scholarly journals Social Support and Performance in a Golf-Putting Experiment

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Rees ◽  
Paul Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Perceived Support ◽  
Support Condition ◽  
Golf Putting ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Task Irrelevant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

This study examined the impact of a social support manipulation on performance. Participants with high and low levels of perceived support were randomly assigned to an experimental support or control condition, before completing a golf-putting task. Participants with high levels of perceived support performed at a higher level than those with low levels of perceived support. Participants in the support condition performed at a higher level than those in the control condition. A significant interaction was primarily attributable to the low perceived support participants in the support condition performing better than the low perceived support participants in the control condition. Participants in the support condition also experienced less frequent and distracting task-irrelevant thoughts compared with those in the control condition. These results suggest that experimentally manipulated support may lead to improvements in the performance of novices completing a golf-putting task, and that such support may be particularly important for those low in perceived support.

Entrepreneurs and Burnout. How Hardy Pesonality works in this process

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412199697
Author(s):  
Laura Quiun ◽  
Marta Herrero ◽  
Maria del Carmen Yeo Ayala ◽  
Bernardo Moreno-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background Considering the importance of entrepreneurship and the impact of burnout on workers’ health, this study aims to explore the presence of burnout in entrepreneurs and the interaction of hardy personality (HP) in this process. Method The sample included 255 Spanish entrepreneurs. Occupational factors, working hours, labour immersion, HP, burnout syndrome (i.e. Emotional exhaustion, Depersonalization and Lack of accomplishment) and burnout consequences were assessed. Results Descriptive analysis showed that entrepreneurs had low levels of occupational factors, burnout syndrome and consequences. Hierarchical regression exploratory results indicated that working hours, labour immersion, and Emotional exhaustion were the most relevant predictors of the consequences. Besides, mediation models with PROCESS macro (v.3.0) highlighted the indirect effect of occupational factors and showed that emotional exhaustion was the only component of burnout that mediated in between the predictors and the consequences. As well, HP moderated the relationship between occupational factors and emotional exhaustion. Conclusions Occupational factors are the main predictor of burnout in entrepreneurs and HP could prevent their effect on Emotional exhaustion. The results suggest the importance of training to promote HP for better health and performance of entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals An Alderfer perspective of the higher education restructuring in South Africa

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Arnolds
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Peer Relations ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The consequences of the restructuring of higher education in South Africa have not yet been thoroughly investigated. This study investigates the impact of the abovementioned restructuring on employee motivation (as measured by Alderfer’s ERG theory), organisational commitment and job performance. The results show that the respondents exhibit low levels of organisational commitment and low satisfaction with monetary remuneration and fringe benefits. The results, however, show high levels of satisfaction with growth factors, peer relations and performance intentions. These results are interpreted in the light of the multiple regression analyses conducted of the interrelationships among the variables. Opsomming Die nagevolge van die herkonstruksie van hër-onderwys in Suid-Afrika is nog nie deeglik ondersoek nie. Hierdie studie ondersoek die invloed wat bogenoemde rekonstruksie op die motivering (soos gemeet deur Alderfer se teorie), organisatories toegewydheid en werksprestasie van werknemers het. Die resultate toon dat die respondente lae vlakke van organisatoriese toegewydheid en lae tevredenheid ten opsigte van monetêre beloning en byvoordele tentoonstel. Die resultate toon egter hoë vlakke van tevredenheid in soverre groeifaktore, kollegiale verhoudinge en werkprestasievoornemens betref. Hierdie resultate word vertolk teen die agtergrond van veelvoudige regressie-analises wat op die inderlinge verwantskappe tussen die veranderlikes uitgevoer is.

scholarly journals Specialization and Performance: Evidence from NCAA 4 × 400 m Relay Times

Economies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Candon Johnson ◽  
Robert Schultz ◽  
Joshua C. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measure ◽  
Division I ◽  
Division Iii ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

This paper investigates the impact of having open 400 meter (400 m) runners on NCAA relay teams. Using data from 2012–2016 containing the top 100 4 × 400 m in each NCAA Division relay times for each year, it is found that more 400 m specialists lead to an increase in the overall performance of the team, measured by a decrease in relay times. The effect is examined across Division I–III NCAA track teams. The results are consistent across each division. We view this as a test of the role of specialization on performance. Using runners who specialize in 400 m races should increase overall team performance as long as specialization does not lead to an inefficient allocation of team human capital. An additional performance measure is used examining the difference between projected and actual relay times. Divisions I and II are found to perform better than projected with an increase in 400 m runners, but there is no effect found in Division III.

Family firms, family generation and performance: evidence from an emerging economy

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Badrul Muttakin ◽  
Arifur Khan ◽  
Nava Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Emerging Economy ◽  
Family Ownership ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generation Family ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of family ownership on firm performance. In particular the authors investigate whether family firms outperform non-family firms and whether first generation family firms perform better than second generation family firms in an emerging economy using Bangladesh as a case. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses a data set of 141 listed Bangladeshi non-financial companies for the period 2005-2009. The methodology is based on multivariate regression analysis. Findings – The result shows that family firms perform better than their non-family counterparts. The authors also find that family ownership has a positive impact on firm performance. The analysis further reveals intergenerational differences where family firms and performance are associated positively only when founder members act as CEOs or chairmen. However, when descendents serve as CEOs or chairmen family firms are associated with poorer firm performance. Originality/value – The authors extend the findings of previous studies that investigate the family ownership and firm performance relationship in developed economy settings, but neglected emerging economies. The study also informs the literature about the intergenerational impact of family firms on performance in an emerging market.

The Impact of Automation Reliability and Operator Fatigue on Performance and Reliance

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan W. Wohleber ◽  
Gloria L. Calhoun ◽  
Gregory J. Funke ◽  
Heath Ruff ◽  
C.-Y. Peter Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Task Engagement ◽  
Time On Task ◽  
Operator Fatigue ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Automated Decision Making ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multi Uav

Reliability of automation is known to influence operator reliance on automation. What is less understood is how the influence of reliability and the effects of operator fatigue might interact. The present study investigated the impact of automation reliability on accuracy and reliance and how this impact changes with level of fatigue during simulated multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operation. Participants ( N = 131) completed a two-hour simulated multi-UAV mission assisted by an automated decision making aid of either high or low reliability. A decrease in subjective task engagement and performance over time marked the induction of passive fatigue by the mission. Participants were more trusting in the high reliability condition than in the low reliability condition. Finally, reliance decreased with time at any reliability, but a significant interaction between reliability and time on task indicated that the decrease was of smaller magnitude when the automation was reliable.

Psychological Differentiation and Performance on Conditional Reasoning Tasks

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 935-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin W. Boss ◽  
Martin E. Amin
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Conditional Reasoning ◽  
Psychological Differentiation ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Reasoning Tasks ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Grade 8

The relationship between psychological differentiation and performance on three content types (concrete-plausible, concrete-implausible, symbolic) of conditional reasoning tasks was investigated. Using intelligence as a covariate, field-independent subjects ( n = 94) in Grade 8 performed significantly better than field-dependent subjects ( n = 121) on each type of content. A significant interaction was found. Greater differences between field-independent and field-dependent subjects were observed for concrete-implausible and symbolic contents than for concrete-plausible content.

scholarly journals International ownership and firm performance in Arab economies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4, Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 308-318
Author(s):  
Stefan Lutz ◽  
Karim Hegazy ◽  
Ehab K. A. Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed A. K. Basuony
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ownership Structures ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

This paper aims at filling existing research by examining the impact of corporate governance and ownership structure on firm performance using cross-sectional data from companies in the MENA region for the years 2009-2013. The results indicate that higher ownership concentration is associated with higher returns. Furthermore, firms with higher international ownership share tend to perform better than those with only local private and/or state ownership. The results suggest some prevalent features with respect to ownership and performance of firms in the MENA region. Due to the volatile social and business environment, these firms operate in, they may be particularly dependent on effective ownership structures and support which may be provided by international, institutional, and large shareholders.

scholarly journals Binary logistic regression to measure the impact of social support to ability for encounter problems (an applied study on the employees of princess Noura bint Abdul Rahman university)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 706-716
Author(s):  
Karima Ahmed El Sayed ◽  
Inas Abu Bakr Helal
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Information Support ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Effect Of Support ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to try to identify the extent to which the dual logistic regression model can be used to measure the impact of social support for individuals on the ability to face problems to verify the validity of the research hypotheses or not, taking into account the types of social support according to the research hypotheses Family support, support for friends, information support and performance support (finance, work, interaction between others), where a questionnaire was prepared to serve the purposes of the research and distributed to a sample of 814 employees of Princess Noura bint Abdul Rahman who are over the age of 18, Among the most important results reached is that the use of logistic regression to represent the impact of social support on the ability to face problems was successful and highly efficient, as the results of the research showed that the explanation variance in the logistic regression model in the impact of social support on the ability of people to face problems 76% which is an very good ratio Also, all the results of the statistical tests of the model of the effect of support on the ability of the sample members to face problems give very good results, as all the results were in agreement with the research hypotheses that were established.

scholarly journals Personalizes Social Support for non-dependent old persons decrease significantly caregivers’ burden: a longitudinal study of 876 old persons and their caregiver.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Arlotto ◽  
Stéphanie Gentile ◽  
Anne Claire Durand ◽  
Sylvie Bonin-Guillaume
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Meal Preparation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background. Informal care provided by family caregivers in old persons is associated to a high risk of burden and poor health status. This study aimed to analyze the impact of a Personalized Social Support (PSS) attributed to non-dependent old persons living in the community on caregiver burden, satisfaction and frailty. Methods. This non-interventional longitudinal study was performed in the south East area of in France: old persons asking for a PSS (>70 years old, with no disability and no severe chronic disease, living at home) and their caregiver were included with a 6-months follow up. Dyads were visited at home by social workers. Caregivers Burden has been assessed with Mini-Zarit and frailty status with FiND (Frail Non-Disable). Results. 876 dyads (old persons: female 77.6%, aged 82.2 ± 5.8 years old; caregivers: 64.5% female, 29% spouse, 61% children; 64% with frailty and 38% with high burden (high burden being significantly associated with frailty)) were eligible for a PSS. The follow-up was possible completed for 686 of them (78.3%). Among them, 569 PSS were financed, mainly: housekeeping and meal preparation. At follow-up, 53% of caregivers who had PSS experienced fewer difficulties in caring for their old person. Whether or not they received the PSS, 73% of the caregiver had a lower burden level, only 6% had a persistent high burden; 17% of them were less frail and 18% felt their health status was better than at the time of inclusion. 61,5% of caregivers who had PSS were totally satisfied. Conclusions. Our study highlight that the burden occurs also in non-dependent old person’s caregivers. Social support implementation for activity of daily living had a major impact on the burden but not on the caregiver frailty, which means that determinants of caregiver’s frailty are more complex and further studies are needed.

scholarly journals Ownership structure and performance: evidence from Portugal

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Inês Lisboa ◽  
José Paulo Esperança
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Small Dimension ◽  
Free Rider ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Free Rider Problem ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Evidence

This paper provides new evidence on the impact of ownership over performance in small dimension markets. Analyzing the Portuguese firms we confirm the monitoring effect. Unlike previous studies, we also confirm the expropriation effect to low levels of ownership concentration. These results suggest that the free rider problem between the manager and the principal is significant in countries with small financial markets

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document