scholarly journals A thin, deformable, high-performance supercapacitor implant that can be biodegraded and bioabsorbed within an animal body

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. eabe3097
Author(s):  
Hongwei Sheng ◽  
Jingjing Zhou ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Yuhang He ◽  
Xuetao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Medical Electronics ◽  
Thin Structure ◽  
Shed Light

It has been an outstanding challenge to achieve implantable energy modules that are mechanically soft (compatible with soft organs and tissues), have compact form factors, and are biodegradable (present for a desired time frame to power biodegradable, implantable medical electronics). Here, we present a fully biodegradable and bioabsorbable high-performance supercapacitor implant, which is lightweight and has a thin structure, mechanical flexibility, tunable degradation duration, and biocompatibility. The supercapacitor with a high areal capacitance (112.5 mF cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2) and energy density (15.64 μWh cm−2) uses two-dimensional, amorphous molybdenum oxide (MoOx) flakes as electrodes, which are grown in situ on water-soluble Mo foil using a green electrochemical strategy. Biodegradation behaviors and biocompatibility of the associated materials and the supercapacitor implant are systematically studied. Demonstrations of a supercapacitor implant that powers several electronic devices and that is completely degraded after implantation and absorbed in rat body shed light on its potential uses.

scholarly journals Two-dimensional inorganic molecular crystals

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Han ◽  
Pu Huang ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Fakun Wang ◽  
Peng Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Molecular Crystals ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Growth Plane ◽  
Transmission Electron

Abstract Two-dimensional molecular crystals, consisting of zero-dimensional molecules, are very appealing due to their novel physical properties. However, they are mostly limited to organic molecules. The synthesis of inorganic version of two-dimensional molecular crystals is still a challenge due to the difficulties in controlling the crystal phase and growth plane. Here, we design a passivator-assisted vapor deposition method for the growth of two-dimensional Sb2O3 inorganic molecular crystals as thin as monolayer. The passivator can prevent the heterophase nucleation and suppress the growth of low-energy planes, and enable the molecule-by-molecule lateral growth along high-energy planes. Using Raman spectroscopy and in situ transmission electron microscopy, we show that the insulating α-phase of Sb2O3 flakes can be transformed into semiconducting β-phase under heat and electron-beam irradiation. Our findings can be extended to the controlled growth of other two-dimensional inorganic molecular crystals and open up opportunities for potential molecular electronic devices.

In situ synthesis of two-dimensional leaf-like Cu2ZnSnS4 plate arrays as a Pt-free counter electrode for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2793-2801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan-Long Chen ◽  
Ai-Chun Xu ◽  
Jie Tao ◽  
Hai-Jun Tao ◽  
Yi-Zhou Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Counter Electrode ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
In Situ Synthesis ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

Kesterite-structure Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) has been proved to be a high-performance Pt-free counter electrode (CE) material for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).

In Situ Laminated Separator Using Nitrogen–Sulfur Codoped Two-Dimensional Carbon Material to Anchor Polysulfides for High-Performance Li–S Batteries

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 3807-3816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Yang ◽  
Lei Zhong ◽  
Jiaxiang Qin ◽  
Junchen Liu ◽  
Min Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Two Dimensional

scholarly journals New In Situ Aerosol Hyperspectral Optical Measurements over 300–700 nm, Part 2: Extinction, Total Absorption, Water- and Methanol-soluble Absorption observed during the KORUS-OC cruise

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn E. Jordan ◽  
Ryan M. Stauffer ◽  
Brian T. Lamb ◽  
Michael Novak ◽  
Antonio Mannino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Single Scattering ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Total Absorption ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Aerosol Composition ◽  
Dimensional Mapping

Abstract. This two-part study explores hyperspectral (300–700 nm) aerosol optical measurements obtained from in situ sampling methods employed during the May–June 2016 Korea United States – Ocean Color (KORUS-OC) cruise conducted in concert with the broader air quality campaign (KORUS-AQ). Part 1 focused on the hyperspectral measurement of extinction coefficients (σext) using the recently developed in situ Spectral Aerosol Extinction (SpEx) instrument and showed that 2nd order polynomials provided a better fit to the measured spectra than power law fits. Two dimensional mapping of the 2nd order polynomial coefficients (a1,a2) was used to explore the information content of the spectra. Part 2 expands on that work by applying a similar analytical approach to filter-based measurements of aerosol hyperspectral total absorption (σabs) and soluble absorption from filters extracted either with deionized water (σDI-abs) or methanol (σMeOH-abs). As was found for σext, 2nd order polynomials provided a better fit to all three absorption spectra sets. Averaging the measured σext from Part 1 over the filter sampling intervals in this work, hyperspectral single scattering albedo (ω) was calculated. Water-soluble aerosol composition from the DI extracts was used to examine relationships with the various measured optical properties. In particular, both σDI-abs(365 nm) and σMeOH-abs(365 nm) were found to be best correlated with oxalate (C2O42−), but elevated soluble absorption was found from two chemically and optically distinct populations of aerosols. The more photochemically aged aerosols of those two groups exhibited partial spectra (i.e., the longer wavelengths of the spectral range were below detection) while the less-aged aerosol of the other group exhibited complete spectra across the wavelength range. The chromophores of these groups may have derived from different sources and/or atmospheric processes, such that photochemical age may have been only one factor contributing to the differences in the observed spectra. The differences in the spectral properties of these groups was evident in (a1,a2) maps. The results of the two-dimensional mapping shown in Parts 1 and 2 suggest that this spectral characterization may offer new methods to relate in situ aerosol optical properties to their chemical and microphysical characteristics. However, 2nd order polynomials did not fully capture the evident features in the σabs and ω spectra, suggesting additional spectral analyses such as peak fitting will yield additional information. It is anticipated that future studies examining in situ aerosol hyperspectral properties will not only improve our ability to use optical data to characterize aerosol physicochemical properties, but that such in situ tools will be needed to validate hyperspectral remote sensors planned for space-based observing platforms.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Ni(OH)2/Cu(OH)2 interwoven nanosheets in situ grown on Ni–Cu–P alloy plated cotton fabric for flexible high-performance energy storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 3358-3366
Author(s):  
Man Zhou ◽  
Zhihang Jin ◽  
Lifang Su ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Hong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
Wearable Electronic ◽  
Wearable Electronic Devices

Flexible Ni(OH)2/Cu(OH)2@Ni–Cu–P alloy coated on cotton fabric with high conductivity and excellent mechanical performance is available for future smart and wearable electronic devices.

scholarly journals Materials and processing approaches for foundry-compatible transient electronics

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (28) ◽  
pp. E5522-E5529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Kai Chang ◽  
Hui Fang ◽  
Christopher A. Bower ◽  
Enming Song ◽  
Xinge Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electronic Materials ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Cost Structures ◽  
Functional Capabilities

Foundry-based routes to transient silicon electronic devices have the potential to serve as the manufacturing basis for “green” electronic devices, biodegradable implants, hardware secure data storage systems, and unrecoverable remote devices. This article introduces materials and processing approaches that enable state-of-the-art silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) foundries to be leveraged for high-performance, water-soluble forms of electronics. The key elements are (i) collections of biodegradable electronic materials (e.g., silicon, tungsten, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide) and device architectures that are compatible with manufacturing procedures currently used in the integrated circuit industry, (ii) release schemes and transfer printing methods for integration of multiple ultrathin components formed in this way onto biodegradable polymer substrates, and (iii) planarization and metallization techniques to yield interconnected and fully functional systems. Various CMOS devices and circuit elements created in this fashion and detailed measurements of their electrical characteristics highlight the capabilities. Accelerated dissolution studies in aqueous environments reveal the chemical kinetics associated with the underlying transient behaviors. The results demonstrate the technical feasibility for using foundry-based routes to sophisticated forms of transient electronic devices, with functional capabilities and cost structures that could support diverse applications in the biomedical, military, industrial, and consumer industries.

Fabrication of Two-Dimensional PEDOT:PSS Nanosheets Through In Situ Formed Complexes

NANO ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Shiren Wang
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Molecular Complexes ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Ftir Characterization ◽  
Transmission Electron

This paper presents a simple and effective method to fabricate water-soluble two-dimensional (2D) conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) nanosheets. Linear PSS is water-soluble and exhibits a quasi 1D structure in the dilute solution. Addition of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomers into acidic solutions would form 2D molecular complexes due to charge attraction. In situ polymerization of the ethylenedioxythiophene monomers produces 2D poly EDOT nanosheets. Both transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy characterizations have confirmed the 2D polymeric nanosheets. Further Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) characterization also validated that the 2D nanosheet is composed of EDOT-based units and Raman spectroscopy indicated the strong interactions between ethylenedioxythiophene units in the 2D nanostructures. The electrical conductivity is measured to as high as 551.58 S/m for the thin film of as-produced 2D PEDOT:PSS nanosheets.

On the chemically-assisted excitonic enhancement in environmentally-friendly solution dispersions of two-dimensional MoS2 and WS2

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (22) ◽  
pp. 5323-5333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalal Fadil ◽  
Ridwan F. Hossain ◽  
Gustavo A. Saenz ◽  
Anupama B. Kaul
Keyword(s):  
Transport Properties ◽  
Electronic Transport ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Electronic Transport Properties

Terpineol leads to effective exfoliation and excitonic enhancement in solution dispersions of MoS2 and WS2, which also yields enhancement in electronic transport properties. Such dispersions are amenable to high-performance electronic and opto-electronic devices using manufacturable routes.

Dispersed Nanoelectrodes for High Performance Gas Sensors

2011 ◽  
Vol 1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Tricoli ◽  
S.E. Pratsinis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensors ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Effective Length ◽  
Film Resistance ◽  
Nanostructured Layer

ABSTRACTIntegration of nanoparticles in electronic devices such as sensors, actuators, batteries, solar and fuel cells is a key technological development for advancing their performance and miniaturization. Frequently, however, the benefit of nanoscale is lost by poor electrical conductivity through such nanoparticle structures. As a result, it is challenging to achieve both attractive conductivity and maximal performance by the device. Recently it was demonstrated that flame-made nanoparticles can be directly deposited onto substrates to form porous thick films of controlled thickness for application as gas sensors. The mechanical stability of FSP-deposited layers can be greatly increased by in situ annealing showing compatibility even with fragile CMOS-based substrates. Here, a novel asymmetric electrode assembly is described that greatly reduces the resistance of a nanostructured layer and maximizes its performance: Nanoparticles with tailored conductivity (e.g. Ag, CuO, Au) serving as electrodes are stochastically deposited by a scalable technique either below or above a functional (e.g. SnO2, TiO2, WO3) film decreasing the effective length of the resistive components. As the distance between electrodes is at the nanoscale, the total film resistance is drastically decreased. The feasibility of this assembly is demonstrated with solid state sensors having controlled resistance and exceptionally high sensitivity.

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