scholarly journals Molecular Ecology of Listeria monocytogenes: Evidence for a Reservoir in Milking Equipment on a Dairy Farm

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1315-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra A. Latorre ◽  
Jo Ann S. Van Kessel ◽  
Jeffrey S. Karns ◽  
Michael J. Zurakowski ◽  
Abani K. Pradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Molecular Ecology ◽  
New York State ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Tank

ABSTRACT A longitudinal study aimed to detect Listeria monocytogenes on a New York State dairy farm was conducted between February 2004 and July 2007. Fecal samples were collected every 6 months from all lactating cows. Approximately 20 environmental samples were obtained every 3 months. Bulk tank milk samples and in-line milk filter samples were obtained weekly. Samples from milking equipment and the milking parlor environment were obtained in May 2007. Fifty-one of 715 fecal samples (7.1%) and 22 of 303 environmental samples (7.3%) were positive for L. monocytogenes. A total of 73 of 108 in-line milk filter samples (67.6%) and 34 of 172 bulk tank milk samples (19.7%) were positive for L. monocytogenes. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from 6 of 40 (15%) sampling sites in the milking parlor and milking equipment. In-line milk filter samples had a greater proportion of L. monocytogenes than did bulk tank milk samples (P < 0.05) and samples from other sources (P < 0.05). The proportion of L. monocytogenes-positive samples was greater among bulk tank milk samples than among fecal or environmental samples (P < 0.05). Analysis of 60 isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) yielded 23 PFGE types after digestion with AscI and ApaI endonucleases. Three PFGE types of L. monocytogenes were repeatedly found in longitudinally collected samples from bulk tank milk and in-line milk filters.

scholarly journals Increased In Vitro Adherence and On-Farm Persistence of Predominant and Persistent Listeria monocytogenes Strains in the Milking System

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 3676-3684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra A. Latorre ◽  
Jo Ann S. Van Kessel ◽  
Jeffrey S. Karns ◽  
Michael J. Zurakowski ◽  
Abani K. Pradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
High Level ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Adherence Ability

ABSTRACTDairy farms are a reservoir forListeria monocytogenes, and the reduction of this pathogen at the farm level is important for reducing human exposure. The objectives of this research were to study the diversity ofL. monocytogenesstrains on a single dairy farm, assess strain dynamics within the farm, identify potential sources ofL. monocytogenesin bulk tank milk and milk filters, and assess the adherence abilities of representative strains. A total of 248L. monocytogenesisolates were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Combined AscI and ApaI restriction analysis yielded 40 PFGE types (strains). The most predominant strains were T (28.6%), D (22.6%), and F (14.9%). A high level of heterogeneity of strains among isolates from fecal (Simpson's index of diversity [SID] = 0.96) and environmental (SID = 0.96) samples was observed. A higher homogeneity of strains was observed among isolates from milk filters (SID = 0.71) and bulk tank milk (SID = 0.65). Six of 17L. monocytogenesisolates (35.3%) were classified in anin vitroassay as having a “low adherence ability,” 9 (52.9%) were classified as having a “medium adherence ability,” and 2 (11.8%) were classified as having a “high adherence ability.” TheL. monocytogenesstrains that were predominant and persistent showed significantly better adherence than did strains that were only sporadic, predominant, or persistent (P= 0.0006). Our results suggest that the milking system was exposed to severalL. monocytogenesstrains from different sources. Only 3 strains, however, were successful in persisting within the milking system, suggesting that some strains are more suitable to that particular ecological environment than others.

Prevalence of Listeria Spp. and Listeria Monocytogenes in Cattle Farms in Cyprus using Bulk Tank Milk Samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Botsaris ◽  
Kyriaki Nikolaou ◽  
Maria Liapi ◽  
Christodoulos Pipis
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
Cattle Farms

Mastitis-Causing Streptococci Are Important Contributors to Bacterial Counts in Raw Bulk Tank Milk

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2644-2650 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. ZADOKS ◽  
R. N. GONZÁLEZ ◽  
K. J. BOOR ◽  
Y. H. SCHUKKEN
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
York State ◽  
Bulk Tank

The objective of this study was to probe the contribution of streptococci to the microbial quality of raw milk. Over a 5-month period, bulk tank milk samples from 48 New York State dairy farms were analyzed qualitatively for bacterial ecology and quantitatively for total bacterial, streptococcal, staphylococcal, and gram-negative bacterial counts. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the contribution of differential counts to total bacterial counts. Streptococci, staphylococci, and gram-negative bacteria accounted for 69, 3, and 3% of total bacterial count variability, respectively. Randomly selected Streptococcus isolates from each bulk tank milk sample were identified to species by means of the API 20 STREP identification system. The most commonly identified streptococcal species were Streptococcus uberis, Aerococcus viridans, and Streptococcus agalactiae, which were detected in 81, 50, and 31% of 48 bulk tank samples, respectively. For five herds, S. uberis isolates from bulk tank milk and individual cows were characterized by PvuII ribotyping. A farm-specific dominant ribotype was found in each bulk tank sample, and that ribotype was isolated from at least one cow within each herd of origin. Bacteriological and strain typing data indicate that control of streptococci, specifically mastitis-causing species, is important for improvement of the microbial quality of raw milk in New York State.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Bulk Tank Milk and Fecal Samples from Cull Cows: A 12-Month Survey of Dairy Farms in East Tennessee

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. MURINDA ◽  
L. T. NGUYEN ◽  
S. J. IVEY ◽  
B. E. GILLESPIE ◽  
R. A. ALMEIDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Macconkey Agar ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Tank

A study on the prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 was conducted on 30 dairy farms in east Tennessee between May 2000 and April 2001. This pathogen was isolated from 8 of 30 (26.7%) dairy farms at various sampling times. A total of 415 fecal samples from cull dairy cows and 268 bulk tank milk samples were analyzed. Overall, 10 of 683 (1.46%) samples (2 of 268 [0.75%] milk samples and 8 of 415 [1.93%] fecal samples) tested positive for E. coli O157:H7. Food and Drug Administration Bacteriological Analytical Manual protocols were used for the conventional isolation and confirmation of E. coli O157:H7. Samples were shake cultured (150 rpm) at 42°C for 24 h in tryptic soy broth containing 2 mg of novobiocin per liter. White colonies isolated on cefixime-tellurite sorbitol MacConkey agar plates were evaluated for fluorescence on sorbitol MacConkey agar supplemented with 0.025 g of methylumbelliferyl-β-d-glucuronide per liter. Nonfluorescing white colonies were biochemically typed and serologically confirmed. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction profiles of E. coli O157: H7 isolates indicated the presence of common virulence factors (Shiga toxin, enterohemolysin, and intimin) of Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, suggesting the potential human pathogenicity of bacterial isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of SpeI and XbaI restriction enzyme–digested genomic DNA were used to establish relatedness among bacterial isolates. Data from this study indicate that both cull dairy cows and bulk tank milk pose a potential hazard with regard to human foodborne illness. It is therefore imperative to develop on-farm and preharvest pathogen reduction programs to control the carriage of E. coli O157:H7 pathogens.

scholarly journals Biofilm in milking equipment on a dairy farm as a potential source of bulk tank milk contamination with Listeria monocytogenes

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 2792-2802 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Latorre ◽  
J.S. Van Kessel ◽  
J.S. Karns ◽  
M.J. Zurakowski ◽  
A.K. Pradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Milk Contamination ◽  
Bulk Tank

Occurrence and characterization of ciprofloxacin‐resistant Escherichia coli from bovine and ovine bulk tank milk samples in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cemil Kürekci ◽  
Muhsin Aydın ◽  
İbrahim Ozan Tekeli ◽  
Pınar Ambarcıoğlu ◽  
Seydi Ahmet Şengül ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Tank

scholarly journals Prevalence of Salmonellae, Listeria monocytogenes, and Fecal Coliforms in Bulk Tank Milk on US Dairies

2004 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 2822-2830 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Van Kessel ◽  
J.S. Karns ◽  
L. Gorski ◽  
B.J. McCluskey ◽  
M.L. Perdue
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Bulk Tank

scholarly journals Rapid Detection of Mycoplasma bovis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae in Cattle Bulk Tank Milk in Cyprus and Relations with Somatic Cell Counts

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Maria Liapi ◽  
George Botsaris ◽  
Costas Arsenoglou ◽  
Nikolas Markantonis ◽  
Christodoulos Michael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Mycoplasma Bovis ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Bulk Tank

One hundred and seventy-seven (177) bulk tank milk samples were analyzed with a commercially available real-time polymerase chain reaction kit and 11 (6.21%), 41 (23.16%), and 58 (32.77%) tested positive for Mycoplasma bovis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between the presence of S. aureus and S. agalactiae. Enumeration of somatic cells was performed in the same samples by flow cytometry. The somatic cell counts were found higher in S. aureus and S. agalactiae positive samples. No association was found between M. bovis presence and somatic cells counts. Low internal assay control Ct values were found to be related with high somatic cell counts. Noticeably, this is the first report for the presence of M. bovis in Cyprus. Therefore, its presence was confirmed by bulk tank milk culture, conventional PCR, and next generation sequencing. Furthermore, M. bovis was typed with multilocus sequencing typing and was allocated to sequence type 29 (ST 29). Real-time PCR in bulk tank milk samples is a useful tool to detect mammary infections, especially for neglected pathogens such as M. bovis.

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