scholarly journals Oxygen supersaturation protects coastal marine fauna from ocean warming

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. eaax1814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Folco Giomi ◽  
Alberto Barausse ◽  
Carlos M. Duarte ◽  
Jenny Booth ◽  
Susana Agusti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
Ocean Warming ◽  
Metabolic Demand ◽  
Coastal Habitats ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Diel Cycles ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Mechanistic Basis ◽  
Animal Metabolism

Ocean warming affects the life history and fitness of marine organisms by, among others, increasing animal metabolism and reducing oxygen availability. In coastal habitats, animals live in close association with photosynthetic organisms whose oxygen supply supports metabolic demands and may compensate for acute warming. Using a unique high-frequency monitoring dataset, we show that oxygen supersaturation resulting from photosynthesis closely parallels sea temperature rise during diel cycles in Red Sea coastal habitats. We experimentally demonstrate that oxygen supersaturation extends the survival to more extreme temperatures of six species from four phyla. We clarify the mechanistic basis of the extended thermal tolerance by showing that hyperoxia fulfills the increased metabolic demand at high temperatures. By modeling 1 year of water temperatures and oxygen concentrations, we predict that oxygen supersaturation from photosynthetic activity invariably fuels peak animal metabolic demand, representing an underestimated factor of resistance and resilience to ocean warming in ectotherms.

scholarly journals The seascape nursery: a novel spatial approach to identify and manage nurseries for coastal marine fauna

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Nagelkerken ◽  
Marcus Sheaves ◽  
Ronald Baker ◽  
Rod M Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Spatial Approach

scholarly journals Ocean warming increases availability of crustacean prey via riskier behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Marangon ◽  
Silvan U Goldenberg ◽  
Ivan Nagelkerken
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Ocean Warming ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Metabolic Demand ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Time Periods

Abstract Marine prey and predators will respond to future climate through physiological and behavioral adjustments. However, our understanding of how such direct effects may shift the outcome of predator–prey interactions is still limited. Here, we investigate the effects of ocean warming and acidification on foraging behavior and biomass of a common prey (shrimps, Palaemon spp.) tested in large mesocosms harboring natural resources and habitats. Acidification did not alter foraging behavior in prey. Under warming, however, prey showed riskier behavior by foraging more actively and for longer time periods, even in the presence of a live predator. No effects of longer-term exposure to climate stressors were detected on prey biomass. Our findings suggest that ocean warming may increase the availability of some prey to predators via a behavioral pathway (i.e., increased risk-taking by prey), likely by elevating metabolic demand of prey species.

Evaluation of an unmanned rotorcraft to monitor wintering waterbirds and coastal habitats in British Columbia, Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Drever ◽  
Dominique Chabot ◽  
Patrick D. O'Hara ◽  
Jeffrey D. Thomas ◽  
André Breault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Coastal Habitats ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Duck Species ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
Reliable Monitoring

The effective protection of coastal and estuarine habitats requires reliable monitoring information on their use by waterbirds, and the use of small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) may provide access to these habitats without disturbing birds. We evaluated the use of a rotary-wing UAS with a high-end consumer camera to identify and count wintering waterbirds at two coastal sites in British Columbia, Canada, in January 2015, and to map mudflat and marsh habitats. Photos of shorebirds, waterfowl, and seabird species were taken at varying altitudes, and disturbance of birds appeared minimal when the UAS was flown at heights ≥61 m. A ground resolution of ~1 cm/pixel was needed to discern plumage characteristics necessary to reliably identify birds. For some duck species, identification of females relied on body size or close association with a nearby male. Photographs were also used to derive accurate counts of shorebirds. For diving birds, accurate counts from photographs will require information on the proportion of birds on the water surface. Orthomosaics of coastal habitats were constructed with sufficient detail to assess ecological and geomorphological features. The UAS can therefore assist with bird species identification, population assessment, and characterization of habitat types.

Fertilization in a suite of coastal marine invertebrates from SE Australia is robust to near-future ocean warming and acidification

2010 ◽  
Vol 157 (9) ◽  
pp. 2061-2069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Byrne ◽  
Natalie A. Soars ◽  
Melanie A. Ho ◽  
Eunice Wong ◽  
David McElroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Ocean Warming ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Near Future

Impact of Phosphate Industry on Natural Radioactivity in Sediment, Seawater, and Coastal Marine Fauna of El Jadida Province, Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 04020064
Author(s):  
Laila Belahbib ◽  
Fatima Ezzahra Arhouni ◽  
Aziz Boukhair ◽  
Aafaf Essadaoui ◽  
Saad Ouakkas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Phosphate Industry ◽  
El Jadida

scholarly journals Feedback mechanisms stabilise degraded turf algal systems at a CO2 seep site

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben P. Harvey ◽  
Ro Allen ◽  
Sylvain Agostini ◽  
Linn J. Hoffmann ◽  
Koetsu Kon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Kelp Forests ◽  
Coastal Habitats ◽  
Turf Algae ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Human Value ◽  
Coastal Marine Ecosystems ◽  
And Function ◽  
Global And Local

AbstractHuman activities are rapidly changing the structure and function of coastal marine ecosystems. Large-scale replacement of kelp forests and coral reefs with turf algal mats is resulting in homogenous habitats that have less ecological and human value. Ocean acidification has strong potential to substantially favour turf algae growth, which led us to examine the mechanisms that stabilise turf algal states. Here we show that ocean acidification promotes turf algae over corals and macroalgae, mediating new habitat conditions that create stabilising feedback loops (altered physicochemical environment and microbial community, and an inhibition of recruitment) capable of locking turf systems in place. Such feedbacks help explain why degraded coastal habitats persist after being initially pushed past the tipping point by global and local anthropogenic stressors. An understanding of the mechanisms that stabilise degraded coastal habitats can be incorporated into adaptive management to better protect the contribution of coastal systems to human wellbeing.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Response of an Estuarine Nekton Community to Coastal Wetland Habitat Restoration

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13299
Author(s):  
Richard D. Mahoney ◽  
Jeffrey L. Beal ◽  
Dakota M. Lewis ◽  
Geoffrey S. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Secchi Depth ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Coastal Habitats ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Shoreline Stabilization ◽  
Nekton Communities

Globally coastal habitats are experiencing degradation and threatening the production of critical ecosystem services such as shoreline stabilization, water filtration, and nursery grounds for marine fauna. To combat the loss of these ecosystem services, resource managers are actively restoring coastal habitats. This study compares samples collected from non-restored sites, sites restored in 2011, and sites that underwent restoration in 2019. Restoration sites are impacted wetlands with high elevation mounds that were leveled to increase the areal extent of intertidal habitats, enabling the recruitment of intertidal flora and fauna. Fyke nets were used to sample nekton within the upper intertidal zone. To quantify restoration success, nekton abundance, biomass, diversity, and indicator species were quantified. Sites restored in 2011 had a greater abundance compared to non-restored sites. Common snook, clown gobies, silversides, juvenile mullet, and Gulf killifishes were indicator species at successfully restored sites, while salinity, site type, and Secchi depth played important roles in predicting abundance and diversity. These findings are consistent with recent studies suggesting it can take years to see quantifiable differences in nekton communities following habitat restoration. Additionally, this work provides new insight regarding the benefits of restoring coastal wetland elevation to maximize intertidal habitat, thereby positively impacting nekton communities.

scholarly journals Discovery of the fossil otter Enhydritherium terraenovae (Carnivora, Mammalia) in Mexico reconciles a palaeozoogeographic mystery

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 20170259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Jack Tseng ◽  
Adolfo Pacheco-Castro ◽  
Oscar Carranza-Castañeda ◽  
José Jorge Aranda-Gómez ◽  
Xiaoming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
Sea Otter ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
The North ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Great American Biotic Interchange ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Fossil Records

The North American fossil otter Enhydritherium terraenovae is thought to be partially convergent in ecological niche with the living sea otter Enhydra lutris , both having low-crowned crushing teeth and a close association with marine environments. Fossil records of Enhydritherium are found in mostly marginal marine deposits in California and Florida; despite presence of very rich records of fossil terrestrial mammals in contemporaneous localities inland, no Enhydritherium fossils are hitherto known in interior North America. Here we report the first occurrence of Enhydritherium outside of Florida and California, in a land-locked terrestrial mammal fauna of the upper Miocene deposits of Juchipila Basin, Zacatecas State, Mexico. This new occurrence of Enhydritherium is at least 200 km from the modern Pacific coastline, and nearly 600 km from the Gulf of Mexico. Besides providing further evidence that Enhydritherium was not dependent on coastal marine environments as originally interpreted, this discovery leads us to propose a new east-to-west dispersal route between the Florida and California Enhydritherium populations through central Mexico. The proximity of the fossil locality to nearby populations of modern neotropical otters Lontra longicaudis suggests that trans-Mexican freshwater corridors for vertebrate species in riparian habitats may have persisted for a prolonged period of time, pre-dating the Great American Biotic Interchange.

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