Examination of Physical Activity in Adolescents Over the School Year

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Bruner ◽  
Karen E. Chad ◽  
Jodie A. Beattie-Flath ◽  
M. Louise Humbert ◽  
Tanya C. Verrall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
School Year ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
And Gender

This study monitored the physical activity behavior of adolescent students over a ten month school year. Physical activity was assessed at two month intervals using selfreport and objective (Actical accelerometers) measures. Self-report results (n = 547) indicated a decline in physical activity throughout the school year for all grades and genders. The decline was attributed largely to a decrease in organized activity participation. Objective physical activity results (n = 40) revealed a significant decline in activity in the latter half of the school year (February to June). Declining physical activity was attributed to a decrease in vigorous activity which was consistent across grade and gender. Collectively, the results highlight the importance of promoting consistent opportunities for adolescents to be active throughout the school year.

scholarly journals Lutein Intake and Blood Lutein Concentration Are Positively Associated with Physical Activity in Adults: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeline Cooke ◽  
Alison Coates ◽  
Elizabeth Buckley ◽  
Jonathan Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Concentration ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Measure Of Association ◽  
The Relationship

Lutein is a carotenoid that reduces the risk of some chronic diseases, possibly by altering physical activity behavior. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies examining the relationship between lutein status (dietary intake/blood concentration) and physical activity. Peer-reviewed studies published in Medline, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, and Embase were included if they reported a measure of association between lutein status and physical activity. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. Eleven reported positive associations, three reported mixed results, and three reported no association. Two studies used objective measures of lutein status (blood concentration) and physical activity (accelerometry) and reported positive associations, with correlations of ≥0.36 and differences of ≥57% in physical activity between upper and lower tertiles. Studies using self-report measures reported weaker correlations (r = 0.06 to 0.25), but still more physical activity (18% to ≥600% higher) in those with the highest compared with the lowest lutein status. Higher lutein status may be associated with higher levels of physical activity, which may contribute to a reduced risk of chronic disease.

Automatic Regulation Used in Sport and Exercise Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Rebar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Automatic Regulation ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Automatic Associations ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Sport And Exercise

Much of our sport and physical activity behavior is regulated by processes occurring outside of conscious awareness. In contrast, most sport and physical activity research focuses on processes that are easily accessible by conscious introspection. More and more, however, research is demonstrating that automatic regulation is instrumental to our understanding of how to get people to maintain a physically active lifestyle and how to get the most out of people’s sports performance potential. Automatic regulation is the influence on our thoughts and actions that result from the mental network of associations we use to make sense of the world around us. Habits are automatic associations of cues with behavioral responses. Automatic evaluations are automatic associations of cues as being good or bad. Automatic schemas are automatic associations of cues with actual or ideal self-identity. These processes have been assessed with implicit measures by making indirect inferences from self-report or response latency tasks. Emerging research demonstrates that automatic associations influence sport performance and physical activity behavior, but further work is still needed to establish which type of automatic regulation is responsible for these influences and how automatic regulation and reflective processes interact to impact movement.

Tracking of physical activity during middle school transition in Iranian adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 631-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvaneh Taymoori ◽  
Tanya R Berry ◽  
David R Lubans
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Interpersonal Influences ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Activity Behavior

Objective: The purpose of this longitudinal study was to examine changes in physical activity behavior, psychological factors and interpersonal influences associated with exercise behavior during the transition from secondary school to high school in Sanandaj, Iran. Design: Data were collected from students in 2006 ( N = 1,073), of whom 844 provided follow-up data in 2009. Setting: The students were in high school in 2009 (51% male) with a mean age of 16.42 ± 1.73 years. Method: Physical activity-related cognitions, interpersonal influences, and physical activity behavior were measured using self-report questionnaires. To assess the effects of time and sex on psychosocial factors, analysis of variances (ANOVAs) were conducted. The relative stability of physical activity psychosocial correlates from wave 1 through wave 2 was assessed using Pearson product-moment correlations. Results: There were significant differences according to sex across time for physical activity, psychological variables and interpersonal influences associated with exercise activities. The girls were less active than boys at both time points. Girls reported lower self-efficacy and perceived more barriers and fewer perceived benefits for physical activity over time. Interpersonal influences on activity were more stable for girls than boys. Conclusion: The results offer evidence for decreasing physical activity in boys and girls and sex differences in cognitive variables and interpersonal influences. This is important for understanding how to address the problem of physical inactivity among Iranian youth.

The Effect of Increasing Autonomy Through Choice on Young Children’s Physical Activity Behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel J. Sanders ◽  
Judith Juvancic-Heltzel ◽  
Megan L. Williamson ◽  
James N. Roemmich ◽  
Denise M. Feda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity

Background:Increasing autonomy by manipulating the choice of available physical activity options in a laboratory setting can increase physical activity in older children and adults. However, the effect of manipulating the number of physically active choices has yet to be examined in young children in a gymnasium environment.Methods:Twenty children (n = 10 girls, 6.1 ± 1.4 years old) individually participated in 2 [low choice (LC), high choice (HC)] free-choice activity conditions for 30 minutes in a 4360 square foot gymnasium. Children had access to 2 or 8 physical activity options in the LC and HC conditions, respectively. Physical activity behavior was measured via accelerometry.Results:Children’s 30-minute accelerometer counts increased (P < .03) from the LC (2675 ± 294 counts·min-1) to the HC (3224 ± 280 counts·min-1) condition.Conclusions:Providing greater autonomy through choice of a greater number of physically active options increased young children’s physical activity participation by 20.5%.

Parental Influences on Physical Activity in Children: An Exploration of Potential Mechanisms

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Welk ◽  
Kherrin Wood ◽  
Gina Morss
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Parental Influences ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity

This study examined the utility of a model to explain parental influence on children’s physical activity. Children (n = 994) from 3 elementary schools completed a survey with scales assessing physical activity, attraction to activity, perceived competence, and perceived parental influence. Self-report data on the physical activity levels of parents (n = 536) were also obtained to test the hypothesis that active parents may provide more encouragement and support for their children. The parental influence scales accounted for 20%, 26%, and 28% of the variance in physical activity, attraction to physical activity, and perceptions of competence, respectively. Correlations between parent and child levels of activity were low, but children of active parents had higher scores on the parental influence measures and psychosocial correlates than inactive parents. This study provides further confirmation of the important influence that parents exert on their child’s physical activity behavior.

Why do they do it? Assessing self-report physical activity behavior and quality of life in individuals with multiple sclerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 964-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly S Fasczewski ◽  
Sara M Rothberger ◽  
Diane L Gill
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
Activity Behavior

Physical activity has been shown to effectively aid multiple sclerosis symptom management; however, individuals with multiple sclerosis tend to be inactive physically. Developing effective, sustainable, physical activity interventions involves first understanding motivators for physical activity. Open-ended surveys exploring physical activity motivators were collected from 215 individuals with multiple sclerosis. Responses indicate that self-efficacy and internalized motivation derived from physical activity outcomes were motivators for physical activity, and physical activity was cited as increasing overall quality of life. Future physical activity interventions should incorporate methods for building self-efficacy for physical activity and focus on increasing awareness of the long-term physical benefits derived from physical activity.

Reliability and Validity of Physical Activity Instruments Used in Children and Youth with Physical Disabilities: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren White ◽  
Zlata Volfson ◽  
Guy Faulkner ◽  
Kelly Arbour-Nicitopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Activity Behavior

Research often characterizes children and youth with physical disabilities as less physically active than their typically developing peers. To inform the development and evaluation of future interventions, it is important to identify the most accurate methods for assessing physical activity behavior in this population. The objectives of this review were 1) to identify the self-report and objective instruments used to examine habitual physical activity behavior within this population and 2) to determine the reliability and validity of these instruments. Following a standardized protocol, a systematic review was conducted using six electronic databases and a range of search terms. Fifty studies (N = 2,613; Mage = 11.3 ± 2.6 years; 53% male) were included. Seven disability groups were examined, with the majority of studies focused on cerebral palsy (64%) and juvenile arthritis (20%). Poor to good reliablity and weak validity were found among the self-report instruments such as questionnaires and activity diaries. Good to excellent reliability and validity were established for the objective instruments such as activity monitors (e.g., accelerometers, pedometers). Further research is warranted among physical disability groups other than cerebral palsy, and in establishing reliability and validity of self-report physical activity instruments specific to these target groups.

Parental Influence on Children’s Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity Participation: An Expectancy-Value Approach

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill M. Dempsey ◽  
Jay C. Kimiecik ◽  
Thelma S. Horn
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Physical Activity Participation ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Task Orientation ◽  
Expectancy Value ◽  
Activity Behavior

This investigation examined parental influence on children’s moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) participation via an expectancy-value model that included parents’ behavior, parents’ beliefs about their children’s MVPA, and children’s beliefs about their MVPA. The influence of parents on their children’s MVPA was investigated via questionnaires tapping the belief systems of fourth- and fifth-grade children (n=71) and their parents (n=69). Self-reported MVPA was assessed for parents and children. Correlational analyses demonstrated a number of significant relationships between parents’ belief systems and children’s MVPA behavior and children’s belief systems and their physical activity participation. Based on hierarchical regression analyses, there was no evidence of a positive relationship between parents’ physical activity behavior (role modeling) and children’s physical activity behavior. Parents’ perceptions of their children’s MVPA competence was the only parent belief system variable related to children’s MVPA participation. In addition, children’s task orientation and expectancies significantly predicted their MVPA participation.

Source and Size of Emotional and Financial-Related Social Support Network on Physical Activity Behavior Among Older Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 776-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Loprinzi ◽  
Chelsea Joyner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Social Support Network ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Emotional Social Support

Objective:To examine the association of source of emotional- and financial-related social support and size of social support network on physical activity behavior among older adults.Methods:Data from the 1999–2006 NHANES were used (N = 5616; 60 to 85 yrs). Physical activity and emotional- and financial-related social support were assessed via self-report.Results:Older adults with perceived having emotional social support had a 41% increased odds of meeting physical activity guidelines (OR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.01–1.97). The only specific sources of social support that were associated with meeting physical activity guidelines was friend emotional support (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.01–1.41) and financial support (OR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.09–1.49). With regard to size of social support network, a dose-response relationship was observed. Compared with those with 0 close friends, those with 1 to 2, 3 to 4, 5, and 6+ close friends, respectively, had a 1.70-, 2.38-, 2.57-, and 2.71-fold increased odds of meeting physical activity guidelines. There was some evidence of gender- and age-specific associations between social support and physical activity.Conclusions:Emotional- and financial-related social support and size of social support network are associated with higher odds of meeting physical activity guidelines among older adults.

scholarly journals Test-retest Reliability of Physical Activity Behavior Questionnaire for Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Min-Haeng Cho
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Health Organizations ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Activity Recommendations

Background: There is a greater need than ever to assess daily physical activity more accurately and to monitor comprehensive trends in habitual physical activity to meet the physical activity recommendations of health organizations, such as the American Heart Association and the World Health Organization. Objective: The purpose of this study was to design a physical activity behavior questionnaire that reflected health organizations’ physical activity recommendations and to assess the questionnaire’s test-retest reliability. Methods: By using a quota sampling technique, 200 participants were selected to participate in the first survey, and 117 of them completed the second survey. All respondents were participating in recreational programs provided by the community centers (senior center, residential culture center, lifetime academy, and sports center). Participants ranged in age from 20 to 88 years old (M = 51.83, SD = 21.70). The test-retest repeatability was assessed using Cohen’s kappa statistics. Results: The kappa score showed good agreement for all items (frequency, intensity, duration, and overall length) related to aerobic, muscular strength, and flexibility activity. The reliability coefficient showed good to high internal consistency throughout. The alpha statistics was 0.658 for questions on flexibility activity participation, 0.666 for questions on aerobic activity participation, and 0.935 for questions on muscular activity participation. Conclusion: This paper made an important methodological contribution to the assessment of physical activity by showing good test-retest reliability and internal consistency properties for the measurements of physical activity that reflect health organizations’ recommendations for different dimensions, types, and domains of physical activity.

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