scholarly journals Sculpted grain boundaries in soft crystals

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. eaax9112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Li ◽  
José A. Martínez-González ◽  
Orlando Guzmán ◽  
Xuedan Ma ◽  
Kangho Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Lattice Orientation ◽  
Liquid Interfaces ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Adsorption Processes

Engineering the grain boundaries of crystalline materials represents an enduring challenge, particularly in the case of soft materials. Grain boundaries, however, can provide preferential sites for chemical reactions, adsorption processes, nucleation of phase transitions, and mechanical transformations. In this work, “soft heteroepitaxy” is used to exert precise control over the lattice orientation of three-dimensional liquid crystalline soft crystals, thereby granting the ability to sculpt the grain boundaries between them. Since these soft crystals are liquid-like in nature, the heteroepitaxy approach introduced here provides a clear strategy to accurately mold liquid-liquid interfaces in structured liquids with a hitherto unavailable level of precision.

Designing Chemically Selective Liquid Crystalline Materials that Respond to Oxidizing Gases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanqi Bao ◽  
Jake Gold ◽  
Tibor Szilvasi ◽  
Huaizhe Yu ◽  
Robert Twieg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Methods ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Materials ◽  
Chemically Selective ◽  
Kinetics Of

Computational methods can provide first-principles insights into the thermochemistry and kinetics of reactions at interfaces, but this capability has not been widely leveraged to design soft materials that respond selectively...

scholarly journals Spatially resolved mapping of phase transitions in liquid-crystalline materials by X-ray birefringence imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3005-3011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yating Zhou ◽  
Rhian Patterson ◽  
Benjamin A. Palmer ◽  
Gregory R. Edwards-Gau ◽  
Benson M. Kariuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Materials ◽  
Sensitive Method

X-ray Birefringence Imaging is shown to be a sensitive method for spatially resolved mapping of molecular orientations in liquid-crystalline materials.

On resolving fine periodic microstructures in the optical microscope

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
W.S. Putnam ◽  
C. Viney
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Normal Incidence ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Periodic Microstructures ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Materials

Many sheared liquid crystalline materials (fibers, films and moldings) exhibit a fine banded microstructure when observed in the polarized light microscope. In some cases, for example Kevlar® fiber, the periodicity is close to the resolution limit of even the highest numerical aperture objectives. The periodic microstructure reflects a non-uniform alignment of the constituent molecules, and consequently is an indication that the mechanical properties will be less than optimal. Thus it is necessary to obtain quality micrographs for characterization, which in turn requires that fine detail should contribute significantly to image formation.It is textbook knowledge that the resolution achievable with a given microscope objective (numerical aperture NA) and a given wavelength of light (λ) increases as the angle of incidence of light at the specimen surface is increased. Stated in terms of the Abbe resolution criterion, resolution improves from λ/NA to λ/2NA with increasing departure from normal incidence.

An Update on Recent Advances in Cubosome: A Novel Drug Delivery System

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhukar Garg ◽  
Anju Goyal ◽  
Sapna Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Novel Drug

: Cubosomes are highly stable nanostructured liquid crystalline dosage delivery form derived from amphiphilic lipids and polymer-based stabilizers converting it in a form of effective biocompatible carrier for the drug delivery. The delivery form comprised of bicontinuous lipid bilayers arranged in three dimensional honeycombs like structure provided with two internal aqueous channels for incorporation of number of biologically active ingredients. In contrast liposomes they provide large surface area for incorporation of different types of ingredients. Due to the distinct advantages of biocompatibility and thermodynamic stability, cubosomes have remained the first preference as method of choice in the sustained release, controlled release and targeted release dosage forms as new drug delivery system for the better release of the drugs. As lot of advancement in the new form of dosage form has bring the novel avenues in drug delivery mechanisms so it was matter of worth to compile the latest updates on the various aspects of mentioned therapeutic delivery system including its structure, routes of applications along with the potential applications to encapsulate variety drugs to serve health related benefits.

scholarly journals Crystal–liquid phase transitions in three-dimensional complex plasma under microgravity conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 946 ◽  
pp. 012144 ◽  
Author(s):  
V N Naumkin ◽  
A M Lipaev ◽  
V I Molotkov ◽  
D I Zhukhovitskii ◽  
A D Usachev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Complex Plasma ◽  
Microgravity Conditions

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structural Investigation of a Crystalline Uranyl Borosilicate

Inorganics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Kristen A. Pace ◽  
Vladislav V. Klepov ◽  
Mark D. Smith ◽  
Travis Williams ◽  
Gregory Morrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Waste Remediation ◽  
And Storage ◽  
X Ray Absorption

The relevance of multidimensional and porous crystalline materials to nuclear waste remediation and storage applications has motivated exploratory research focused on materials discovery of compounds, such as actinide mixed-oxoanion phases, which exhibit rich structural chemistry. The novel phase K1.8Na1.2[(UO2)BSi4O12] has been synthesized using hydrothermal methods, representing the first example of a uranyl borosilicate. The three-dimensional structure crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Cmce with lattice parameters a = 15.5471(19) Å, b = 14.3403(17) Å, c = 11.7315(15) Å, and V = 2615.5(6) Å3, and is composed of UO6 octahedra linked by [BSi4O12]5− chains to form a [(UO2)BSi4O12]3− framework. The synthesis method, structure, results of Raman, IR, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and thermal stability are discussed.

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