scholarly journals Implicit Theories of Ability in Physical Education: Current Issues and Future Directions

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Emily Warburton ◽  
Christopher Mark Spray
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Theory Research ◽  
Ability Beliefs ◽  
Implicit Theories Of Ability

Purpose:In light of the extensive empirical evidence that implicit theories have important motivational consequences for young people across a range of educational settings we seek to provide a summary of, and personal reflection on, implicit theory research and practice in physical education (PE).Overview:We first provide an introduction to the key constructs and theoretical propositions associated with implicit theories. We then include a brief summary of the research findings on ability beliefs in school PE, which we draw on to identify several key issues that we feel are crucial to furthering our understanding of this topic. We conclude by offering a number of ideas for future research and discuss the potential misinterpretation of implicit theories when applied to professional practice in PE.Conclusions:We argue that researchers need to address more nuanced questions around implicit theories to prevent this area of inquiry stalling. Moreover, we need to provide teachers with more specific recommendations to help them integrate theory and research into practice.

Students’ ability beliefs about running in physical education: Qualitative findings from longitudinal data

2020 ◽  
pp. 1356336X2094990
Author(s):  
Ping Xiang ◽  
Jiling Liu ◽  
Weidong Li ◽  
Jianmin Guan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Eighth Grade ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Ability Beliefs ◽  
Task Mastery ◽  
Implicit Theories Of Ability ◽  
Over Time

Students’ ability beliefs about running activities in physical education/athletics classes were investigated longitudinally from the perspectives of Nicholls’ conceptions of ability and Dweck’s implicit theories of ability. The data for this study were provided by 44 students (20 boys; 24 girls) who participated in a larger longitudinal project on students’ running motivation in schools. They were individually interviewed from fourth to eighth grade. All interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim for inductive analysis, revealing the criteria that students used to assess their own ability in running and reasons why they believed they could improve their ability in running. Frequencies and percentages were computed to determine changes in students’ ability assessment criteria over time. Results showed that students used ability, effort, task mastery, intra-individual comparisons, and social comparisons as criteria to assess their own ability in running as they progressed from the fourth to eighth grade. However, they increasingly used social comparison in assessment as they became older. Most students believed they could improve their ability in running, suggesting that they were incremental theorists. Ability/maturation, effort, experiences, and influences from significant others were cited as contributors to their beliefs about improving running ability. This study took the first step to provide longitudinal qualitative data on students’ ability beliefs about running in physical education/athletics classes. Findings of the study revealed students became more concerned with social comparisons in their ability assessments over time and held a belief that they could improve their own running ability. The implications of these findings for physical education teachers are discussed.

On the Horizon

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Willoughby ◽  
Jason S. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Marital Transitions ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Demographic Shifts ◽  
Theory Research ◽  
Age Of Marriage

This chapter overviews marriage formation patterns and beliefs about marriage during emerging adulthood. Although marriage is no longer a transition occurring during emerging adulthood for many individuals, this chapter describes how marriage still has an important impact on emerging adult development and trajectories. The authors first note the major international demographic shifts in marriage that have occurred among emerging adults over the past several decades. They then highlight how research findings on beliefs about marriage have offered evidence that how emerging adults perceive their current or future marital transitions is strongly associated with other decisions during emerging adulthood. The chapter overviews major theoretical advancements in this area including marital paradigm theory and marital horizon theory. Research is summarized focusing on the age of marriage to highlight and discuss how marriage during emerging adulthood may impact well-being. Suggestions are provided for future directions of research in this area of scholarship.

scholarly journals Tele-Audiology: Current State and Future Directions

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen L. D'Onofrio ◽  
Fan-Gang Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Service Delivery Model ◽  
Improve Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Remote Care ◽  
Improve Patient

The importance of tele-audiology has been heightened by the current COVID-19 pandemic. The present article reviews the current state of tele-audiology practice while presenting its limitations and opportunities. Specifically, this review addresses: (1) barriers to hearing healthcare, (2) tele-audiology services, and (3) tele-audiology key issues, challenges, and future directions. Accumulating evidence suggests that tele-audiology is a viable service delivery model, as remote hearing screening, diagnostic testing, intervention, and rehabilitation can each be completed reliably and effectively. The benefits of tele-audiology include improved access to care, increased follow-up rates, and reduced travel time and costs. Still, significant logistical and technical challenges remain from ensuring a secure and robust internet connection to controlling ambient noise and meeting all state and federal licensure and reimbursement regulations. Future research and development, especially advancements in artificial intelligence, will continue to increase tele-audiology acceptance, expand remote care, and ultimately improve patient satisfaction.

scholarly journals Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for the Treatment of Tendinopathies: Current Evidence on Effectiveness, Mechanisms, Limitations, and Future Directions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Burton
Keyword(s):  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Patellar Tendinopathy ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy ◽  
Extracorporeal Shockwave ◽  
Shockwave Therapy ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Performance

Tendinopathy is a chronic degenerative tendon disorder which is characterised by pain, swelling and impaired physical function and performance, presenting in both athletes and the general population. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is an increasingly common treatment for tendinopathy, which can initiate tendon healing and regeneration. The review presents current understanding of mechanisms of action of ESWT and provides a brief overview of its history and development. The central purpose of the review is to synthesise research findings investigating the effectiveness of ESWT for seven common tendinopathies (plantar heel pain, rotator cuff, lateral elbow, Achilles, gluteal, hamstring and patellar tendinopathy) and provide recommendations on clinical applicability. Collectively, the available evidence indicates that ESWT is effective and can be recommended in treatment for the seven tendinopathies. However, the evidence is stronger for certain tendinopathies compared to others and uncertainties remain regarding the optimal ESWT treatment parameters. The consensus from recent literature is that although ESWT can be effective in isolation it should be combined with other treatments in tendinopathy, which needs to be addressed in future research.

scholarly journals EXTENSIVE READING: THEORY, RESEARCH AND IMPLEMENTATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Qiu Rong Ng ◽  
Willy A. Renandya ◽  
Miao Yee Clare Chong
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Reading Programs ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Extensive Reading ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Reading Theory ◽  
Theory Research

There are three purposes of this paper, the first of which is to elucidate the theory and principles underlying extensive reading. Long-held principles will be discussed in light of practical classroom and contextual considerations. Secondly, a critical summary of current research on extensive reading that has been conducted in English as a Second Language and English as a Foreign Language contexts and has been published over the last five years will be presented. By highlighting the vast benefits of extensive reading on improving many aspects of L2 learners’ language proficiency, we hope to encourage greater implementation of extensive reading in educational institutions worldwide. Teachers will also become more familiar with future directions in the practice of implementing extensive reading programs such as how to capitalize on the potential of the Internet to monitor and assess learners’ progress in reading extensively. Thirdly, the paper provides directions for future research which we believe might fill critical gaps in our knowledge about ER.

Mix Networks: Existing Scenarios and Future Directions on Security and Privacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaleel Ahmad ◽  
Afsar Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Practical Solution ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
The Web ◽  
Privacy Enhancing Techniques

Background: Privacy enhancing techniques are developed in order to provide strong protection to cyberspace. These techniques aim to allow users to keep their identities hidden during the communication when they are sending email, making payments online, browsing the Web or posting to newsgroups. MixNet is the most practical solution for concealing identities of message and sender’s identities. Objective: It provides sender and receiver anonymity as well as message security. The main goal of MixNet is to overcome vulnerability and enhance the performance of communication. It can efficiently handle the messages of various length and produce desirable results with privacy. The main objective of this paper is to acquire information and concepts regarding MixNet. We also provide guidelines for future research and references. Methods : The designing of MixNet depends on what cryptosystem method is used. Symmetric and Asymmetric both are used. Other methods could be also used such as PIR, CSP and FDR model, RPC, Token-based approach or others. Result: In this paper we provide an overview of MixNet approaches and presented a survey on MixNet based techniques and different models. We also constructed the comparison tables as per our requirements for better understanding. For this purpose, we found a total of 120 articles related to the MixNet published between 1990 and 2018 from the most relevant scientific resources. However, only 86 papers were analyzed due to comprehensiveness and relevancy to this article. Conclusion: Focused on the security and privacy of communication and how it can be achieved. This survey also reveals research progress and research gap on MixNet.

Conclusions and Future Directions for the Study of Accurate Personality Judgment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tera D. Letzring
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Personality Judgment ◽  
Exciting Time ◽  
And Training

This chapter identifies several well-established findings and overarching themes within personality trait accuracy research, and highlights especially promising directions for future research. Topics include (1) theoretical frameworks for accuracy, (2) moderators of accuracy and the context or situation in which judgments are made, (3) the important consequences of accuracy, (4) interventions and training programs to increase judgmental ability and judgability, (5) the generalizability of previous findings, and (6) standardized tests of the accuracy of judging personality traits. The chapter ends by stating that it is an exciting time to be a researcher studying the accuracy of personality trait judgments.

The primacy of morality in impression development: Theory, research, and future directions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Brambilla ◽  
Simona Sacchi ◽  
Patrice Rusconi ◽  
Geoffrey P. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Development Theory ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Theory Research

scholarly journals A comprehensive review of the influences of nanoparticles as a fuel additive in an internal combustion engine (ICE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1326-1349
Author(s):  
Siti Nurul Akmal Yusof ◽  
Nor Azwadi Che Sidik ◽  
Yutaka Asako ◽  
Wan Mohd. Arif Aziz Japar ◽  
Saiful Bahri Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Research Findings

Abstract Nanofluid is a colloidal mixture consisting of nano-sized particles dispersed in a liquid medium. It improves heat transfer properties and promotes high energy efficiency in a wide spectrum of engineering applications. In recent years, particularly in the automotive industry, the addition of nanofluid in diesel/biodiesel as an additive for ICE has become an attractive approach to promote enhanced combustion efficiency and emission reduction due to their superior thermophysical properties. Many researchers have previously demonstrated that the addition of nanoparticles in diesel/biodiesel fuel improved the overall engine combustion characteristics. As a whole, this study aims to summarize the recent research findings related to the effect of nanoparticles on the fuel properties and engine combustion efficiency. Furthermore, different types of additive blended with varying fuel properties are also compared and discussed. Lastly, the advantages and prospects of using nanofluid as an additive fuel are summarized for future research opportunities.

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