scholarly journals Quinone Profiling of Bacterial Communities in Natural and Synthetic Sewage Activated Sludge for Enhanced Phosphate Removal

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 992-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Hiraishi ◽  
Yoko Ueda ◽  
Junko Ishihara
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Operational Mode ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Sewage Sludges ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes

ABSTRACT Respiratory quinones were used as biomarkers to study bacterial community structures in activated sludge reactors used for enhanced biological phosphate removal (EBPR). We compared the quinone profiles of EBPR sludges and standard sludges, of natural sewage and synthetic sewage, and of plant scale and laboratory scale systems. Ubiquinone (Q) and menaquinone (MK) components were detected in all sludges tested at molar MK/Q ratios of 0.455 to 0.981. The differences in MK/Q ratios were much larger when we compared different wastewater sludges (i.e., raw sewage and synthetic sewage) than when we compared sludges from the EBPR and standard processes or plant scale and laboratory scale systems. In all sludges tested a Q with eight isoprene units (Q-8) was the most abundant quinone. In the MK fraction, either tetrahydrogenated MK-8 or MK-7 was the predominant type, and there was also a significant proportion of MK-6 to MK-8 in most cases. A numerical cluster analysis of the profiles showed that the sludges tested fell into two major clusters; one included all raw sewage sludges, and the other consisted of all synthetic sewage sludges, independent of the operational mode and scale of the reactors and the phosphate accumulation. These data suggested that Q-8-containing species belonging to the classProteobacteria (i.e., species belonging to the beta subclass) were the major constituents of the bacterial populations in the EBPR sludge, as well as in standard activated sludge. Members of the class Actinobacteria (gram-positive bacteria with high DNA G+C contents) were the second most abundant group in both types of sludge. The bacterial community structures in activated sludge processes may be affected more by the nature of the influent wastewater than by the introduction of an anaerobic stage into the process or by the scale of the reactors.

Aggregate size-dependence of bacterial community separation in a full-scale membrane bioreactor plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoqing Zhang ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Zhong Yu ◽  
Fangang Meng
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Size Dependence ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes

ABSTRACT The size of bacterial aggregates can determine both nutrient removal and sludge/water separation in activated sludge processes. In this study, the bacterial community structures and network associations of different sized aggregates obtained from a full-scale membrane bioreactor plant over a one-year period were investigated. Our results showed that biodiversity of larger sized aggregates was significantly higher than that of smaller ones and that the bacterial compositions of different sized aggregates differed significantly from each other. Bacteria related to nutrient removal (e.g. denitrification, hydrolysis and fermentation) were found to be significantly more abundant in larger aggregates than smaller ones. Network analysis revealed significant difference in species–species interactions, topological roles of individual OTU and keystone populations among different sized aggregates. Moreover, the occurrence of keystone OTUs affiliated with denitrifiers (Thermomonas) in networks of large and medium aggregates may suggest that denitrification influences bacterial interactions in large and medium aggregates. Overall, our results indicate the aggregates size-dependence of bacterial community separation in activated sludge. The current findings not only can provide guidance for process design and operation optimization, but also highlight the necessity for paying more attentions to the aggregate-based community, metabolic function and gene expression of activated sludge in future studies.

scholarly journals Impacts of produced water origin on bacterial community structures of activated sludge

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Wang ◽  
Feng Pan ◽  
Abd El-Latif Hesham ◽  
Yingxin Gao ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Water Origin

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of Bacterial Communities in a Three-Compartment Granular Activated Sludge System Indicates Community-Level Control by Incompatible Nitrification Processes

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 2528-2532 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Holben ◽  
Kazuhiko Noto ◽  
Tatsuo Sumino ◽  
Yuichi Suwa
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Compartment System ◽  
Hydroxylamine Oxidoreductase ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Activated Sludge System

ABSTRACT Bacterial community structure and the predominant nitrifying activities and populations in each compartment of a three-compartment activated sludge system were determined. Each compartment was originally inoculated with the same activated sludge community entrapped in polyethylene glycol gel granules, and ammonium nitrogen was supplied to the system in an inorganic salts solution at a rate of 5.0 g of N liter of granular activated sludge−1day−1. After 150 days of operation, the system was found to comprise a series of sequential nitrifying reactions (K. Noto, T. Ogasawara, Y. Suwa, and T. Sumino, Water Res. 32:769–773, 1998), presumably mediated by different bacterial populations. Activity data showed that all NH4-N was completely oxidized in compartments one and two (approximately half in each), but no significant nitrite oxidation was observed in these compartments. In contrast, all available nitrite was oxidized to nitrate in compartment three. To study the microbial populations and communities in this system, total bacterial DNA isolated from each compartment was analyzed for community structure based on the G+C contents of the component populations. Compartment one showed dominant populations having 50 and 67% G+C contents. Compartment two was similar in structure to compartment one. The bacterial community in compartment three had dominant populations with 62 and 67% G+C contents and retained the 50% G+C content population only at a greatly diminished level. The 50% G+C content population from compartment one hybridized strongly with amo (ammonia monooxygenase) andhao (hydroxylamine oxidoreductase) gene probes fromNitrosomonas europaea. However, the 50% G+C content population from compartment two hybridized strongly with thehao probe but only weakly with the amoprobe, suggesting that the predominant ammonia-oxidizing populations in compartments one and two might be different. Since different activities and populations come to dominate in each compartment from an identical inoculum, it appears that the nitrification processes may be somewhat incompatible, resulting in a series of sequential reactions and different communities in this three-compartment system.

The Role of Micro-Organisms Other than Acinetobacter in Biological Phosphate Removal in Activated Sludge Processes

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin E U Brodisch ◽  
Sylvia J Joyner
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes ◽  
Plant Capacity ◽  
Do So

The composition of the microflora in the anaerobic, anoxic and aerated stages was determined by means of the Analytical Profile Index (API) system for three biological phosphate removal plants (a pilot plant (capacity 100 m3/d) and two laboratory scale units (capacity 24 ℓ/d)). The plants monitored differed with respect to anaerobic retention time and configuration, but all three were removing phosphate to concentrations less than 0.2 mg/ℓ as P during the experimental period. In contrast to findings by other investigators, bacteria of the genus Acinetobacter were present in minor proportions. Organisms of the genera Aeromonas and Pseudomonas constituted more than 50 % of the total aerobic microbial population. Depending on the length of the anaerobic retention time, 40 to 50 % of the bacteria were identified as Gram-positive. These findings suggest that Acinetobacter species may not be the only bacterium to remove phosphate from an activated sludge system, but that other groups of bacteria also do so under suitable environmental conditions.

Activated Sludge Treatment of Kraft Mill Effluents from Conventional and Oxygen Bleaching

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nevalainen ◽  
P.-R. Rantala ◽  
J. Junna ◽  
R. Lammi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Chlorinated Phenols ◽  
Pulp Mills ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Kraft Pulp Mills ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes ◽  
Oxygen Bleaching

Conventional and oxygen bleaching effluents from hardwood kraft pulp mills were treated in laboratory-scale activated sludge processes. The main interest was the fate of organochlorine compounds in the activated sludge process. In the treatment of conventional bleaching wastewaters the BOD7-reduction was 80-91 % and in oxygen bleaching wastewaters 86-93 %. The respective CODCr removals were about 40 % and about 50 %. The AOX reductions were on average 22 % and 40 % in the treatment of conventional and oxygen bleaching effluents, respectively. The reductions of chlorinated phenols, guajacols and catecols were usually more than 50 % in both reactors. Very little accumulation of AOX into the sludge was observed. The stripping of AOX from aeration unit was insignificant.

Operational Results of the Wolfsburg Wastewater Treatment Plant

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kayser ◽  
G. Stobbe ◽  
M. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Activated Sludge Process

At Wolfsburg for a load of 100,000 p.e., the step-feed activated sludge process for nitrogen removal is successfully in operation. Due to the high denitrification potential (BOD:TKN = 5:1) the effluent total nitrogen content can be kept below 10 mg l−1 N; furthermore by some enhanced biological phosphate removal about 80% phosphorus may be removed without any chemicals.

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