scholarly journals Disruption of paternal circadian rhythm affects metabolic health in male offspring via nongerm cell factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (22) ◽  
pp. eabg6424
Author(s):  
Maximilian Lassi ◽  
Archana Tomar ◽  
Gemma Comas-Armangué ◽  
Rebekka Vogtmann ◽  
Dorieke J. Dijkstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Circadian Disruption ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Parental Communication ◽  
In Utero Development ◽  
Offspring Health

Circadian rhythm synchronizes each body function with the environment and regulates physiology. Disruption of normal circadian rhythm alters organismal physiology and increases disease risk. Recent epidemiological data and studies in model organisms have shown that maternal circadian disruption is important for offspring health and adult phenotypes. Less is known about the role of paternal circadian rhythm for offspring health. Here, we disrupted circadian rhythm in male mice by night-restricted feeding and showed that paternal circadian disruption at conception is important for offspring feeding behavior, metabolic health, and oscillatory transcription. Mechanistically, our data suggest that the effect of paternal circadian disruption is not transferred to the offspring via the germ cells but initiated by corticosterone-based parental communication at conception and programmed during in utero development through a state of fetal growth restriction. These findings indicate paternal circadian health at conception as a newly identified determinant of offspring phenotypes.

scholarly journals Lipid Measures and Cardiovascular Disease Prediction

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diederik F. van Wijk ◽  
Erik S. G. Stroes ◽  
John J. P. Kastelein
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Recent Developments

Traditional lipid measures are the cornerstone of risk assessment and treatment goals in cardiovascular prevention. Whereas the association between total, LDL-, HDL-cholesterol and cardiovascular disease risk has been generally acknowledged, the rather poor capacity to distinguish between patients who will and those who will not develop cardiovascular disease has prompted the search for further refinement of these traditional measures. A thorough understanding of lipid metabolism is mandatory to understand recent developments in this area. After a brief overview of lipid metabolism we will discuss the epidemiological data of total, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol and focus on recent advances in measurements of these lipoproteins. In addition we will discuss the role of triglycerides and the apolipoprotein B–A-I ratio on the incidence of cardiovascular disease.

Bisphenol F exposure in adolescent heterogeneous stock (HS) rats affects growth and adiposity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie A Wagner ◽  
Karen C Clark ◽  
Leslie Carrillo-Sáenz ◽  
Katie A Holl ◽  
Miriam Velez-Bermudez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Heterogeneous Stock ◽  
Bisphenol F ◽  
Metabolizing Enzyme

Abstract Bisphenol F (BPF) is increasingly substituting bisphenol A (BPA) in manufacturing polycarbonates and consumer products. The cardiometabolic effects of BPF in either humans or model organisms are not clear, and no studies to date have investigated the role of genetic background on susceptibility to BPF-induced cardiometabolic traits. The primary goal of this project was to determine if BPF exposure influences growth and adiposity in male N: NIH Heterogeneous Stock (HS) rats, a genetically heterogeneous population. Littermate pairs of male HS rats were randomly exposed to either vehicle (0.1% Ethanol) or 1.125 µg/ml BPF in 0.1% Ethanol for five weeks in drinking water starting at three weeks-of-age. Water consumption and body weight was measured weekly, body composition was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), urine and feces were collected in metabolic cages, and blood and tissues were collected at the end of the study. BPF-exposed rats showed significantly increased body growth and abdominal adiposity, risk factors for cardiometabolic disease. Urine output was increased in BPF-exposed rats, driving a trend in increased creatinine clearance. We also report the first relationship between a bisphenol metabolizing enzyme and a bisphenol-induced phenotype. Preliminary heritability estimates of significant phenotypes suggest that BPF exposure may alter trait variation. These findings support BPF exposure as a cardiometabolic disease risk factor and indicate that the HS rat will be a useful model for dissecting gene by BPF interactions on metabolic health.

The Possible Role of Prolactin in the Circadian Rhythm of Leptin Secretion in Male Rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 224 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Mastronardi ◽  
A. Walczewska ◽  
W. H. Yu ◽  
S. Karanth ◽  
A. F. Parlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Male Rats

The Role of Race in Relations of Social Support to Hippocampal Volumes Among Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 016402752110172
Author(s):  
Desirée C. Bygrave ◽  
Constance S. Gerassimakis ◽  
Denée T. Mwendwa ◽  
Guray Erus ◽  
Christos Davatzikos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Brain Pathology ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
African American Older Adults

Evidence suggests social support may buffer brain pathology. However, neither its association with hippocampal volume, a marker of Alzheimer’s disease risk, nor the role of race in this association has been fully investigated. Multiple regression analyses examined relations of total social support to magnetic resonance imaging-assessed gray matter (GM) hippocampal volumes in the total sample ( n = 165; mean age = 68.48 year), and in race-stratified models of African American and White older adults, adjusting for select covariates. Results showed greater social support was associated with greater GM hippocampal volumes among African American older adults only ( p < .01). Our findings suggest greater total social support may play a role in supporting the hippocampus, particularly among African American older adults, who had lower hippocampal volumes than their White counterparts. Further research is needed to test these questions longitudinally and examine which aspects of social support may promote hippocampal integrity, specifically.

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