Planctomycetes in Lakes: Poor or Strong Competitors for Phosphorus?
ABSTRACTExperiments were conducted with water samples from two perialpine lakes with differing eutrophication status in order to examine the effects of inorganic-nutrient amendments (nitrogen as NO3−or NH4+and phosphorus as PO43−) on the dynamics, structure, and composition ofPlanctomycetesand to test the hypothesis that the community structure ofPlanctomycetesmembers and that of the other bacteria (withoutPlanctomycetes, here referred to as bacteria-wP, the most represented groups within the community) would be similarly impacted by nutrient additions. Initial samples were characterized by high total nitrogen-to-total phosphorus ratios (range, 39 to 55), suggesting P rather than N was the limiting nutrient for microbial communities. Consistent with this, P additions stimulated phytoplankton growth and affected the community structure of bacteria-wP but, surprisingly, not that ofPlanctomycetes. N additions did not significantly affect the community structures of bacteria-wP andPlanctomycetesor thePlanctomycetesphylotype composition. The estimated generation time ofPlanctomyceteswas 123 h. These findings could suggest that the generally well-accepted statement that bacteria (as a whole) are superior to phytoplankton in the ability to obtain phosphorus under P limitation might actually not hold forPlanctomycetes.Planctomycetesmight be poor competitors for P that do not respond quickly to the nutrient supply, which may help explain why their abundance is low in aquatic systems. The alternative view thatPlanctomycetescould be strong competitors for P (storing it) is also discussed. Our findings highlight the need for further studies examiningPlanctomycetes-phosphorus relationships in aquatic ecosystems.