scholarly journals Use of Cell Culture-PCR Assay Based on Combination of A549 and BGMK Cell Lines and Molecular Identification as a Tool To Monitor Infectious Adenoviruses and Enteroviruses in River Water

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 6695-6705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheonghoon Lee ◽  
Seung-Hoon Lee ◽  
Euiri Han ◽  
Sang-Jong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
River Water ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Viral contamination in environmental samples can be underestimated because a single cell line might reproduce only some enteric viruses and some enteric viruses do not exhibit apparent cytopathic effects in cell culture. To overcome this problem, we evaluated a cell culture-PCR assay based on a combination of A549 and Buffalo green monkey kidney (BGMK) cell lines as a tool to monitor infectious adenoviruses and enteroviruses in river water. Water samples were collected 10 times at each of four rivers located in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea, and then cultured on group 1 cells (BGMK cells alone) and group 2 cells (BGMK and A549 cells). Reverse transcription and multiplex PCR were performed, followed by phylogenetic analysis of the amplicons. Thirty (75.0%) of the 40 samples were positive for viruses based on cell culture, and the frequency of positive samples grown on group 2 cells (65.0%) was higher than the frequency of positive samples grown on group 1 cells (50.0%). The number of samples positive for adenoviruses was higher with A549 cells (13 samples) than with BGMK cells (one sample); the numbers of samples positive for enteroviruses were similar with both types of cells. By using phylogenetic analysis, adenoviral amplicons were grouped into subgenera A, C, D, and F, and enteroviral amplicons were grouped into coxsackieviruses B3 and B4 and echoviruses 6, 7, and 30, indicating that A549 and BGMK cells were suitable for recovering a wide range of adenoviral and enteroviral types. The cell culture-PCR assay with a combination of A549 and BGMK cells and molecular identification could be a useful tool for monitoring infectious adenoviruses and enteroviruses in aquatic environments.

Bortezomib+Chemotherapy Based Salvage Combinations in Refractory AML, Preliminary Results

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 4000-4000
Author(s):  
Miklos Udvardy ◽  
Attila Kiss ◽  
Bela Telek ◽  
Robert Szasz ◽  
Peter Batar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Normal Karyotype ◽  
Secondary Aml ◽  
Poor Risk ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
De Novo Aml ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Bortezomib (Velcade) proved to be the standard element of refractory myeloma 2nd and 3rd line treatment, while many studies are suggesting excellent results in 1st line. Proteasome inhibition, the block of angiogenesis, modification of the NF-kappa-B system seems to be a challenging target in other malignant diseases, including refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML), as well. In vitro data clearly support, that bortezomib exerts antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in different AML cell-lines, along with human AML cell cultures, and moreover bortezomib was able to restore, or at least improve anthracyclin and possibly ARA-C sensitivity in different cell-lines (including AML). More recently, a Phase I trial showed bortezomib monotherapy efficient (only in few percents) in childhood refractory acute leukemia. Some case reports were shown at ASH 2007. We have tried bortezomib containing first or second line combinations in 27 (14 female, 13 male, mean age 57.6 years) patients with refractory or poor risk AML, in a small retrospective survey. The combinations were as follows: HAM or Flag-Ida, combined with bortezomib 1,3 mg pro sqm, day O and seven). The following groups were considered as refractory or poor risk AML: De novo AML, 2nd line: No response/remission to first line standard treatment (“3+7”), n=2 (Velcade- Flag-Ida treatment) De novo AML 1st line: bilineal or biphenotypic (flow-cytometry) n=2 (Velcade-Flag- Ida treatment) De novo AML with complex (numerical or more than 3 abnormalities) karyotype or normal karyotype with flt-3 TKD mutation, n=9, 1st line (Velcade-Flag-Ida n=6, Velcade- HAM protocol, n=3) Secondary AML or AML with evidence of previous more than 6 mo duration high grade MDS, n=14, 1st line: (Velcade-Flag-Ida n=9, Velcade-HAM n=5) RESULTS: Complete remission (CR) 12/27, partial remission (PR) 9/27, no remission 5/27, progression during treatment: 1/27.Best responses were seen in de novo cases. CR had been achieved in all patients of group 1 (two standard risk patients not responding to 3+7 protocol), and group 2 (biphenotypic, bilineal). The CR rate was quite appreciable in group 3, i.e. 6/9 (complex karyotype or normal karyotype with FLt-3 mutation – the response rate was excellent with flt-3 mutated cases). In group 4. (MDS, secondary AML) the results were less impressive. There were no major differences according to protocol (Flag-Ida or HAM) Allogeneous stem cell transplantation could have been performed in 1st CR in two patients (one from group 1. and another from group 2.). One of them died due to relapse, the other one is in CR since then. The combinations seem to be relatively safe. Induction related death rate was low (1 elderly patient acute thrombocytopenic bleeding with refractory MDS-AML). 5 other patients had severe neutropenic sepsis (2 with fatal outcome). Pulmonary syndrome, which may follow Velcade+ARA-C had not been documented. Other adverse events did not differ from the pattern observed with standard induction therapies.

Final Results of ECOG1100: A phase I/II study of combined blockade of the ErbB receptor network in patients with HER2- overexpressing metastatic breast cancer (MBC)

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1033-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Moulder ◽  
A. O’Neill ◽  
C. Arteaga ◽  
M. Pins ◽  
J. Sparano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Dose Level ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Prior Exposure ◽  
Prior Chemotherapy ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Group 1

1033 Background: Activation of EGF receptor has been associated with resistance to trastuzumab in breast cancer cell lines. EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors inhibit HER2 phosphorylation and synergize with trastuzumab in HER2+ cell lines that co-express EGFR. Methods: Pts with MBC and HER2 overexpression by immunohistochemistry (3+) and/or HER2 gene-amplification by FISH, 0–2 prior chemotherapy regimens for met disease, LVEF 50%, and no prior trastuzumab were treated with trastuzumab 2 mg/kg/wk and gefitinib 250- 500 mg/day until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or withdrawal of consent. The phase I portion of the trial used a 3+3 design to determine MTD. In the phase II portion of the trial, patients were stratified based upon prior chemotherapy exposure (Group 1= no prior exposure to chemotherapy, Group 2= prior exposure to 1–2 chemotherapy regimens). Response measured using RECIST criteria. The primary endpoint was to increase proportion progression free from 50 to 65% at 6 months in Group 1 and from 50 to 70% at 3 months in Group 2. Results: Phase I: DLT (Grade 3 diarrhea) occurred in 2/3 patients treated at the 500 mg/day dose level of gefitinib in combination with weekly trastuzumab. 0/3 patients treated at the 250 mg/day dose level experienced DLT. This was considered MTD and was the dose selected for the Phase II portion of the trial. Phase II: 36 eligible pts were enrolled. Most patients were ECOG PS of 0 and had visceral organ involvement. Of the patients enrolled in Group 1, one pt achieved a CR, one PR and 7 had SD (≥ 24 weeks). Median time to progression (TTP) was 2.9 months (95% CI, 2.5–4). In Group 2 no responses were observed with a median TTP of 2.5 months (95% CI, 1.5- 2.7). Most common severe toxicities were rash (grade 3, 14%) and diarrhea (grade 3, 30%). No grade 3 cardiac toxicity was encountered. Conclusions: Trastuzumab in combination with gefitinib at doses of 250 mg/day demonstrated an acceptable toxicity profile; however, during planned interim analysis, the TTP did not meet predetermined statistical endpoints required for study continuation. These results do not support the further use of this combination and have implications for other trials using trastuzumab and EGFR TK inhibitors simultaneously. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Specificity crosstalk among group 1 and group 2 sigma factors in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC7942: in vitro specificity and a phylogenetic analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asako Goto-Seki ◽  
Masao Shirokane ◽  
Susumu Masuda ◽  
Kan Tanaka ◽  
Hideo Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sigma Factors ◽  
Synechococcus Sp ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

scholarly journals Phase Variation Analysis of Coxiella burnetii during Serial Passage in Cell Culture by Use of Monoclonal Antibodies

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 4747-4749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akitoyo Hotta ◽  
Midori Kawamura ◽  
Ho To ◽  
Masako Andoh ◽  
Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Phase Variation ◽  
Serial Passage ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Antigenic changes in Coxiella burnetii Nine Mile strain phase I during serial passages in cell culture were analyzed with three groups of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against lipopolysaccharide. The MAbs of group 1 did not react with organisms that were passaged over five times, and the MAbs of group 2 did not react with organisms that were passaged over eight times. The MAbs of group 3 reacted with organisms passaged up to 15 times but did not react with phase II cells. These results suggest that C. burnetii could be differentiated into four phase states during phase variation.

scholarly journals Detection of Polioviruses in Sewage Using Cell Culture and Molecular Methods

2026 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-483
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Figas ◽  
Magdalena Wieczorek ◽  
Bogumiła Litwińska ◽  
Włodzimierz Gut
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Step Algorithm ◽  
Cell Culture Technique

The work presented here demonstrates the utility of a two-step algorithm for environmental poliovirus surveillance based on: preselection of sewage samples tested for the presence of enteroviral genetic material-RT-PCR assay and detection of infectious viruses by cell culture technique (L20B for polioviruses and RD for polio and other non-polio enteroviruses). RD and L20B cell lines were tested to determine their sensitivity for isolation of viruses from environmental samples (sewage). Finally, we wanted to determine if sewage concentration affects the results obtained for RT-PCR and cell cultures.

Abelson virus potentiates long-term growth of mature B lymphocytes

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
L A Serunian ◽  
N Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Marrow Cells

Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) infection of mouse bone marrow cells usually leads to transformation of pre-B cells. However, when the environment is modified by the continuous presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), two novel types of membrane immunoglobulin (mIg)-positive B cell lines are generated. Because the cells which give rise to these cell lines copurify with mIg-positive bone marrow cells, the cell lines arise as a result of A-MuLV interaction with a new type of in vitro target cell. The cell lines generated fall into two groups which differ in several phenotypic characteristics. Group 1 cells are more differentiated than the typical pre-B cell transformant in that they synthesize mIgM and appear to resemble virgin B cells. The group 1 cells do not secrete immunoglobulin and are independent of LPS for growth. In addition, these cell lines synthesize the Abelson P160 protein, contain integrated abl proviral DNA, and are highly tumorigenic in syngeneic animals. The group 2 cell lines differ markedly from both the group 1 cells and from typical, pre-B cell A-MuLV transformants. These cells are mIgG positive and secrete large amounts of immunoglobulin into the culture medium. The cell lines are comprised of both adherent and nonadherent cells and do not synthesize P160 or contain integrated v-abl sequences. The group 2 cells are nontumorigenic in syngeneic animals and require LPS for growth and viability. Both types of cells have remained in culture for over 2 years with no changes in their phenotypic characteristics. This A-MuLV infection system and the novel mIg-positive cell lines may serve as useful models for studying biochemical and molecular properties of mature B cells.

scholarly journals Rice F-bZIP transcription factors regulate the zinc deficiency response

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 3664-3677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grmay H Lilay ◽  
Pedro Humberto Castro ◽  
Joana G Guedes ◽  
Diego M Almeida ◽  
Ana Campilho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Bzip Transcription Factors ◽  
Functional Homolog ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract The F-bZIP transcription factors bZIP19 and bZIP23 are the central regulators of the zinc deficiency response in Arabidopsis, and phylogenetic analysis of F-bZIP homologs across land plants indicates that the regulatory mechanism of the zinc deficiency response may be conserved. Here, we identified the rice F-bZIP homologs and investigated their function. OsbZIP48 and OsbZIP50, but not OsbZIP49, complement the zinc deficiency-hypersensitive Arabidopsis bzip19bzip23 double mutant. Ectopic expression of OsbZIP50 in Arabidopsis significantly increases plant zinc accumulation under control zinc supply, suggesting an altered Zn sensing in OsbZIP50. In addition, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of F-bZIP homologs from representative monocot species that supports the branching of plant F-bZIPs into Group 1 and Group 2. Our results suggest that regulation of the zinc deficiency response in rice is conserved, with OsbZIP48 being a functional homolog of AtbZIP19 and AtbZIP23. A better understanding of the mechanisms behind the Zn deficiency response in rice and other important crops will contribute to develop plant-based strategies to address the problems of Zn deficiency in soils, crops, and cereal-based human diets.

scholarly journals Abelson virus potentiates long-term growth of mature B lymphocytes.

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
L A Serunian ◽  
N Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Marrow Cells

Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) infection of mouse bone marrow cells usually leads to transformation of pre-B cells. However, when the environment is modified by the continuous presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), two novel types of membrane immunoglobulin (mIg)-positive B cell lines are generated. Because the cells which give rise to these cell lines copurify with mIg-positive bone marrow cells, the cell lines arise as a result of A-MuLV interaction with a new type of in vitro target cell. The cell lines generated fall into two groups which differ in several phenotypic characteristics. Group 1 cells are more differentiated than the typical pre-B cell transformant in that they synthesize mIgM and appear to resemble virgin B cells. The group 1 cells do not secrete immunoglobulin and are independent of LPS for growth. In addition, these cell lines synthesize the Abelson P160 protein, contain integrated abl proviral DNA, and are highly tumorigenic in syngeneic animals. The group 2 cell lines differ markedly from both the group 1 cells and from typical, pre-B cell A-MuLV transformants. These cells are mIgG positive and secrete large amounts of immunoglobulin into the culture medium. The cell lines are comprised of both adherent and nonadherent cells and do not synthesize P160 or contain integrated v-abl sequences. The group 2 cells are nontumorigenic in syngeneic animals and require LPS for growth and viability. Both types of cells have remained in culture for over 2 years with no changes in their phenotypic characteristics. This A-MuLV infection system and the novel mIg-positive cell lines may serve as useful models for studying biochemical and molecular properties of mature B cells.

scholarly journals Bacillus paralicheniformis sp. nov., isolated from fermented soybean paste

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_10) ◽  
pp. 3487-3492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Dunlap ◽  
Soon-Wo Kwon ◽  
Alejandro P. Rooney ◽  
Soo-Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacillus Paralicheniformis ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

An isolate of a Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacterium was recovered from soybean-based fermented paste. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that the strain was most closely related to Bacillus sonorensis KCTC-13918T (99.5 % similarity) and Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13T (99.4 %). In phenotypic characterization, the novel strain was found to grow at 15–60 °C and to tolerate up to 10 % (w/v) NaCl. Furthermore, the strain grew in media with pH 6–11 (optimal growth at pH 7.0–8.0). The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 (37.7 %) and iso-C15 : 0 (31.5 %). The predominant isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. A draft genome sequence of the strain was completed and used for phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenomic analysis of all published genomes of species in the B. licheniformis group revealed that strains belonging to B. licheniformis clustered into two distinct groups, with group 1 consisting of B. licheniformis DSM 13T and 11 other strains and group 2 consisting of KJ-16T and four other strains. The DNA G+C content of strain KJ-16T was 45.9 % (determined from the genome sequence). Strain KJ-16T and another strain from group 2 were subsequently characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach and compared with strains from group 1 and another closely related species of the genus Bacillus. Based upon the consensus of phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses, we conclude that this strain represents a novel species within the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus paralicheniformis sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain KJ-16T ( = KACC 18426T = NRRL B-65293T).

Inhibition of MDR1 Overcomes Brentuximab Vedotin Resistance in Hodgkin Lymphoma Cell Line Model and Is Synergistic with Brentuximab Vedotin in Mouse Xenograft Model

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 752-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W Chen ◽  
Jessie Hou ◽  
Indu Nair ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Tim Synold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Resistant Cell ◽  
Brentuximab Vedotin ◽  
Mouse Xenograft ◽  
Mouse Xenograft Model ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) expresses surface CD30. Brentuximab vedotin (BV) is an antibody-drug conjugate that selectively delivers a potent cytotoxic agent, monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), specifically to cells expressing surface CD30. Although BV elicits a high response rate (75%) in HL, patients who do not achieve complete response (CR) will eventually develop resistance to BV. We have developed 2 BV-resistant HL cell models and shown that resistance to BV is due to MDR1 upregulation rather than downregulation of surface CD30. MDR1 upregulation leads to increased drug exporter pump and decreased intracellular MMAE, the cytotoxic agent in BV. Our hypothesis is that by inhibiting MDR1, we can overcome resistance to BV and also achieve synergy with BV in HL cell lines and mouse xenograft model. Methods: HL cell lines (L428 and KMH2) were used for in vitro experiments. The selection of BV resistant cell model (L428R and KMH2) was done using pulsatile treatment with BV. Both BV resistant cell models were confirmed with MTS assay and cell growth assays. MDR1 upreguation was confirmed by qRT-PCR and western blot. Intracellular MMAE concentration was assessed by mass spectrometry. MDR1 inhibitors verapamil (VrP, 10 ug/ml) and cyclosporine (CsA, 5 uM) were chosen. NSG mice were used for mouse xenograft experiments. Results: MTS assay showed that the IC50 to BV increased 12 folds in L428R (32 ug/ml in L428, 391 ug/ml in L428R), and that the IC50 to BV has increased 17 folds in KMH2R (13 ug/ml in KMH2, 219 ug/ml in KMH2R). QRT-PCR shows that L428R and KMH2R had upregulation of MDR1 mRNA, and western blot shows L428R and KMH2R had overexpression of PgP (MDR1) as compared to L428 and KMH2. Mass spectrometry shows that the intracellular MMAE concentration was 7.6 folds lower in L428R as compared to L428 after treatment with BV. We then examined the effect of MDR1 inhibitors (VrP and CsA) on the IC50 of BV in L428R and KMH2R. The addition of VrP to L428R was able to decrease the IC50 from 344 ug/ml to 22.8 ug/ml (15 fold). The addition of VrP to KMH2R was able to decrease the IC50 from 170 ug/ml to 22 ug/ml (7.7 fold). The addition of CsA to L428R was able to decrease the IC50 from 275 ug/ml to 0.0068 ug/ml (40441 fold). The addition of CsA to KMH2 was able to decrease the IC50 from 129 ug/ml to 0.11 ug/ml (1098 fold). Also, the addition of VrP to L428R was able to increase the intracellular MMAE levels of L428R by 6.4 folds. We then examined the effect of MDR1 inhibitors plus BV in BV naïve parental cell lines. The addition of VrP to L428 was able to decrease the IC50 of BV from 69 ug/ml to 0.03 ug/ml (2300 folds). The addition of VrP to KMH2 was able to decrease the IC50 of BV from 6.3 ug/ml to 0.0013 ug/ml (4846 folds). The addition of CsA to L428 was able to decrease the IC50 of BV from 36 ug/ml to 0.0085 ug.ml (4235 folds). The addition of CsA to KMH2 was able to decrease the IC50 of BV from 7.1 ug/ml to 0.0002 ug/ml (32645 folds). Neither the VrP or CsA had individual effects on HL parental or resistant cell lines. Because CsA seems to have the strongest effect in KMH2 cell lines, we examined the effect of CsA plus BV in KMH2 mouse xenograft model. KMH2 was injected into the right flank of the mice to form subcutaneous lymphomas and mice were separated into 3 groups of 5. Group 1 is control without addition of BV or CsA. Group 2 is control plus BV at dose of 0.3 mg/kg intravenously every 4 days. Group 3 is treated with BV at doses of 0.3 mg/kg intravenously every 4 days and CsA intraperitoneally at 15 mg BID. We show that group 2 had a 37% reduction in tumor volume as compared to group 1 and that group 3 had a 70% reduction in tumor volume as compared to group 1 (Figure 1). Conclusion: MDR1 upregulation increases efflux pump activity and decreases intracellular accumulation of MMAE, and leads to resistance to BV in HL. This mechanism of resistance can be overcome with MDR1 inhibitors VrP and CsA. The addition of MDR1 inhibitors to BV is able to increase the intracellular accumulation of MMAE, and restore the sensitive to BV. We are also able to show synergery between MDR1 inhibitors and BV in the parental non-resistant HL cell lines and mouse xenograft model. This is the first study showing synergy between MDR1 inhibition and antibody drug conjugates. A clinical trial has been initiated to examine the safety/efficacy of the combination of MDR1 inhibitors plus BV in patients with relapsed/refractory HL. Figure 1. Figure 1. Disclosures Chen: Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Merck: Consultancy, Research Funding; Millenium: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Genentech: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Kwak:Antigenics: Equity Ownership; Celltrion: Consultancy; XEME BioPharma: Consultancy, Equity Ownership; Sella Life Sciences: Consultancy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document