scholarly journals The human IgG anti-carbohydrate repertoire exhibits a universal architecture and contains specificity for microbial attachment sites

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (269) ◽  
pp. 269ra1-269ra1 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Schneider ◽  
D. F. Smith ◽  
R. D. Cummings ◽  
K. F. Boligan ◽  
R. G. Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Igg ◽  
Attachment Sites ◽  
Microbial Attachment

Morphology of muscle attachment sites and microarhitecture of underlying bone as the markers of physical activities of past populations

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ksenija Djukic ◽  
Petar Milovanovic ◽  
Michael Hahn ◽  
Bjoern Busse ◽  
Michael Amling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activities ◽  
Muscle Attachment ◽  
Attachment Sites ◽  
Muscle Attachment Sites

scholarly journals Bilin attachment sites in the alpha and beta subunits of B-phycoerythrin. Structural studies on the singly linked phycoerythrobilins.

1984 ◽  
Vol 259 (9) ◽  
pp. 5485-5489 ◽  
Author(s):  
R W Schoenleber ◽  
D J Lundell ◽  
A N Glazer ◽  
H Rapoport
Keyword(s):  
Beta Subunits ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Attachment Sites

scholarly journals Pharmaceutical immunoglobulin G impairs anti-carcinoma activity of oxaliplatin in colon cancer cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuru Shang ◽  
Xianbin Zhang ◽  
Lili Lu ◽  
Ke Jiang ◽  
Mathias Krohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Human Igg ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Igg Receptors

Abstract Background Recent evidence proves that intravenous human immunoglobulin G (IgG) can impair cancer cell viability. However, no study evaluated whether IgG application benefits cancer patients receiving chemotherapeutics. Methods Influence of pharmaceutical-grade human IgG on the viability of a series of patient-derived colon cancer cell lines with and without chemotherapeutic intervention was determined. Cell death was analysed flow cytometrically. In addition, the influence of oxaliplatin and IgG on the ERK1/2-signalling pathway was evaluated by western blots. Results We evaluated the effects of pharmaceutical IgG, such as PRIVIGEN® IgG and Tonglu® IgG, in combination with chemotherapeutics. We did not observe any significant effects of IgG on tumour cell viability directly; however, human IgG significantly impaired the anti-tumoral effects of oxaliplatin. Primary cancer cell lines express IgG receptors and accumulate human IgG intracellularly. Moreover, while oxaliplatin induced the activation of ERK1/2, the pharmaceutical IgG inhibited ERK1/2 activity. Conclusions The present study demonstrates that pharmaceutical IgG, such as PRIVIGEN® IgG and Tonglu® IgG, can impair the anti-carcinoma activity of oxaliplatin. These data strongly suggest that therapeutic IgG as co-medication might have harmful side effects in cancer patients. The clinical significance of these preclinical observations absolutely advises further preclinical, as well as epidemiological and clinical research.

scholarly journals Medial collateral ligament reconstruction graft isometry is effected by femoral position more than tibial position

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Kittl ◽  
James Robinson ◽  
Michael J. Raschke ◽  
Arne Olbrich ◽  
Andre Frank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medial Collateral Ligament ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Length Change ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Complex Behaviour ◽  
Femoral Attachment ◽  
Attachment Sites ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Length Changes ◽  
Graft Length

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the length change patterns of the native medial structures of the knee and determine the effect on graft length change patterns for different tibial and femoral attachment points for previously described medial reconstructions. Methods Eight cadaveric knee specimens were prepared by removing the skin and subcutaneous fat. The sartorius fascia was divided to allow clear identification of the medial ligamentous structures. Knees were then mounted in a custom-made rig and the quadriceps muscle and the iliotibial tract were loaded, using cables and hanging weights. Threads were mounted between tibial and femoral pins positioned in the anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the attachment sites of the native superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) and posterior oblique ligament (POL). Pins were also placed at the attachment sites relating to two commonly used medial reconstructions (Bosworth/Lind and LaPrade). Length changes between the tibiofemoral pin combinations were measured using a rotary encoder as the knee was flexed through an arc of 0–120°. Results With knee flexion, the anterior fibres of the sMCL tightened (increased in length 7.4% ± 2.9%) whilst the posterior fibres slackened (decreased in length 8.3% ± 3.1%). All fibre regions of the POL displayed a uniform lengthening of approximately 25% between 0 and 120° knee flexion. The most isometric tibiofemoral combination was between pins placed representing the middle fibres of the sMCL (Length change = 5.4% ± 2.1% with knee flexion). The simulated sMCL reconstruction that produced the least length change was the Lind/Bosworth reconstruction with the tibial attachment at the insertion of the semitendinosus and the femoral attachment in the posterior part of the native sMCL attachment side (5.4 ± 2.2%). This appeared more isometric than using the attachment positions described for the LaPrade reconstruction (10.0 ± 4.8%). Conclusion The complex behaviour of the native MCL could not be imitated by a single point-to-point combination and surgeons should be aware that small changes in the femoral MCL graft attachment position will significantly effect graft length change patterns. Reconstructing the sMCL with a semitendinosus autograft, left attached distally to its tibial insertion, would appear to have a minimal effect on length change compared to detaching it and using the native tibial attachment site. A POL graft must always be tensioned near extension to avoid capturing the knee or graft failure.

scholarly journals Superhydrophobic Nanocoatings as Intervention against Biofilm-Associated Bacterial Infections

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1046
Author(s):  
Yinghan Chan ◽  
Xun Hui Wu ◽  
Buong Woei Chieng ◽  
Nor Azowa Ibrahim ◽  
Yoon Yee Then
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Antimicrobial Interventions ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Microbial Attachment

Biofilm formation represents a significant cause of concern as it has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality, thereby imposing a huge burden on public healthcare system throughout the world. As biofilms are usually resistant to various conventional antimicrobial interventions, they may result in severe and persistent infections, which necessitates the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat biofilm-based infections. Physicochemical modification of the biomaterials utilized in medical devices to mitigate initial microbial attachment has been proposed as a promising strategy in combating polymicrobial infections, as the adhesion of microorganisms is typically the first step for the formation of biofilms. For instance, superhydrophobic surfaces have been shown to possess substantial anti-biofilm properties attributed to the presence of nanostructures. In this article, we provide an insight into the mechanisms underlying biofilm formation and their composition, as well as the applications of nanomaterials as superhydrophobic nanocoatings for the development of novel anti-biofilm therapies.

Specific cleavage sites on human IgG subclasses by cruzipain, the major cysteine proteinase from Trypanosoma cruzi

2003 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Berasain ◽  
Carlos Carmona ◽  
Blas Frangione ◽  
Juan José Cazzulo ◽  
Fernando Goñi
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Cysteine Proteinase ◽  
Igg Subclasses ◽  
Cleavage Sites ◽  
Human Igg
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