Applied Sport Psychology and Persons with Mental Retardation

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl A. Travis ◽  
Michael L. Sachs
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Special Olympics ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
Sport Psychologist

One of the largest groups of persons with disabilities is that of persons with mental retardation. More than 1,000,000 athletes with mental retardation, for example, participate in Special Olympics each year. Sport psychology can help with performance enhancement as well as enhancing the quality of the sport experience for persons with mental retardation. Additionally, participation in exercise and sport can result in increased benefits such as enhanced self-esteem, self-reliance, and willingness to take risks. The literature in this area is reviewed, and extensive suggestions on working with athletes with mental retardation are offered. Due to the cognitive limitations that are one characteristic of persons with mental retardation, the sport psychologist faces particular challenges in providing sport psychology services for this population. A case study is provided to illustrate some of the challenges and rewards in working with athletes with mental retardation.

The Transition From Sport Psychology to Psychotherapy: The Journey of a Young Athlete Fighting Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. S1-36-S1-43
Author(s):  
Sara Biondi ◽  
Cristiana Conti ◽  
Emmanouil Georgiadis ◽  
Maurizio Bertollo
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Young Athlete ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Individual Zone ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Sport Psychologist ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Counseling Approach

The current case study reports an intervention with a young volleyball athlete who was diagnosed with cancer during his early sporting career. The athlete requested both performance-enhancement support and psychotherapeutic intervention (the latter during his illness) from his sport psychologist. The article explores the transition from sport psychology intervention, which started before the appearance of the disease, to psychotherapy and the reflections concerning this unique situation. The fluctuation of the athlete alongside the mental health continuum ranging from a normal (illness-free) state to a mental-illness state was taken into consideration. The theoretical framework adopted by the sport psychologist/psychotherapist consisted of the integration of different approaches: the psychobiosocial model of Individual Zone for Optimal Functioning and relational psychoanalysis, both oriented around the existentialism counseling approach. Reflections on the case include the changes of setting and the development of the relationship between the psychologist/psychotherapist and the athlete during the two intervention phases.

scholarly journals Orthodontic Treatment by Compensation of a Skeletal Class III Associated with Mandibular Laterognathy: Aesthetic Challenge and Therapeutic Occlusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Elhajoubi ◽  
Intissar Elidrissi ◽  
Asmae Bahoum ◽  
Fatima Zaoui ◽  
Mohammed Faouzi Azaroual
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Maxillary Premolars ◽  
Therapeutic Occlusion

Introduction: This case report describes compensatory orthodontic treatment in a young patient aged 13 years. She presented with a class III skeletal malocclusion associated with mandibular laterognathy. The patient's main reason for consultation was the anterior cross bite and the aesthetics of her smile.Materials and Methods: The chosen treatment was therefore an orthodontic camouflage with the extraction of the first mandibular premolars and the second maxillary premolars, in order to catch a correct anterior articular and restore a good occlusal relationship, however, the mandibular laterognathy was camouflaged by means of dental compensations and also by correcting the deviation of the incisors medians through a class III mechanics with good anchorage management.Results: After 24 months of treatment, an ideal overjet and overbite associated with a Class I canine and molar relationship, was obtained, associated with a perfect coincidence of the interincisor medians.Conclusion: Class III skeletal cases can often be treated either by orthodontic camouflage or surgery. In our case study, the treatment adopted was orthodontic camouflage with extractions. The results of the treatment were satisfactory and the occlusal objectives were achieved. The final harmonious smile pleased the patient and improved her self-esteem and quality of life.

scholarly journals Athlete–Coach Conflict and a Sport Psychologist Caught in the Middle: A Case Study of Consultancy During Athlete Preparation and Performance in Olympic Games Athletics

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Males ◽  
John H. Kerr ◽  
Joanne Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Elite Athlete ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Basic Performance ◽  
Sport Psychologist ◽  
And Performance

This case study examines the personal experiences of an elite athlete, coach, and sport psychology consultant (SPC) during the athlete’s preparation and performance in a recent Olympic Games. The qualitative research details how the consultancy process was affected by the athlete’s late admission of the deteriorating relationship with his coach. The concepts of closeness, commitment, complementarity, and co-orientation provided a theoretical perspective to the SPC’s interpretation of athlete performance and the interpersonal conflict that developed between athlete and coach. The basic performance demand model provided an applied perspective. The SPC’s commentary adopts a reflexive discursive style that also focuses on the SPC’s role in the consultancy process and the effectiveness of the performance demand model materials. Five important recommendations arise from the case study, and these might inform other SPCs’ future athlete–coach consultancies and interventions.

Systematically Reviewing the Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Enhanced Athletic Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Sappington ◽  
Kathryn Longshore
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Psychological Skills Training ◽  
Quality Of Research

The field of applied sport psychology has traditionally grounded its performance enhancement techniques in the cognitive-behavioral elements of psychological skills training. These interventions typically advocate for controlling one’s cognitive and emotional processes during performance. Mindfulness-based approaches, on the other hand, have recently been introduced and employed more frequently in an effort to encourage athletes to adopt a nonjudgmental acceptance of all thoughts and emotions. Like many applied interventions in sport psychology, however, the body of literature supporting the efficacy of mindfulness-based approaches for performance enhancement is limited, and few efforts have been made to draw evidence-based conclusions from the existing research. The current paper had the purpose of systematically reviewing research on mindfulness-based interventions with athletes to assess (a) the efficacy of these approaches in enhancing sport performance and (b) the methodological quality of research conducted thus far. A comprehensive search of relevant databases, including peer-reviewed and gray literature, yielded 19 total trials (six case studies, two qualitative studies, seven nonrandomized trials, and four randomized trials) in accordance with the inclusion criteria. An assessment tool was used to score studies on the quality of research methodology. While a review of this literature yielded preliminary support for the efficacy of mindfulness-based performance enhancement strategies, the body of research also shows a need for more methodologically rigorous trials.

Healthy Athletes Program as a chance for a good quality of life of persons with intellectual disability and their families in the context of health and pro-health activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Anna Nadolska ◽  
Piotr Bejster
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Health State ◽  
Special Olympics ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Families With Children

Abstract Background: One of the consequences of improperly extending the process of socialization is incorrect health education and thus, different structure of the behaviors associated with taking care of their own health. More difficult socio-economic situation of families with children with intellectual disabilities may not adequately protect the needs of family members (especially children’s) associated with health. Up to 1/3 of the cases of people with intellectual disabilities of poorer health state can result from lower socio-economic position (Emerson and Hatton, 2007). Educational failure, typical for families of children and young people with intellectual disabilities (especially mild) can result in the children not acquiring appropriate behaviors, important for health. If these behaviors are missing, consequently, can be expected to accelerate the deterioration of health. The health status of people with intellectual disabilities is worse than the state of health in the general population (Allerton, Welch, Emerson, 2011; Tample et al., 2006). The most serious consequence of the poorer health of people with intellectual disabilities is a higher mortality rate (Krahn et al, 2006). The average life expectancy of people with intellectual disabilities is 66 (excluding people with Down syndrome whose life expectancy is even shorter), and so more than 10 years shorter than of people. In so-called intellectual norm! Bearing in mind that access to the highest standard of health care for all people with disabilities is a law that was adopted on 13 December 2006 under the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Special Olympics Poland have taken the initiative leading to beneficial changes in quality of life for the players and their families in the context of health and modeling appropriate health behavior through the implementation of the Health Programme, which includes the two related projects: Healthy Athletes and Healthy Special Olympics Community.

The Sport Psychologist-Athlete Relationship: Implications for Training

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert J. Petitpas ◽  
Burt Giges ◽  
Steven J. Danish
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Exercise Psychology ◽  
Counseling Relationship ◽  
Client Relationship ◽  
Sport Psychologist ◽  
Training Strategies ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
Counseling Outcomes ◽  
And Training

The quality of the counseling relationship has proven to be the most significant factor in facilitating treatment adherence and positive counseling outcomes. The authors of the present article contend that the dynamics of the sport psychologist-athlete relationship are quite similar to those of counselor-client relationship. They offer suggestions for the training of sport and exercise psychology graduate students that borrow extensively from the research and training strategies used in counselor education. In particular, a possible interface between sport psychology and counseling psychology training and practice is suggested, a brief overview of research on the qualities of the counseling relationship is presented, and several training strategies are provided.

scholarly journals A DANÇA COMO INSTRUMENTO DE EMPODERAMENTO FEMININO APLICADA EM MULHERES PARTICIPANTES DA ASSOCIAÇÃO FAMÍLIA PELA VIDA-AFAVI, DA CIDADE DO CAPÃO DO LEÃO-RS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Neighborhood Association ◽  
The Social ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
The City ◽  
South Zone

The dance has been increasingly sought as a practice of alternative physical activity to improve the quality of life and valorization of self-esteem among other benefits. This work is a study conducted in a neighborhood association in the city of Capão do Leão-RS. The aim of this study was to investigate the benefits of dance related to quality of life, relating the empowerment of women when practicing dance. The research is of a qualitative nature, with a bibliographical character using a questionnaire as an instrument. The methodology of the case study conducted in the Associação Família Pela Vida (AFAVI) founded more than two years ago, is located in the city of Capão do Leão-RS, in the neighborhood Jardim América in the South zone of the state. In this space are provided activities for the community in general, among which we highlight the dance classes (rhythms) with a class of 22 women, these classes have the purpose of socialization, quality of life and integralization. According to the results it is concluded that these activities can really influence in the lives of these women valuing the social, emotional side and fighting the sedentarism in their daily life.

Performance Enhancement in Motocross: A Case Study of the Sport Science Team in Action

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Collins ◽  
Michael Doherty ◽  
Steven Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Sport Science ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Training ◽  
Applied Sport Psychology

Using an exemplar case study of an intervention completed in the sport of motocross, the authors attempt to demonstrate the advantages inherent in using integrated multidisciplinary approaches in the application of sport sciences to performance enhancement. The need for comprehensive, detailed, and well-planned interventions, which of necessity take time to both set up and implement, is also highlighted. In addition, the authors furnish examples of practical techniques that can be used to facilitate cognitive behavioral strategies in this type of sport. Implications for the preparation and training of applied sport psychology consultants are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Analysing the Expert Judgment of a Rehabilitation Counsellor: A Case Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Athanasou ◽  
Esther Kaufmann
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Expert Judgment ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Personal Relations ◽  
Properties Of Information

AbstractThis case study analysed the expert judgments of a rehabilitation counsellor. The counsellor was given 37 accident victims' self-ratings of health, energy, daily activities, self-esteem, personal relations, financial resources and living conditions. The accident victims also rated their own overall quality of life as poor or good. The expert was required to make judgments about whether the quality of life was poor or good in each case and matched the ratings of the accident victims in 64.8% of cases. The results suggest that under conditions of uncertainty and complexity an expert may be more accurate than chance but still fail to use the properties of information to their maximum advantage.

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