscle strength, gluteal corticospinal excitability, and jump-landing biomechanics in healthy women.Setting:University laboratory.Design:Descriptive laboratory study.Participants:37 healthy women (21.08 ± 2.15 y, 164.8 ± 5.9 cm, 65.4 ± 12.0 kg).Interventions:Bilateral gluteal strength was assessed through maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) using an isokinetic dynamometer. Strength was tested in the open chain in prone and side-lying positions for the gluteus maximus and gluteus medius muscles, respectively. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to elicit measures of corticospinal excitability. Participants then performed 3 trials of jump landing from a 30-cm box to a distance of 50% of their height, with an immediate rebound to a maximal vertical jump. Each jump-landing trial was video recorded (2-D) and later scored for errors.Main Outcome Measures:MVICs normalized to body mass were used to assess strength in the gluteal muscles of the dominant and nondominant limbs. Corticospinal excitability was assessed by means of active motor threshold (AMT) and motor-evoked potentials (MEP) elicited at 120% of AMT. The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) was used to evaluate jump-landing biomechanics.Results:A moderate, positive correlation was found between dominant gluteus maximus MEP and LESS scores (r = .562, P = .029). No other significant correlations were observed for MVIC, AMT, or MEP for the gluteus maximus and gluteus medius, regardless of limb.Conclusions:The findings suggest a moderate relationship between dominant gluteus maximus corticospinal excitability and a clinical measure of jump-landing biomechanics. Further research is required to substantiate the findings and expand our understanding of the central nervous system’s role in athletic movement.

scholarly journals Gluteal Muscle Atrophy and Increased Intramuscular Lipid Concentration Are Not Mitigated by Daily Artificial Gravity Following 60-Day Head-Down Tilt Bed Rest

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vienna Tran ◽  
Enrico De Martino ◽  
Julie Hides ◽  
Gordon Cable ◽  
James M. Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Artificial Gravity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Joint Stability ◽  
Lipid Concentration ◽  
Gluteal Muscle ◽  
Intramuscular Lipid

Exposure to spaceflight and head-down tilt (HDT) bed rest leads to decreases in the mass of the gluteal muscle. Preliminary results have suggested that interventions, such as artificial gravity (AG), can partially mitigate some of the physiological adaptations induced by HDT bed rest. However, its effect on the gluteal muscles is currently unknown. This study investigated the effects of daily AG on the gluteal muscles during 60-day HDT bed rest. Twenty-four healthy individuals participated in the study: eight received 30 min of continuous AG; eight received 6 × 5 min of AG, interspersed with rest periods; eight belonged to a control group. T1-weighted Dixon magnetic resonance imaging of the hip region was conducted at baseline and day 59 of HDT bed rest to establish changes in volumes and intramuscular lipid concentration (ILC). Results showed that, across groups, muscle volumes decreased by 9.2% for gluteus maximus (GMAX), 8.0% for gluteus medius (GMED), and 10.5% for gluteus minimus after 59-day HDT bed rest (all p < 0.005). The ILC increased by 1.3% for GMAX and 0.5% for GMED (both p < 0.05). Neither of the AG protocols mitigated deconditioning of the gluteal muscles. Whereas all gluteal muscles atrophied, the ratio of lipids to intramuscular water increased only in GMAX and GMED muscles. These changes could impair the function of the hip joint and increased the risk of falls. The deconditioning of the gluteal muscles in space may negatively impact the hip joint stability of astronauts when reexpose to terrestrial gravity.

Modulation of Frontal-Plane Knee Kinematics by Hip-Extensor Strength and Gluteus Maximus Recruitment During a Jump-Landing Task in Healthy Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Hollman ◽  
Jeffrey M. Hohl ◽  
Jordan L. Kraft ◽  
Jeffrey D. Strauss ◽  
Katie J. Traver
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Knee Motion ◽  
Jump Landing ◽  
Hip Motion

Context:Abnormal lower extremity kinematics during dynamic activities may be influenced by impaired gluteus maximus function.Objective:To examine whether hip-extensor strength and gluteus maximus recruitment are associated with dynamic frontal-plane knee motion during a jump-landing task.Design:Exploratory study.Setting:Biomechanics laboratory.Participants:40 healthy female volunteers.Main Outcome Measures:Isometric hip-extension strength was measured bilaterally with a handheld dynamometer. Three-dimensional hip and knee kinematics and gluteus maximus electromyography data were collected bilaterally during a jumplanding test. Data were analyzed with hierarchical linear regression and partial correlation coefficients (α = .05).Results:Hip motion in the transverse plane was highly correlated with knee motion in the frontal plane (partial r = .724). After controlling for hip motion, reduced magnitudes of isometric hip-extensor strength (partial r = .470) and peak gluteus maximus recruitment (partial r = .277) were correlated with increased magnitudes of knee valgus during the jump-landing task.Conclusion:Hip-extensor strength and gluteus maximus recruitment, which represents a measure of the muscle’s neuromuscular control, are both associated with frontal-plane knee motions during a dynamic weight-bearing task.

Muscle Activation Levels of the Gluteus Maximus and Medius During Standing Hip-Joint-Strengthening Exercises Using Elastic-Tubing Resistance

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Youdas ◽  
Kady E. Adams ◽  
John E. Bertucci ◽  
Koel J. Brooks ◽  
Meghan M. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Muscle Recruitment ◽  
Gluteus Medius Muscle ◽  
The Cross

Context:No published studies have compared muscle activation levels simultaneously for the gluteus maximus and medius muscles of stance and moving limbs during standing hip-joint strengthening while using elastic-tubing resistance.Objective:To quantify activation levels bilaterally of the gluteus maximus and medius during resisted lower-extremity standing exercises using elastic tubing for the cross-over, reverse cross-over, front-pull, and back-pull exercise conditions.Design:Repeated measures.Setting:Laboratory.Participants:26 active and healthy people, 13 men (25 ± 3 y) and 13 women (24 ± 1 y).Intervention:Subjects completed 3 consecutive repetitions of lower-extremity exercises in random order.Main Outcome Measures:Surface electromyographic (EMG) signals were normalized to peak activity in the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) trial and expressed as a percentage. Magnitudes of EMG recruitment were analyzed with a 2 × 4 repeated-measures ANOVA for each muscle (α = .05).Results:For the gluteus maximus an interaction between exercise and limb factor was significant (F3,75 = 21.5; P < .001). The moving-limb gluteus maximus was activated more than the stance limb's during the back-pull exercise (P < .001), and moving-limb gluteus maximus muscle recruitment was greater for the back-pull exercise than for the cross-over, reverse cross-over, and front-pull exercises (P < .001). For the gluteus medius an interaction between exercise and limb factor was significant (F3,75 = 3.7; P < .03). Gluteus medius muscle recruitment (% MVIC) was greater in the stance limb than moving limb when performing the front-pull exercise (P < .001). Moving-limb gluteus medius muscle recruitment was greater for the reverse cross-over exercise than for the cross-over, front-pull, and back-pull exercises (P < .001).Conclusions:From a clinical standpoint there is no therapeutic benefit to selectively activate the gluteus maximus and gluteus medius muscles on the stance limb by resisting sagittal- and frontal-plane hip movements on the moving limb using resistance supplied by elastic tubing.

Lower Leg Cold Immersion Does Not Impair Dynamic Stability in Healthy Women

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Miniello ◽  
Geoffrey Dover ◽  
Michael Powers ◽  
Mark Tillman ◽  
Erik Wikstrom
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Peroneus Longus ◽  
Jump Landing ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Time To Stabilization ◽  
Cold Immersion

Context:Previous studies have suggested that cryotherapy affects neuromuscu-lar function and therefore might impair dynamic stability. If cryotherapy affects dynamic stability, clinicians might alter their decisions regarding returning athletes to play immediately after treatment.Objective:To assess the effects of lower leg cold immersion on muscle activity and dynamic stability of the lower extremity.Design:Within-subject time-series design with 1 pretest and 2 posttests.Setting:A climate-controlled biomechanics laboratory.Participants:17 healthy women.Interventions:20-minute cold-water immersion.Main Outcome Measures:Preparatory and reactive electromyographic activity of the tibialis anterior and peroneus longus and time to stabilization after a jump landing.Results:Preparatory activity of the tibialis anterior increased after treatment, whereas preparatory and reactive peroneus longus activity decreased. Both returned to baseline after a 5-minute recovery. Time to stabilization did not change.Conclusions:Lower leg cold-immersion therapy does not impair dynamic stability in healthy women during a jump-landing task. Return to participation after a cryotherapy treatment is not contraindicated for healthy athletes.

Effect of post-trochanteric groove support on stance control associated with the pelvic-lumbar system: A preliminary study

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-413
Author(s):  
Seiji Hama ◽  
Masafumi Ohtsubo ◽  
Tsuyoshi Nishiwaki ◽  
Ayu Miura ◽  
Mie Sanemasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Compression Pressure ◽  
Gluteal Muscle ◽  
Posterior Aspect ◽  
Stance Control ◽  
Preliminary Study

Background: Many stroke and neuromuscular patients with paraplegia or severe hemiparesis cannot control trunk balance. Objective: To support the pelvis/hip of paresis patients, a new pelvic/hip support system was developed bearing a convex pressing member placed over the post-trochanteric groove, a cutaneous landmark sited on the lateral portion of the gluteus maximus muscle and indicating the posterior aspect of the greater trochanter. Study design: Preliminary study. Methods: Stance control differences in two paretic patients (Guillain-Barré syndrome and stroke sequelae) with or without post-trochanteric groove support were examined. The contact pressure on the post-trochanteric groove was examined in eight healthy volunteers using an impact force sensor. The pelvic-lumbar movement was also examined using three-dimensional motion analysis, and the gluteus muscles activity was evaluated using surface electromyography. Results: Without post-trochanteric groove support, total three-dimensional displacement of the sacral marker was longer in the paresis patients than in normal controls, while post-trochanteric groove support decreased this distance. Post-trochanteric groove support provided compression pressure on the post-trochanteric groove, and all subjects showed a more upright trunk position, providing more anterior pelvic tilting. Six of eight subjects showed increased lumbar lordosis. Five of eight subjects showed gluteus maximus and/or gluteus medius muscle activation. Conclusion: The mechanisms of post-trochanteric groove support were suggested to be spino-pelvic coordination and gluteal muscle activation. Clinical relevance The post-trochanteric groove is a cutaneous landmark located behind the pelvis/hip joint. Applying pressure to the post-trochanteric groove from behind pushes the trunk to adopt a more upright position, leading to improved stance control. Underlining mechanisms appear to be spino-pelvic coordination and gluteal muscle activation.

Action processing in the motor system: TMS evidence of shared mechanisms in the visual and linguistic modalities.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Gianelli ◽  
Katharina Kühne ◽  
Silvia Mencaraglia ◽  
Riccardo Dalla Volta
Keyword(s):  
Motor System ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Corticospinal Excitability ◽  
First Dorsal Interosseous ◽  
Action Processing ◽  
Abductor Digiti Minimi ◽  
Hand Action

In two experiments, we compared the dynamics of corticospinal excitability when processing visually or linguistically presented tool-oriented hand actions in native speakers and sequential bilinguals. In a third experiment we used the same procedure to test non-motor, low-level stimuli, i.e. scrambled images and pseudo-words. Stimuli were presented in sequence: pictures (tool + tool-oriented hand action or their scrambled counterpart) and words (tool noun + tool-action verb or pseudo-words). Experiment 1 presented German linguistic stimuli to native speakers, while Experiment 2 presented English stimuli to non-natives. Experiment 3 tested Italian native speakers. Single-pulse trascranial brain stimulation (spTMS) was applied to the left motor cortex at five different timings: baseline, 200ms after tool/noun onset, 150, 350 and 500ms after hand/verb onset with motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) recorded from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) and abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscles.We report strong similarities in the dynamics of corticospinal excitability across the visual and linguistic modalities. MEPs’ suppression started as early as 150ms and lasted for the duration of stimulus presentation (500ms). Moreover, we show that this modulation is absent for stimuli with no motor content. Overall, our study supports the notion of a core, overarching system of action semantics shared by different modalities.

scholarly journals Delayed Rehabilitation Protocol after Rotator Cuff Repair

Osteology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Alessandra Berton ◽  
Sergio De Salvatore ◽  
Vincenzo Candela ◽  
Gabriele Cortina ◽  
Daniela Lo Presti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Rotator Cuff Repair ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Shoulder Function ◽  
Rehabilitation Protocol ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Cuff Repair

Rotator cuff tears are a frequent cause of shoulder pain that often require arthroscopic repair. After surgery an intense and well-studied rehabilitation protocol is needed to obtain the complete recovery of shoulder function. Fifty patients, who sustained arthroscopic rotator cuff repair for symptomatic, atraumatic and full-thickness supraspinatus tendon tear, were involved. According to our rehabilitation protocol, during the first four postoperative weeks, the arm was supported with an abduction sling pillow, and pendulum exercises, table slide and active elbow extension and flexion were conceded. Outcome measures (Oxford shoulder score (OSS), simple shoulder test (SST), patient-reported satisfaction), shoulder function (range of motion (ROM) and muscle strength), and MRI examination were evaluated. The mean OSS score and SST score increased from 16 to 30.2 and from 5.3 to 11.4, respectively. Patient-reported satisfaction was 96%. At 12 months, patients improved ROM and muscle strength. Postoperative passive anterior elevation was 176; external rotation averaged 47; internal rotation was 90. Postoperative muscle strength during anterior elevation was 8.3 ± 2.2 kg, internal rotation 6.8 ± 3 kg, external rotation 5.5 ± 2.3 kg. Five out of seven patients with recurrent tears evaluated their results as satisfactory. They reported improvements in terms of OSS and SST mean scores despite recurrent tears; therefore, they did not undergo revision surgery. The delayed postoperative physical therapy protocol was associated with improvements in the outcome measures and shoulder function compared to the preoperatory state and rotator cuff healing demonstrated by MRI.

scholarly journals Ground Reaction Forces and Kinematics of Ski Jump Landing Using Wearable Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bessone ◽  
Petrat ◽  
Schwirtz
Keyword(s):  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Inertial Motion ◽  
Jump Landing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Landing Biomechanics ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Kinematics And Kinetics

In the past, technological issues limited research focused on ski jump landing. Today, thanks to the development of wearable sensors, it is possible to analyze the biomechanics of athletes without interfering with their movements. The aims of this study were twofold. Firstly, the quantification of the kinetic magnitude during landing is performed using wireless force insoles while 22 athletes jumped during summer training on the hill. In the second part, the insoles were combined with inertial motion units (IMUs) to determine the possible correlation between kinematics and kinetics during landing. The maximal normal ground reaction force (GRFmax) ranged between 1.1 and 5.3 body weight per foot independently when landing using the telemark or parallel leg technique. The GRFmax and impulse were correlated with flying time (p < 0.001). The hip flexions/extensions and the knee and hip rotations of the telemark front leg correlated with GRFmax (r = 0.689, p = 0.040; r = −0.670, p = 0.048; r = 0.820, p = 0.007; respectively). The force insoles and their combination with IMUs resulted in promising setups to analyze landing biomechanics and to provide in-field feedback to the athletes, being quick to place and light, without limiting movement.

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