Weak magnetic fields alter stem cell–mediated growth

Biological systems are constantly exposed to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in the form of natural geomagnetic fields and EMFs emitted from technology. While strong magnetic fields are known to change chemical reaction rates and free radical concentrations, the debate remains about whether static weak magnetic fields (WMFs; <1 mT) also produce biological effects. Using the planarian regeneration model, we show that WMFs altered stem cell proliferation and subsequent differentiation via changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and downstream heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression. These data reveal that on the basis of field strength, WMF exposure can increase or decrease new tissue formation in vivo, suggesting WMFs as a potential therapeutic tool to manipulate mitotic activity.

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Primary physical mechanism of the biological effects of weak magnetic fields

BIOPHYSICS ◽

10.1134/s000635091601005x ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 170-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

V. N. Binhi

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Physical Mechanism ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Weak Magnetic Fields

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The Hyperfine Coupling Radical Pair Mechanism of Biological Effects on Weak Magnetic Fields

Asian Engineering Review ◽

10.20448/journal.508.2019.61.1.8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Jin-Hua Ouyang

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Hyperfine Coupling ◽

Radical Pair ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Radical Pair Mechanism ◽

Weak Magnetic Fields

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Magnetic Forces Enable Control of Biological Processes In Vivo

Journal of Applied Mechanics ◽

10.1115/1.4049331 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Gang Bao

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Magnetic Fields ◽

Viral Vector ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Neuron Activity ◽

Biological Functions ◽

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Magnetic Forces ◽

Drug Molecules

Abstract Similar to mechanical forces that can induce profound biological effects, magnetic fields can have a broad range of implications to biological systems, from magnetoreception that allows an organism to detect a magnetic field to perceive direction, altitude or location, to the use of heating induced by magnetic field for altering neuron activity. This review focuses on the application of magnetic forces generated by magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs), which can also provide imaging contrast and mechanical/thermal energy in response to an external magnetic field, a special feature that distinguishes MIONs from other nanomaterials. The magnetic properties of MIONs offer unique opportunities for enabling new biological functions under different magnetic fields. Here we describe the approaches of utilizing the forces generated by MIONs under applied magnetic field to enable new biological functions, including the targeting of drug molecules to a specific tissue, increasing vessel permeability for improving drug delivery, and activating a particular viral vector for spatial control of genome editing in vivo. The opportunities of using nanomagnets for a broad range of biomedical applications are briefly discussed.

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Mitochondria regulate Drosophila intestinal stem cell differentiation through FOXO

10.1101/2020.02.12.946194 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fan Zhang ◽

Mehdi Pirooznia ◽

Hong Xu

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Differentiation ◽

Stem Cell Differentiation ◽

Common Belief ◽

Atp Production ◽

Transport Chain ◽

Ros Accumulation ◽

Proliferation And Differentiation

AbstractStem cells often rely on glycolysis for energy production, and switching to oxidative phosphorylation is believed to be essential for their differentiation. To explore the link between mitochondrial respiration and stem cell differentiation, we genetically disrupted electron transport chain (ETC) complexes in the intestinal stem cells (ISCs) of Drosophila. We found that ISCs carrying impaired ETC proliferated much more slowly than normal, produced very few intestinal progenitors, or enteroblasts, and failed to differentiate into enterocytes or enteroendocrine cells. One of the main impediments to ISCs’ differentiation appeared to be abnormally elevated forkhead box O (FOXO) signaling in the ETC-deficient ISCs, as genetically suppressing the signaling pathway partially rescued the differentiation defect. Contrary to common belief, neither reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation nor adenosine triphosphate (ATP) reduction appeared to mediate the ETC mutant phenotype. Our results demonstrate that ETC is essential for Drosophila ISC proliferation and differentiation in vivo, and acts at least partially by repressing endogenous FOXO signaling. They also raise the possibility that ETC complexes have a role in stem cell differentiation beyond electron transfer and ATP production.

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Electric Relaxation Processes in Lipid-Bilayers after Exposure to Weak Magnetic Pulses

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2001-9-1025 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 56 (9-10) ◽

pp. 831-837 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexander Pazur

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Lipid Bilayers ◽

Lipid Membranes ◽

Magnetic Particles ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Electrical Conductance ◽

Relaxation Processes ◽

Magnetic Pulse ◽

Frequency Spectra ◽

Weak Magnetic Fields

AbstractBiological effects of weak magnetic fields are widespread, but poorly understood. Besides magnetic particles, which have been shown to be involved in only few cases, membranes are discussed as the site of perception. However, the mechanism is unknown. We have subjected pure lipid membranes to weak magnetic pulses, and found, that their electric properties are modified.Black lipid membranes were prepared from purified asolectin on a teflon septum separating electrically the two chambers of a teflon cuvette, using the technique of Mueller et al. (1962). Single magnetic pulses were applied for 10 μs, whose intensity could be varied from 0 to 100 G (0 to 10 mT) at the membrane. Directly after the pulse decay, the conductance of the bilayers was scanned with 10 periods of a 1 kHz triangle alternating voltage (eg. a measurement time window of 10 ms). Frequency spectra of the bilayer current rose by a frequency dependent factor ≤ 2 in a broad region around 80 kHz, when the amplitude of the preceding magnetic pulse was increased from 0 to 100 G. The data show, that weak magnetic fields can significantly change the electrical conductance of lipid films. The relaxation of electrons in a two-dimensional quantum state (“quantum hollow”) will be discussed as a possible origin of these effects.

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Analysis of biological effects and limits of exposure to weak magnetic fields

2010 Fifth International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability ◽

10.1109/iciafs.2010.5715697 ◽

2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D A Chathurika ◽

M F Peter ◽

N H Malka

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Weak Magnetic Fields

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Effects of weak magnetic fields on different phases of planarian regeneration

BIOPHYSICS ◽

10.1134/s0006350915010224 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 126-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. P. Tiras ◽

O. N. Petrova ◽

S. N. Myakisheva ◽

S. S. Popova ◽

K. B. Aslanidi

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Planarian Regeneration ◽

Weak Magnetic Fields

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Mechanism of Action of Extremely Low Frequency or Static Magnetic Fields on Cells: Role of Oxidative Activation of TRPM2

10.20944/preprints201901.0168.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Bernardo Mantovani

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Isolated Cells ◽

Static Magnetic Fields ◽

Calcium Dependent ◽

Weak Magnetic Fields ◽

Oxidative Activation

There have been a great number of investigations about the influence of weak magnetic fields on biological systems, such as isolated cells and whole organisms. This is also a subject of considerable medical concern since old epidemiologic observations have indicated a possible tumorigenic effect of these fields. Their mechanism of action, however, is not firmly established. A large number of biological effects of electromagnetic fields have been attributed either to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or to the entrance Ca2+ in the cell. A new biochemical pathway is proposed that covers these two possibilities: the primary effect of the magnetic field would be by the mechanism of radical pairs resulting in the production of ROS; these could activate the ion channels TRPM2 producing cellular inflow of Ca2+, which would induce the calcium dependent effects. Thus, a large number of biological effects observed up to the present could be explained.

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